Pyrazolyl quinoxaline kinase inhibitors

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to new quinoxaline derivative compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, to processes for the preparation of said compounds and to the use of said compounds in the treatment of diseases, e.g. cancer.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/810,521, filed on Nov. 13, 2017 (published as US 2018-0127397 A1 on May 10, 2018), which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/141,061, filed on Apr. 28, 2016 (published as US 2016-0311800 A1 on Oct. 27, 2016), which is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/505,020, filed on Oct. 2, 2014 (published as US 2015-0105368 A1 on Apr. 16, 2015), which is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/643,741 (published as US 2013-0072457 A1 on Mar. 21, 2013), which is a national stage filing under Section 371 of International Application No. PCT/GB2011/050851, filed on Apr. 28, 2011, and published in English on Nov. 3, 2011, as WO 2011/135376, and claims priority to British Application No. 1007286.6 filed on Apr. 30, 2010, and to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/329,884, filed on Apr. 30, 2010. The entire disclosures of each of the prior applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to new quinoxaline derivative compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, to processes for the preparation of said compounds and to the use of said compounds in the treatment of diseases, e.g. cancer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided compounds of formula (I):

including any tautomeric or stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein

-   n represents an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; -   R¹ represents hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein     each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two     hydroxyl groups, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁶, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —P(═O)(OH)₂ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆ alkyl)₂; -   each R^(1a) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with amino or mono- or     di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino or —NH(C₃₋₈cycloalkyl), cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl,     C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, and C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more     fluoro atoms; -   each R² is independently selected from hydroxyl, halogen, cyano,     C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄ alkynyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, haloC₁₋₄alkyl, haloC₁₋₄alkoxy,     hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl,     haloC₁₋₄ alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl wherein each C₁₋₄alkyl     may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups,     hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with R¹³,     C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with     R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with —C(═O)—R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl     substituted with —NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸,     C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with —NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with     —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸, —NR⁷R⁸ and —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸; or when two R² groups are     attached to adjacent carbon atoms they may be taken together to form     a radical of formula:     -   —O—(C(R¹⁷)₂)_(p)—O—;     -   —X—CH═CH—; or     -   —X—CH═N—; wherein R¹⁷ represents hydrogen or fluorine, p         represents 1 or 2 and X represents O or S; -   R³ represents hydroxyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkoxy     substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl,     haloC₁₋₆alkyl optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₂₋₆ alkenyl, hydroxyC₂₋₆ alkynyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl,     cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with carboxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)—, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may     optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups or with     —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxy,     C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     R⁹ and optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and     R⁹, C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with R⁹, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with     R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted     with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     one or two halogens and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹²,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     R¹³, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OH)₂ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆ alkyl)₂; -   R⁴ and R⁵ each independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R¹³; -   R⁶ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, 4 to     7-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one     heteroatom selected from N, O or S; said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl,     C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, 4 to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl,     optionally and each independently being substituted by 1, 2, 3, 4 or     5 substituents, each substituent independently being selected from     cyano, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl,     halogen, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy,     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R⁷ and R⁸ each independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl or     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl; -   R⁹ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or     3 to 12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclyl containing at     least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S, said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl,     C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or 3 to 12 membered monocyclic     or bicyclic heterocyclyl each optionally and each independently     being substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents, each     substituent independently being selected from ═O, C₁₋₄alkyl,     hydroxyl, carboxyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl,     C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—,     C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl wherein each C₁₋₄alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, halogen, haloC₁₋₄alkyl,     hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl     substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with     —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkoxy, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl,     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl,     C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl     substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl     substituted with R¹³, phenyl optionally substituted with R¹⁶,     phenylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with     R¹⁶, a 5 or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic heterocyclyl containing     at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S wherein said     heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with R¹⁶; or when two of the     substituents of R⁹ are attached to the same atom, they may be taken     together to form a 4 to 7-membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclyl     containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S; -   R¹⁰ and R¹¹ each independently represent hydrogen, carboxyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy,     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with R⁶, —C(═O)—R⁶, —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl,     —C(═O)-hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     —C(═O)-hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃,     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R¹² represents hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with     C₁₋₄alkoxy; -   R¹³ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or a saturated 4 to 6-membered     monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected     from N, O or S, wherein said C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl or monocyclic     heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents     each independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl,     —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, or —NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each independently represent hydrogen, or haloC₁₋₄alkyl,     or C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from     hydroxyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino; -   R¹⁶ represents hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,     —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ or —C(═O)NR¹⁴R¹⁵;     the N-oxides thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof     or the solvates thereof.

In one embodiment there is provided compounds of formula (I⁰):

-   including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein -   n represents an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; -   R¹ represents hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl,     haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein     each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two     hydroxyl groups, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —P(═O)(OH)₂ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆ alkyl)₂; -   each R² is independently selected from halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl,     C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, haloC₁₋₄alkyl, haloC₁₋₄alkoxy,     hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl,     haloC₁₋₄ alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl wherein each C₁₋₄alkyl     may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups,     hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with R¹³,     C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with     R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with —C(═O)—R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl     substituted with —NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸,     C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with —NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with     —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸, —NR⁷R⁸ or —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸; -   R³ represents hydroxyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkoxy     substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl,     haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₂₋₆ alkenyl, hydroxyC₂₋₆     alkynyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with carboxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)—, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may     optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups,     C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted     with C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and     R⁹, C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with R⁹, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with     R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted     with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     one or two halogens and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹²,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —P(═O)(OH)₂ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆ alkyl)₂; -   R⁴ and R⁵ independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein     each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two     hydroxyl groups, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆ alkyl,     —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —NH— S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with R¹³;     -   R⁶ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, 4 to         7-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one         heteroatom selected from N, O or S; said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈         cycloalkenyl, phenyl, 4 to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl,         optionally and each independently being substituted by 1, 2, 3,         4 or 5 substituents, each substituent independently being         selected from cyano, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl,         hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, halogen, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl,         C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,         C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with         —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,         —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl         substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted         with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with         —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl         or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵; R⁷ and R⁸         independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl,         hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl;     -   R⁹ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl,         naphthyl, or 3 to 12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic         heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N,         O or S, said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl,         or 3 to 12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclyl each         optionally and each independently being substituted with 1, 2,         3, 4 or 5 substituents, each substituent independently being         selected from ═O, C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl,         hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—,         C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—, C₁₋₄alkyl-C(═O)—,         C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl wherein each C₁₋₄alkyl may optionally be         substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, halogen,         haloC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,         C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with         —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkoxy, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl,         —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted         with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with         —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with         —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with         —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with         R¹³, phenyl optionally substituted with R¹⁶, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl         wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with R¹⁶, a 5 or         6-membered aromatic monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least         one heteroatom selected from N, O or S wherein said heterocyclyl         is optionally substituted with R¹⁶; or when two of the         substituents of R⁹ are attached to the same atom, they may be         taken together to form a 4 to 7-membered saturated monocyclic         heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N,         O or S; -   R¹⁰ and R¹¹ each independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl,     cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein     each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two     hydroxyl groups, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, —C(═O)—R⁶,     —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     —C(═O)-hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃,     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆ alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆ alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R¹² represents hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with     C₁₋₄alkoxy; R¹³ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or a saturated 4 to     6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one     heteroatom selected from N, O or S, wherein said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or     monocyclic heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3     substituents each independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)—C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, or —NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each independently represent hydrogen, or haloC₁₋₄alkyl,     or C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from     hydroxyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino; -   R¹⁶ represents hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,     —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ or —C(═O)NR¹⁴R¹⁵;     the N-oxides thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof     or the solvates thereof.

WO2006/092430, WO2008/003702, WO01/68047, WO2005/007099, WO2004/098494, WO2009/141386, WO 2004/030635, WO 2008/141065, WO 2011/026579, WO 2011/028947 and WO 00/42026 which each disclose a series of heterocyclyl derivatives.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Unless the context indicates otherwise, references to formula (I) in all sections of this document (including the uses, methods and other aspects of the invention) include references to all other sub-formula (e.g. I′, I″, I′″, I⁰, I⁰′, I^(0″), I⁰′″), PI sub-groups, preferences, embodiments and examples as defined herein.

The prefix “C_(x-y)” (where x and y are integers) as used herein refers to the number of carbon atoms in a given group. Thus, a C₁₋₆alkyl group contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a C₃₋₆cycloalkyl group contains from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, a C₁₋₄alkoxy group contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and so on.

The term ‘halo’ or ‘halogen’ as used herein refers to a fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atom.

The term ‘C₁₋₄alkyl’, or ‘C₁₋₆alkyl’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 4 or 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of such groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl or hexyl and the like.

The term ‘C₂₋₄alkenyl’ or ‘C₂₋₆alkenyl’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to a linear or branched hydrocarbon group containing from 2 to 4 or 2 to 6 carbon atoms and containing a carbon carbon double bond.

The term ‘C₂₋₄alkynyl’ or ‘C₂₋₆alkynyl’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having from 2 to 4 or 2 to 6 carbon atoms and containing a carbon carbon triple bond.

The term ‘C₁₋₄alkoxy’ or ‘C₁₋₆alkoxy’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to an —O—C₁₋₄alkyl group or an —O—C₁₋₆alkyl group wherein C₁₋₄alkyl and C₁₋₆alkyl are as defined herein. Examples of such groups include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, and the like.

The term ‘C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl’ or ‘C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to a C₁₋₄alkylO-C₁₋₄alkyl group or a C₁₋₆alkylO-C₁₋₆alkyl group wherein C₁₋₄alkyl and C₁₋₆alkyl are as defined herein. Examples of such groups include methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl, propoxymethyl, butoxypropyl, and the like.

The term ‘C₃₋₈cycloalkyl’ as used herein refers to a saturated monocyclic hydrocarbon ring of 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Examples of such groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or cyclooctyl and the like.

The term ‘C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl’ as used herein refers to a monocyclic hydrocarbon ring of 3 to 8 carbon atoms having a carbon carbon double bond.

The term ‘hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl’ or ‘hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to a C₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl group as defined herein wherein one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a hydroxyl group. The terms ‘hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl’ or ‘hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl’ therefore include monohydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, monohydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl and also polyhydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl and polyhydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl. There may be one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms replaced with a hydroxyl group, so the hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl or hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl may have one, two, three or more hydroxyl groups. Examples of such groups include hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and the like.

The term ‘haloC₁₋₄alkyl’ or ‘haloC₁₋₆alkyl’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to a C₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl group as defined herein wherein one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a halogen. The term ‘haloC₁₋₄alkyl’ or ‘haloC₁₋₆alkyl’ therefore include monohaloC₁₋₄alkyl, monohaloC₁₋₆alkyl and also polyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl and polyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl. There may be one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms replaced with a halogen, so the haloC₁₋₄alkyl or haloC₁₋₆alkyl may have one, two, three or more halogens. Examples of such groups include fluoroethyl, fluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or trifluoroethyl and the like.

The term ‘hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl’ or ‘hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to a C₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl group as defined herein wherein one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a hydroxyl group and one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a halogen. The term ‘hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl’ or ‘hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl’ therefore refers to a C₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl group wherein one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms are replaced with a hydroxyl group and one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen.

The term ‘hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy’ or ‘hydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to an —O—C₁₋₄alkyl group or an —O—C₁₋₆alkyl group wherein the C₁₋₄alkyl and C₁₋₆alkyl group is as defined above and one or more than one hydrogen atom of the C₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl group is replaced with a hydroxyl group. The term ‘hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy’ or ‘hydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy’ therefore include monohydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, monohydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy and also polyhydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy and polyhydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy. There may be one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms replaced with a hydroxyl group so the hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy or hydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy may have one, two, three or more hydroxyl groups. Examples of such groups include hydroxymethoxy, hydroxyethoxy, hydroxypropoxy and the like.

The term ‘haloC₁₋₄alkoxy’ or ‘haloC₁₋₆alkoxy’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to a —O—C₁₋₄alkyl group or a 0-C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined herein wherein one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a halogen. The terms ‘haloC₁₋₄alkoxy’ or ‘haloC₁₋₆alkoxy’ therefore include monohaloC₁₋₄alkoxy, monohaloC₁₋₆alkoxy and also polyhaloC₁₋₄alkoxy and polyhaloC₁₋₆alkoxy. There may be one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms replaced with a halogen, so the haloC₁₋₄alkoxy or haloC₁₋₆alkoxy may have one, two, three or more halogens. Examples of such groups include fluoroethyloxy, difluoromethoxy or trifluoromethoxy and the like.

The term ‘hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkoxy’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to an —O—C₁₋₄alkyl group wherein the C₁₋₄alkyl group is as defined herein and wherein one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a hydroxyl group and one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a halogen. The term ‘hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkoxy’ therefore refers to a —O—C₁₋₄alkyl group wherein one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms are replaced with a hydroxyl group and one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen.

The term ‘haloC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl’ as used herein as a group or part of a group refers to a C₁₋₄alkylO-C₁₋₄alkyl group wherein C₁₋₄alkyl is as defined herein and wherein in one or both of the C₁₋₄alkyl groups one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a halogen. The term ‘haloC₁₋₄ alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl’ therefore refers to a C₁₋₄alkylO-C₁₋₄alkyl group wherein in one or both of the C₁₋₄alkyl groups one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen and wherein C₁₋₄ alkyl is as defined herein. Preferably, in one of the C₁₋₄alkyl groups one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a halogen. Preferably, haloC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl means C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with haloC₁₋₄alkoxy.

The term ‘hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl’ as used herein refers to a C₁₋₄alkylO-C₁₋₄alkyl group wherein C₁₋₄alkyl is as defined herein and wherein in one or both of the C₁₋₄alkyl groups one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a hydroxyl group and one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a halogen. The terms ‘hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄ alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl’ therefore refers to a C₁₋₄alkylO-C₁₋₄alkyl group wherein in one or both of the C₁₋₄alkyl groups one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms are replaced with a hydroxyl group and one, two, three or more hydrogen atoms are replaced with a halogen and wherein C₁₋₄alkyl is as defined herein.

The term ‘hydroxyC₂₋₆alkenyl’ as used herein refers to a C₂₋₆alkenyl group wherein one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a hydroxyl group and wherein C₂₋₆alkenyl is as defined herein.

The term ‘hydroxyC₂₋₆alkynyl’ as used herein refers to a C₂₋₆alkynyl group wherein one or more than one hydrogen atom is replaced with a hydroxyl group and wherein C₂₋₆alkynyl is as defined herein.

The term phenylC₁₋₆alkyl as used herein refers to a C₁₋₆alkyl group as defined herein which is substituted with one phenyl group.

The term cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl or cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl as used herein refers to a C₁₋₄alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl group as defined herein which is substituted with one cyano group.

The term “heterocyclyl” as used herein shall, unless the context indicates otherwise, include both aromatic and non-aromatic ring systems. Thus, for example, the term “heterocyclyl group” includes within its scope aromatic, non-aromatic, unsaturated, partially saturated and fully saturated heterocyclyl ring systems. In general, unless the context indicates otherwise, such groups may be monocyclic or bicyclic and may contain, for example, 3 to 12 ring members, more usually 5 to 10 ring members. Reference to 4 to 7 ring members include 4, 5, 6 or 7 atoms in the ring and reference to 4 to 6 ring members include 4, 5, or 6 atoms in the ring. Examples of monocyclic groups are groups containing 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 ring members, more usually 3 to 7, and preferably 5, 6 or 7 ring members, more preferably 5 or 6 ring members. Examples of bicyclic groups are those containing 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 ring members, and more usually 9 or 10 ring members. Where reference is made herein to heterocyclyl groups, the heterocyclyl ring can, unless the context indicates otherwise, be optionally substituted (i.e. unsubstituted or substituted) by one or more substituents as discussed herein.

The heterocyclyl groups can be heteroaryl groups having from 5 to 12 ring members, more usually from 5 to 10 ring members. The term “heteroaryl” is used herein to denote a heterocyclyl group having aromatic character. The term “heteroaryl” embraces polycyclic (e.g. bicyclic) ring systems wherein one or more rings are non-aromatic, provided that at least one ring is aromatic. In such polycyclic systems, the group may be attached by the aromatic ring, or by a non-aromatic ring.

Examples of heteroaryl groups are monocyclic and bicyclic groups containing from five to twelve ring members, and more usually from five to ten ring members. The heteroaryl group can be, for example, a five membered or six membered monocyclic ring or a bicyclic structure formed from fused five and six membered rings or two fused six membered rings, or two fused five membered rings. Each ring may contain up to about five heteroatoms typically selected from nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen. Typically the heteroaryl ring will contain up to 4 heteroatoms, more typically up to 3 heteroatoms, more usually up to 2, for example a single heteroatom. In one embodiment, the heteroaryl ring contains at least one ring nitrogen atom. The nitrogen atoms in the heteroaryl rings can be basic, as in the case of an imidazole or pyridine, or essentially non-basic as in the case of an indole or pyrrole nitrogen. In general the number of basic nitrogen atoms present in the heteroaryl group, including any amino group substituents of the ring, will be less than five.

Examples of five membered heteroaryl groups include but are not limited to pyrrole, furan, thiophene, imidazole, furazan, oxazole, oxadiazole, oxatriazole, isoxazole, thiazole, thiadiazole, isothiazole, pyrazole, triazole and tetrazole groups.

Examples of six membered heteroaryl groups include but are not limited to pyridine, pyrazine, pyridazine, pyrimidine and triazine.

A bicyclic heteroaryl group may be, for example, a group selected from:

-   -   a) a benzene ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing 1,         2 or 3 ring heteroatoms;     -   b) a pyridine ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing         0, 1, 2 or 3 ring heteroatoms;     -   c) a pyrimidine ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing         0, 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms;     -   d) a pyrrole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing 0,         1, 2 or 3 ring heteroatoms;     -   e) a pyrazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing         0, 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms;     -   f) an imidazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing         0, 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms;     -   g) an oxazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing         0, 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms;     -   h) an isoxazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing         0, 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms;     -   i) a thiazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing         0, 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms;     -   j) an isothiazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring         containing 0, 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms;     -   k) a thiophene ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing         0, 1, 2 or 3 ring heteroatoms;     -   l) a furan ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing 0,         1, 2 or 3 ring heteroatoms;     -   m) a cyclohexyl ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing         1, 2 or 3 ring heteroatoms; and     -   n) a cyclopentyl ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring         containing 1, 2 or 3 ring heteroatoms.

Particular examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing a five membered ring fused to another five membered ring include but are not limited to imidazothiazole (e.g. imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole) and imidazoimidazole (e.g. imidazo[1,2-a]imidazole).

Particular examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing a six membered ring fused to a five membered ring include but are not limited to benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzimidazole, benzoxazole, isobenzoxazole, benzisoxazole, benzthiazole, benzisothiazole, isobenzofuran, indole, isoindole, indolizine, indoline, isoindoline, purine (e.g., adenine, guanine), indazole, pyrazolopyrimidine (e.g. pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine), triazolopyrimidine (e.g. [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine), benzodioxole, imidazopyridine and pyrazolopyridine (e.g. pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine) groups.

Particular examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing two fused six membered rings include but are not limited to quinoline, isoquinoline, chroman, thiochroman, chromene, isochromene, chroman, isochroman, benzodioxan, quinolizine, benzoxazine, benzodiazine, pyridopyridine, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, phthalazine, naphthyridine and pteridine groups.

Examples of polycyclic heteroaryl groups containing an aromatic ring and a non-aromatic ring include, tetrahydroisoquinoline, tetrahydroquinoline, dihydrobenzthiene, dihydrobenzfuran, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[1,4]dioxine, benzo[1,3]dioxole, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzofuran, tetrahydrotriazolopyrazine (e.g. 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine), indoline and indane groups.

A nitrogen-containing heteroaryl ring must contain at least one ring nitrogen atom. Each ring may, in addition, contain up to about four other heteroatoms typically selected from nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen. Typically the heteroaryl ring will contain up to 3 heteroatoms, for example 1, 2 or 3, more usually up to 2 nitrogens, for example a single nitrogen. The nitrogen atoms in the heteroaryl rings can be basic, as in the case of an imidazole or pyridine, or essentially non-basic as in the case of an indole or pyrrole nitrogen. In general the number of basic nitrogen atoms present in the heteroaryl group, including any amino group substituents of the ring, will be less than five.

Examples of nitrogen-containing heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxatriazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, furazanyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, triazolyl (e.g., 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl), tetrazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazole, benzthiazolyl and benzisothiazole, indolyl, 3H-indolyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, isoindolinyl, purinyl (e.g., adenine [6-aminopurine], guanine [2-amino-6-hydroxypurine]), indazolyl, quinolizinyl, benzoxazinyl, benzodiazinyl, pyridopyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl and pteridinyl.

Examples of nitrogen-containing polycyclic heteroaryl groups containing an aromatic ring and a non-aromatic ring include tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, and indolinyl.

The term “non-aromatic group” embraces, unless the context indicates otherwise, unsaturated ring systems without aromatic character, partially saturated and fully saturated heterocyclyl ring systems. The terms “unsaturated” and “partially saturated” refer to rings wherein the ring structure(s) contains atoms sharing more than one valence bond i.e. the ring contains at least one multiple bond e.g. a C═C, C≡C or N═C bond. The term “fully saturated” refers to rings where there are no multiple bonds between ring atoms. Saturated heterocyclyl groups include piperidine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, piperazine. Partially saturated heterocyclyl groups include pyrazolines, for example 2-pyrazoline and 3-pyrazoline.

Examples of non-aromatic heterocyclyl groups are groups having from 3 to 12 ring members, more usually 5 to 10 ring members. Such groups can be monocyclic or bicyclic, for example, and typically have from 1 to 5 heteroatom ring members (more usually 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatom ring members), usually selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur. The heterocyclyl groups can contain, for example, cyclic ether moieties (e.g. as in tetrahydrofuran and dioxane), cyclic thioether moieties (e.g. as in tetrahydrothiophene and dithiane), cyclic amine moieties (e.g. as in pyrrolidine), cyclic amide moieties (e.g. as in pyrrolidone), cyclic thioamides, cyclic thioesters, cyclic ureas (e.g. as in imidazolidin-2-one) cyclic ester moieties (e.g. as in butyrolactone), cyclic sulphones (e.g. as in sulpholane and sulpholene), cyclic sulphoxides, cyclic sulphonamides and combinations thereof (e.g. thiomorpholine).

Particular examples include morpholine, piperidine (e.g. 1-piperidinyl, 2-piperidinyl, 3-piperidinyl and 4-piperidinyl), piperidone, pyrrolidine (e.g. 1-pyrrolidinyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl and 3-pyrrolidinyl), pyrrolidone, azetidine, pyran (2H-pyran or 4H-pyran), dihydrothiophene, dihydropyran, dihydrofuran, dihydrothiazole, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene, dioxane, tetrahydropyran (e.g. 4-tetrahydro pyranyl), imidazoline, imidazolidinone, oxazoline, thiazoline, 2-pyrazoline, pyrazolidine, piperazone, piperazine, and N-alkyl piperazines such as N-methyl piperazine. In general, preferred non-aromatic heterocyclyl groups include saturated groups such as piperidine, pyrrolidine, azetidine, morpholine, piperazine and N-alkyl piperazines.

In a nitrogen-containing non-aromatic heterocyclyl ring the ring must contain at least one ring nitrogen atom. The heterocylic groups can contain, for example cyclic amine moieties (e.g. as in pyrrolidine), cyclic amides (such as a pyrrolidinone, piperidone or caprolactam), cyclic sulphonamides (such as an isothiazolidine 1,1-dioxide, [1,2]thiazinane 1,1-dioxide or [1,2]thiazepane 1,1-dioxide) and combinations thereof. Particular examples of nitrogen-containing non-aromatic heterocyclyl groups include aziridine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, piperidine (e.g. 1-piperidinyl, 2-piperidinyl, 3-piperidinyl and 4-piperidinyl), pyrrolidine (e.g. 1-pyrrolidinyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl and 3-pyrrolidinyl), pyrrolidone, dihydrothiazole, imidazoline, imidazolidinone, oxazoline, thiazoline, 6H-1,2,5-thiadiazine, 2-pyrazoline, 3-pyrazoline, pyrazolidine, piperazine, and N-alkyl piperazines such as N-methyl piperazine.

The heterocyclyl groups can be polycyclic fused ring systems or bridged ring systems such as the oxa- and aza analogues of bicycloalkanes, tricycloalkanes (e.g. adamantane and oxa-adamantane). For an explanation of the distinction between fused and bridged ring systems, see Advanced Organic Chemistry, by Jerry March, 4^(th) Edition, Wiley Interscience, pages 131-133, 1992.

The heterocyclyl groups can each be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituent groups. For example, heterocyclyl groups can be unsubstituted or substituted by 1, 2, 3 or 4 substituents. Where the heterocyclyl group is monocyclic or bicyclic, typically it is unsubstituted or has 1, 2 or 3 substituents.

The term ‘aryl’ as used herein refers to carbocyclyl aromatic groups including phenyl, naphthyl, indenyl, and tetrahydronaphthyl groups.

In one embodiment R¹ represents hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁶, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OH)₂ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆ alkyl)₂.

In one embodiment R¹ represents hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃.

In one embodiment R¹ represents hydrogen.

In one embodiment R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl. R¹ may represent —CH₃, —CD₃, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂. In one embodiment R¹ represents —CH₃. In another embodiment R¹ represents —CD₃.

In one embodiment R¹ represents C₂₋₄alkenyl. R¹ may represent —CH₂—CH═CH₂.

In one embodiment R¹ represents hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH or CH₂CHOHCH₂OH.

In one embodiment R¹ represents haloC₁₋₆alkyl. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂F, CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl or CH₂CH₂Br.

In one embodiment R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂OCH₃.

In one embodiment R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵.

In one embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, R⁴ and R⁵ each represent hydrogen. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH₂ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂.

In another embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, one of R⁴ and R⁵ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHCH₃.

In another embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, one of R⁴ and R⁵ represents hydrogen and the other represents —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵ where R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each represent C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxyl, for example —CH₃. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHS(═O)₂N(CH₃)₂.

In another embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, one of R⁴ and R⁵ represents hydrogen and the other represents —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHS(═O)₂CH₃.

In one embodiment R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵.

In one embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, R⁴ and R⁵ each represent C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃. R¹ may represent —CH₂C(═O)N(CH₃)₂. In another embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, one of R⁴ and R⁵ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃. R¹ may represent —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₃ or —C(CH₃)₂C(═O)NHCH₃.

In another embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, one of R⁴ and R⁵ represents hydrogen and the other represents hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OH. R¹ may represent —C(CH₃)₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OH or —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OH.

In another embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, one of R⁴ and R⁵ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, for example —CH₂CH₂OCH₃. R¹ may represent —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃ or —C(CH₃)₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃.

In another embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, one of R⁴ and R⁵ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R¹³. R¹³ may represent a saturated 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyrrolidine. R¹ may represent —CH₂—C(═O)—NH—CH₂—CH₂-(pyrrolidin-1-yl).

In another embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, one of R⁴ and R⁵ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂—S(═O)₂—CH₃.

In one embodiment R¹ represents —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl. R¹ may represent —S(═O)₂—CH₃.

In one embodiment R¹ represents —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵. R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ may each represent C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxyl, for example R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ may both represent —CH₃. R¹ may represent —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂S(═O)₂—CH₃.

In one embodiment R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHS(═O)₂—CH₃.

In one embodiment R¹ represents R⁶. R⁶ may represent a saturated 4, 5 or 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S, which may optionally be substituted.

In one embodiment when R¹ represents R⁶, R⁶ represents piperidinyl, for example 4-piperidinyl.

In one embodiment when R¹ represents R⁶, R⁶ represents tetrahydropyranyl, for example 2-tetrahydropyranyl or 4-tetrahydropyranyl.

In one embodiment when R¹ represents R⁶, R⁶ represents tetrahydrofuranyl, for example 3-tetrahydrofuranyl.

In another embodiment when R¹ represents R⁶, R⁶ represents azetidinyl substituted by one hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl group. The hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl group may be —CH₂CH₂OH. R⁶ may represent

In another embodiment when R¹ represents R⁶, R⁶ represents piperidinyl substituted by one C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)— group. The C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)— group may be (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—. R⁶ may represent 4-piperidinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—. In another embodiment when R¹ represents R⁶, R⁶ represents piperidinyl substituted by one —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl group. The —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl group may be —S(═O)₂CH₃. R⁶ may represent 4-piperidinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with —S(═O)₂CH₃. In another embodiment when R¹ represents R⁶, R⁶ represents piperidinyl substituted by one C₁₋₆ alkyl group. The C₁₋₆alkyl group may be —CH₃. R⁶ may represent 4-piperidinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with —CH₃.

In one embodiment R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶. R⁶ may represent a saturated 4, 5 or 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S, which may optionally be substituted. R⁶ may represent pyrrolidinyl, thiophenyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydropyranyl. R¹ may represent methyl or ethyl each substituted with 4-piperidinyl, 4-piperazinyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl or 4-tetrahydropyranyl. R¹ may represent propyl substituted with morpholinyl where the morpholinyl is linked to the propyl through the N heteroatom. In another embodiment the heterocyclyl may be substituted by one substituent selected from halogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—. The substituent may be —Cl, —CH₃, —OH, —CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂OH, —OCH₃, (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—.

R¹ may represent methyl, ethyl or propyl each substituted with 4-piperidinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—, 4-piperidinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with —CH₃, 4-piperazinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom (N1) with (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—, 4-piperazinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom (N1) with —CH₂CH₂OH, 4-piperazinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom (N1) with —CH₂CH₂CH₂OH, 4-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —OH, or 4-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —O—CH₃. R¹ may represent methyl substituted with 2-thiophenyl substituted in the 5 position with chlorine. In another embodiment the heterocyclyl may be substituted by two substituents selected from hydroxyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—. The substituent may be —OH, —OCH₃, (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—. R¹ may represent methyl substituted with 4-piperidinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)— and in the 4 position by —OH.

In one embodiment R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶. R⁶ may represent a saturated 4, 5 or 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S, which may optionally be substituted. R⁶ may represent piperazinyl or pyrrolidinyl.

In one embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, R⁶ represents piperazinyl. R¹ may represent —C(CH₃)₂—C(═O)-(piperazin-4-yl). In another embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, R⁶ represents piperazinyl substituted by one C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)— group, for example C(CH₃)₃—O—C(═O)—. R¹ may represent —C(CH₃)₂—C(═O)-(piperazin-4-yl) substituted on the nitrogen atom in the 1 position by C(CH₃)₃—O—C(═O)—.

In another embodiment when R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, R⁶ represents pyrrolidinyl substituted by one hydroxyl group. R¹ may represent —CH₂—C(═O)-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) substituted in the 3 position by —OH.

In one embodiment R¹ represents hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, R⁶ may represent a saturated 4, 5 or 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S, which may optionally be substituted. R⁶ may represent piperidinyl, for example 1-piperidinyl. R¹ may represent —CH₂CHOHCH₂-piperidin-1-yl.

In one embodiment R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃. R¹ may represent —CH₂Si(CH₃)₃.

In one embodiment R¹ represents cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl. R¹ may represent —CH₂CH₂CN.

In one embodiment each R^(1a) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino or —NH(C₃₋₈cycloalkyl), cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, and C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more fluoro atoms.

In one embodiment each R^(1a) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino, and C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more fluoro atoms.

In one embodiment one or two R^(1a) represents hydrogen. In one embodiment each R^(1a) represents hydrogen.

In one embodiment one or two R^(1a) represents C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃. In one embodiment each R^(1a) represents C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃.

In one embodiment one or two R^(1a) represents hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂OH.

In one embodiment one or two R^(1a) represents C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino, for example —CH₂N(CH₃)₂. In one embodiment one or two R^(1a) represents C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more fluoro atoms, for example —CF₃.

In one embodiment:

(i) one R^(1a) represents hydrogen and the other R^(1a) represents C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃; (ii) one R^(1a) represents hydrogen and the other R^(1a) represents hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂OH; (iii) one R^(1a) represents hydrogen and the other R^(1a) represents C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more fluoro atoms, for example —CF₃; or (iv) each R^(1a) independently represents C₁₋₄alkyl, for example each R^(1a) represents —CH₃.

In one embodiment, R¹ is methyl and R^(1a) is hydrogen or methyl.

In one embodiment each R² is independently selected from hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, haloC₁₋₄alkyl, haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with R¹³, —C(═O)—R, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with NR⁷R⁸, —NR⁷R⁸ and —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸; or when two R² groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms they may be taken together to form a radical of formula —O—(C(R¹⁷)₂)_(p)—O— wherein R¹⁷ represents hydrogen or fluorine and p represents 1 or 2.

In one embodiment each R² is independently selected from halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with NR⁷R⁸, —NR⁷R⁸ or —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸;

In one embodiment one or more R² represents hydroxyl.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents halogen, for example fluorine, chlorine or bromine.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents cyano.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents C₂₋₄alkenyl, for example —CH═CH₂.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, (CH₃)₂CHO—, CH₃CH₂O—, or CD₃O—.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂OH.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example OCH₂CH₂OH.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents haloC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CF₃.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCH₂CH₂F or —O—CHF₂—. In one embodiment one or more R² represents —OCH₂CH₂F or —O—CHF₂ or OCF₃.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OCH₃.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents R¹³. R¹³ may represent a saturated 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two oxygen heteroatoms, for example dioxolanyl, particularly 2-dioxolanyl.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with R¹³. R¹³ may represent C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, for example cyclopropyl. One or more R² may represent —OCH₂C₃H₅.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents —C(═O)—R¹³. R¹³ may represent a saturated 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyrrolidinyl. R² may represent —C(═O)-(1-pyrrolidinyl).

In one embodiment one or more R² represents C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NR⁷R⁸. In one embodiment R⁷ and R⁸ each represent hydrogen. One or more R² may represent —CH₂NH₂. In another embodiment R⁷ and R⁸ may each independently represent C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₃ or —CH₃. One or more R² may represent —CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)₂, —CH₂N(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)(CH₃).

In one embodiment one or more R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with —NR⁷R⁸. In one embodiment one of R⁷ and R⁸ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃. One or more R² may represent —OCH₂CH₂NHCH₃. In one embodiment R⁷ and R⁸ each represent hydrogen. One or more R² may represent —OCH₂CH₂NH₂.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents —NR⁷R⁸. In one embodiment one of R⁷ and R⁸ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃. In one embodiment each of R⁷ and R⁸ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃.

In one embodiment one or more R² represents —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸. In one embodiment one of R⁷ and R⁸ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃.

In one embodiment when two R² groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms they may be taken together to form a radical of formula —O—(C(R¹⁷)₂)_(p)—O— wherein R¹⁷ represents hydrogen and p represents 1.

In one embodiment n is equal to 0. In one embodiment n is equal to 1. In one embodiment n is equal to 2. In one embodiment n is equal to 3. In one embodiment n is equal to 4.

In one embodiment n is equal to 1. R² may be at the 3-position. R² may represent

(i) haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —O—CHF₂; (ii) C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —CH₃O— or (CH₃)₂CHO—; (iii) cyano; or (iv) —NR⁷R⁸, for example —NHCH₃.

In one embodiment n is equal to 1. R² may be at the 3-position. R² may represent haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCF₃.

In one embodiment n is equal to 1. R² may be at the 3-position. R² may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—. In one embodiment n is equal to 1. R² may be at the 3-position. R² may represent —NR⁷R⁸ where R⁷ and R⁸ each independently represent C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —N(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment n is equal to 2. One R² may be at the 3-position and the other may be at the 5-position:

(i) each R² may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example each R² may be CH₃O—, or the R² at the 3-position may be (CH₃)₂CHO— and the R² at the 5-position may be CH₃O—, or the R² at the 3-position may be CH₃O— and the R² at the 5-position may be CD₃O—; (ii) the R² at the 3-position may represent halogen, for example fluorine, chlorine or bromine, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, CD₃O— or CH₃CH₂O—; (iii) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—; (iv) the R² at the 3-position may represent cyano, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—; (v) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with NR⁷R⁸, for example —CH₂NH₂ or —CH₂N(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)₂ or —CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)(CH₃), and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—; (vi) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and the R² at the 5-position may represent —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸, for example C(═O)NHCH₃ or —C(═O)NH₂; (vii) the R² at the 3-position may represent hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example OCH₂CH₂OH, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—; (viii) the R² at the 3-position may represent —C(═O)—R¹³, for example —C(═O)-(pyrrolidin-1-yl), and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—; (ix) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with R¹³, for example OCH₂C₃H₅, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—; (x) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with NR⁷R⁸, for example OCH₂CH₂NHCH₃ or —OCH₂CH₂NH₂; (xi) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₂₋₄alkenyl, for example —CH═CH₂; (xii) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OCH₃; or the R² at the 3-position may be CH₃O— and the R² at the 5-position may be CH₃OCH₂—; (xiii) the R² at the 3-position may represent R¹³, for example 2-dioxolanyl, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—; (xiv) the R² at the 3-position may represent hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example OCH₂CH₂OH, and the R² at the 5-position may represent halogen, for example fluorine; (xv) the R² at the 3-position may represent haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCH₂CH₂F, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—; (xvi) the R² at the 3-position may represent halogen, for example fluorine, and the R² at the 5-position may represent —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸, for example —C(═O)NHCH₃; (xvii) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and the R² at the 5-position may represent halogen, for example fluorine; or (xviii) the R² at the 3-position may represent represents hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂OH, and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—.

In one embodiment n is equal to 2. One R² may be at the 3-position and the other may be at the 5-position:

(i) the R² at the 3-position may represent hydroxyl and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—; (ii) each R² may represent halogen, for example chlorine; (iii) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O— and the R² at the 5-position may represent C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NR⁷R⁸ where R⁷ and R⁸ may each independently represent C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)₂; (iv) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and the R² at the 5-position may represent haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCHF₂; (v) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and the R² at the 5-position may represent haloC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CHF₂; or (vi) each R² may represent hydroxyl.

In one embodiment n is equal to 2. One R² may be at the 3-position and the other may be at the 5-position. Each R² may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example each R² may be CH₃O—, (CH₃)₂CHO—, CH₃CH₂O—, CD₃O—. In one embodiment both R² are for example CH₃O—, or CD₃O—. In one embodiment both R² are CH₃O—.

In one embodiment n is equal to 2. One R² may be at the 4-position and the other may be at the 5-position. Each R² may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example each R² may be CH₃O—.

In one embodiment n is equal to 2. One R² may be at the 5-position and the other may be at the 6-position. Each R² may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example each R² may be CH₃O—.

In one embodiment n is equal to 2. One R² may be at the 2-position and the other may be at the 5-position:

(i) each R² may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example each R² may be CH₃O—; or (ii) the R² at the 2-position may be halogen, for example chlorine, and the R² at the 5 position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—.

In one embodiment n is equal to 3. One R² may be at the 2-position, one may be at the 3-position and one may be at the 5-position:

(i) the R² at the 2-position may represent halogen, for example chlorine, the R² at the 3-position and the 5-position may each represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example each of these R² may be CH₃O—; or (ii) the R² at the 2-position may represent C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃, the R² at the 3-position and the 5-position may each represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example each of these R² may be CH₃O—.

In one embodiment n is equal to 3. One R² may be at the 3-position, one may be at the 4-position and one may be at the 5-position:

(i) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, the R² at the 4-position and the 5-position may each represent halogen, for example fluorine; or; (ii) the R² at the 3-position may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, the R² at the 4-position and the 5-position may be taken together to form a radical of formula —O—(C(R¹⁷)₂)_(p)—O— wherein R¹⁷ represents hydrogen and p represents 1.

In one embodiment n is equal to 3. One R² may be at the 2-position, one may be at the 3-position and one may be at the 5-position: (i) the R² at the 2-position may represent halogen, for example fluorine, the R² at the 3-position and the 5-position may each represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—.

In one embodiment n is equal to 4. One R² may be at the 2-position, one may be at the 3-position, one may be at the 5-position and one may be at the 6-position, the R² at the 2-position and the 6-position may each represent halogen, for example chlorine or fluorine, the R² at the 3-position and the 5-position may each represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—.

R³ may represent C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₂₋₆alkynyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl optionally substituted (e.g. substituted) with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups or with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with one or two halogens and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with carboxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹ and optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹², —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁹, C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with R⁹, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, R¹³, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)— or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆ alkyl)₂.

R³ may represent C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with one or two halogens and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with carboxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹², C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁹, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, hydroxyC₁₋₆ alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, R¹³ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)—.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl. R³ may represent —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment R³ represents hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CHOHCH₃, —CH₂CHOHCH₂CH₃, —CH₂CHOHCH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂C(OH)(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CHOHCH₂OH or —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH. R³ may represent —CD₂CD₂OH or —CD₂CD₂CD₂OH. R³ may represent —CH(CH₃)CH₂OH.

In one embodiment R³ represents haloC₁₋₆alkyl. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl or —CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂F or —CH₂CH₂I.

In one embodiment R³ represents haloC₁₋₆alkyl optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl. R³ may represent —CH₂CH(CF₃)—O—C(═O)CH₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example R³ may represent —CH₂CHOHCF₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents hydroxyC₂₋₆alkynyl, for example R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C—CH₂OH or —CH₂—C≡C—C(CH₃)₂OH.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example R³ may represent CH₃—C(═O)CH₂—, (CH₃)₂CH—C(═O)—CH₂—

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CHOHCH₂OCH₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups or with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl. R³ may represent —CH₂CH(—O—C(═O)CH₃)CH₂OCH₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents optionally substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, for example cyclopropyl or cyclopentyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C₃H₅ or —CH₂C5H₉.

In one embodiment where the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl is cyclopropyl it is substituted by one hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂OH.

In one embodiment where the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl is cyclopropyl it is substituted by one 6-membered aromatic monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example 4-pyridinyl.

In another embodiment where the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl is cyclopropyl it is substituted by one C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, for example —CH₃CH₂—O—C(═O)—.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing a nitrogen and an oxygen heteroatom, for example isoxazolyl. In one embodiment the heterocyclyl is substituted with one or two C₁₋₄alkyl groups, for example —CH₃ groups. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 5-isoxazoyl substituted in the 3 position with —CH₃ or methyl substituted with 3-isoxazoyl substituted in the 5 position with —CH₃.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing a nitrogen and an oxygen heteroatom, for example morpholinyl. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted by 4-morpholinyl. R³ may represent methyl substituted by 3-morpholinyl. R³ may represent methyl substituted by 6-morpholinyl.

In one embodiment the heterocyclyl is substituted with one or two C₁₋₄alkyl groups, for example —CH₃ groups. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted by 4-morpholinyl substituted in the 2 and 6 positions by —CH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted by 3-morpholinyl substituted in the 5 position by two —CH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted by 6-morpholinyl substituted in the 4 position by —CH(CH₃)₂. In one embodiment the heterocyclyl is substituted with one C₁₋₄alkyl group, for example —CH(CH₃)₂, and one ═O. R³ may represent methyl substituted by 6-morpholinyl substituted in the 3 position by ═O and 4 position by —CH(CH₃)₂.

In another embodiment the heterocyclyl is substituted with phenylC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with R¹⁶, for example —CH₂—C₆H₅. R³ may represent methyl substituted by 2-morpholinyl substituted in the 4 position by —CH₂—C₆H₅.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated or an aromatic 3, 4, 5 or 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two oxygen heteroatoms, for example ethylene oxide (oxiranyl), trimethylene oxide (oxetanyl), tetrahydrofuranyl, dioxolanyl, tetrahydropyranyl or furanyl. R³ may be methyl substituted with 2-tetrahydrofuranyl, 2-dioxolane, ethylene oxide, 2-furanyl or 4-tetrahydropyranyl,

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted 4 membered heterocyclyl containing one oxygen heteroatom, for example oxetanyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted with one C₁₋₄alkyl group, for example —CH₃. R³ may be methyl substituted with 3-oxetanyl substituted in the 3 position by —CH₃.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted 4 membered heterocyclyl containing one oxygen heteroatom, for example oxetanyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted with one C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ group where one of R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ is hydrogen and the other is C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH(CH₃)₂. R³ may be methyl substituted with 3-oxetanyl substituted in the 3 position by —CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 6 membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one or two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example pyridinyl or pyrazinyl. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 3-pyridinyl or 2-pyrazinyl. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 4-pyridinyl.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 6 membered monocyclic heterocycle containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example pyrimidinyl. R³ may represent methyl or propyl substituted with 2-pyrimidinyl.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyridinyl, substituted with one halogen, for example chlorine or bromine. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 3-pyridinyl substituted in the 6 position by chlorine or 2-pyridinyl substituted in the 6 position by bromine.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyridinyl, substituted with:

(i) one C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 6-pyridinyl substituted in the 4 position by —CH₃; or (ii) one C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCH₃. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 2-pyridinyl substituted in the 3 position by —OCH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 2-pyridinyl substituted in the 6 position by —OCH₃; (iii) one C₁₋₄alkyl substituted by NR¹⁴R¹⁵. In one embodiment R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each represent hydrogen. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 6-pyridinyl substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂NH₂; or (iv) one NR¹⁴R¹⁵. In one embodiment one of R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 6-pyridinyl substituted in the 2 position by —NHCH₃.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example pyrimidinyl, substituted with:

(i) one or two C₁₋₄alkoxy groups, for example —OCH₃. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 2-pyrimidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —OCH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 2-pyrimidinyl substituted in the 4 and 6 positions by —OCH₃; (ii) one hydroxyl group, for example —OH. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 2-pyrimidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —OH.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example piperazinyl. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 3-piperazinyl.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example piperazinyl substituted with R¹³, for example said R¹³ representing piperidinyl being substituted with one C₁₋₄alkyl-C(═O)—, for example —C(═O)—CH₃. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl substituted in the 4 position with 4-piperidinyl substituted in the 1 position with —C(═O)—CH₃.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example piperazinyl substituted with C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —C(═O)NR¹⁴R¹⁵. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl substituted in the 4 position with —CH₂C(═O)NHCH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a partially saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom which may optionally be substituted. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted saturated 4 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example azetidinyl.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 4 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example azetidinyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted with one or two halogens, for example fluorine. R³ may represent propyl substituted by 1-azetidinyl substituted in the 3 position by two fluorines. In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 4 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example azetidinyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted with one hydroxyl group. R³ may represent propyl substituted by 1-azetidinyl substituted in the 3 position by one —OH.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyrrolidinyl. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl or 2-pyrrolidinyl.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyrrolidinyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with:

a) one or two halogens, for example fluorine. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 3 position by two fluorines or with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 3 position by one fluorine; b) one haloC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂Cl. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂Cl; c) one hydroxyl group. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 3 position by —OH; d) one ═O group. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by ═O; e) one —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl group and the C₁₋₄alkyl may be —CH₃. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 3 position by —S(═O)₂—CH₃; f) one —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ group. In one embodiment R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each represent hydrogen. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 3 position with —NH₂. In another embodiment R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each independently represent C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 3 position with —N(CH₃)₂. In another embodiment one of R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ is hydrogen and the other is C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 3 position with —NHCH₃; g) one or two C₁₋₄alkyl groups, for example —CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position with —CH₃, 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 and the 5 position with —CH₃ or 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position with two —CH₃; h) one carboxyl group. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position with —C(═O)OH; i) one hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂OH, —C(CH₃)₂OH or —CH₂CH₂OH. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position with —CH₂OH; j) R¹³. In one embodiment R¹³ represents a saturated 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom. In another embodiment R¹³ represents a saturated 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen and one oxygen heteroatom. In a further embodiment R¹³ represents a saturated 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen and one oxygen heteroatom, and the heterocyclyl is substituted, for example substituted with two C₁₋₆alkyl groups, for example two —CH₃ groups. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 3 position by 1-piperidinyl, or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 3 position by 4-morpholinyl substituted in positions 2 and 6 by —CH₃; k) one cyano group. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 3 position by —CN; l) one cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂CN. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂CN. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂CN; m) one C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CF₃. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CF₃; or n) one C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, for example (CH₃)₃O—O—C(═O)— or —CH₃—O—C(═O)—. R³ may represent methyl or ethyl substituted by 2-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 1 position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)— or substituted by 1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by CH₃—O—C(═O)—.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyrrolidinyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with a 6-membered aromatic monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example pyridinyl or pyrimidinyl, and optionally substituted with R¹⁶. In one embodiment R¹⁶ represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted by 3-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 1-position by 2-pyridinyl substituted in the 3-position by —OCH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted by 3-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 1-position by 2-pyrimidinyl substituted in the 4-position by OCH₃.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example piperidinyl. R³ may represent methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted by 4-piperidinyl or 1-piperidinyl.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example piperidinyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with:

a) one or two halogens, for example fluorine. R³ may represent ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 4 position by two fluorines; b) one hydroxyl group. R³ may represent methyl or ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 4 position by one —OH or 4-piperidinyl substituted at the 4 position by one —OH; c) one —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ group. In one embodiment R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each represent hydrogen. R³ may represent ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 3 position or the 4 position by —NH₂. In another embodiment R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each independently represent C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 4 position by —N(CH₃)₂; d) one or two C₁₋₄alkyl groups, for example —CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂. R³ may represent methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 2 position by —CH₃, 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 2 and the 6 position by —CH₃, 4-piperidinyl substituted at the 1 position by —CH(CH₃)₂, 4-piperidinyl substituted at the 1 position by —CH₃, 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 3 and the 5 position by —CH₃; e) one hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂OH, —C(CH₃)₂OH or —CH₂CH₂OH. R³ may represent ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —C(CH₃)₂OH, 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —CH₂CH₂OH; 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —CH₂OH; f) one cyano group. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 3 position with —CN; g) one C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, for example CH₃CH₂—O—C(═O)—, (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)— or CH₃—O—C(═O)—. R³ may represent methyl or ethyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by CH₃CH₂—O—C(═O)—, 4-piperidinyl substituted in the 1 position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—; h) one C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, for example (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—, and one hydroxyl group. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 4-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —OH and in the 1 position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—; i) one C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, for example (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—, and one C₁₋₄alkoxy group, for example —OCH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 4-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —OCH₃ and in the 1 position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—; j) one C₁₋₄alkoxy group, for example —OCH₃. R³ may represent methyl or ethyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —OCH₃ or 4-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —OCH₃; k) one haloC₁₋₄alkyl group, for example —CF₃. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —CF₃; or l) one —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵ where R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ both represent hydrogen. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 3 position by —C(═O)—NH₂. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 2 position by —C(═O)—NH₂.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example piperidinyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with:

a) one ═O. R³ may represent ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 4 position by ═O, or propyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 2 position by ═O; b) one C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ where R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ both represent hydrogen. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 4 position by —CH₂NH₂.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example piperidinyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with a 6-membered aromatic monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example pyrimidinyl, and optionally substituted with R¹⁶. In one embodiment R¹⁶ represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted by 4-piperidinyl substituted in the 1-position by 2-pyrimidinyl substituted in the 4-position by —OCH₃.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a bicyclic heterocyclyl containing a benzene ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing 1, 2 or 3 ring heteroatoms. In one embodiment the bicyclic heterocyclyl contains a benzene ring fused to a 5-membered ring containing 1 ring heteroatom. In one embodiment the ring heteroatom is a nitrogen heteroatom. In one embodiment the bicyclic heterocyclyl is substituted with two ═O groups on the 5-membered ring containing one ring heteroatom. R³ may represent ethyl, propyl or butyl substituted with isoindolyl-1,3,-dione (e.g. isoindol-2-yl-1,3-dione, also known as phtalimidyl). R³ may represent —CH(CH₃)CH₂— substituted with isoindolyl-1,3,-dione.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl (for example ethyl or propyl) substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted monocyclic heterocycl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S. In one embodiment R⁹ represents a 4, 5 or 6 membered monocyclic saturated heterocycle substituted with two substituents which are attached to the same atom and which are taken together to form a 4 to 7-membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S; and R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl (for example ethyl or propyl) substituted with a 4, 5 or 6 membered monocyclic saturated heterocycle substituted with two substituents which are attached to the same atom and which are taken together to form a 4 to 7-membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S. For example R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 2-oxa-6-aza-spiro[3.3]heptane or R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl substituted on the 4 position by 1,4-dioxolane e.g. to form 1, 4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decane.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one sulphur heteroatom, for example thiophene. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 2-thiophenyl. In one embodiment the aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one sulphur heteroatom is substituted with one chlorine. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 2-thiophenyl substituted at the 5 position by chlorine. In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one sulphur and one nitrogen heteroatom, for example thiazole. The 5-membered heterocyclyl may be substituted with for example one C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 4-thiazolyl substituted in the 2 position by —CH₃.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example piperazinyl. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example piperazinyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with:

a) one C₁₋₄alkyl-C(═O)—, for example CH₃—C(═O)—. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl substituted in the 4 position by CH₃—C(═O)—; b) one hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OH. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl substituted in the 4 position by —CH₂CH₂OH; c) one or two C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl substituted at the 3 and 5 positions by —CH₃ or 1-piperazinyl substituted at the 4 position by —CH₃; d) one ═O. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl substituted in the 3 position by ═O; or e) one —C(═O)—R¹³. R¹³ may be C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, for example cyclopropyl. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl substituted in the 4 position by —C(═O)—C₃H₅.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example piperazinyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with two phenylC₁₋₆alkyl groups wherein the phenyl is substituted with R¹⁶. R¹⁶ may represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 2-piperazinyl substituted in the 1 and 4 position by methylphenyl wherein the phenyl is substituted in the 4 position by CH₃O—.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing four nitrogen heteroatoms, for example tetrazolyl. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 5-tetrazolyl.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one oxygen and two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example 1, 3, 4-oxadiazolyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted. For example the heterocyclyl may be substituted with one —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ group, where each of R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ is hydrogen. Alternatively one of R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ may be hydrogen and the other may represent C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OH. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 2-(1, 3, 4-oxadiazolyl) substituted at the 5 position by —NH₂ or 2-(1, 3, 4-oxadiazolyl) substituted at the 5 position by —NH—CH₂CH₂OH.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example pyrazolyl or imidazolyl. R³ may represent methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrazolyl or 2-imidazoyl. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 3-pyrazolyl or 5-pyrazolyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted. For example the heterocyclyl may be substituted with one or two C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃ or —CH₂CH₃. R³ may represent methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-imidazolyl substituted at the 2 position by —CH₃, 3-pyrazolyl substituted at the 1 and 5 positions by —CH₃, 1-imidazolyl substituted at the 2 and 5 positions by —CH₃, 1-imidazolyl substituted at the 2 and 4 positions by —CH₃, 2-imidazolyl substituted at the 1 position by —CH₃ or 2-imidazolyl substituted at the 1 position by —CH₂CH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 2-imidazolyl substituted at the 5 position by —CH₃. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-pyrazolyl substituted at the 3 position by —CH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 4-pyrazolyl substituted at the 1 position by —CH₃. In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example imidazolyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with one C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃, and with one S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵. R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ may each represent C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 2-imidazolyl substituted in the 3 position by —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂ and in the 5 position by —CH₃.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example pyrazolyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with R¹³. R¹³ may represent a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one oxygen heteroatom. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 5-pyrazolyl substituted in the 2 position by 2-tetrahydropyran. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 3-pyrazolyl substituted in the 1 position by 2-tetrahydropyran.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example imidazolyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵. R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ may each represent C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from hydroxyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 2-imidazoyl substituted in the 1 position by —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing three nitrogen heteroatoms, for example triazolyl. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 4-(1, 2, 3-triazolyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted. For example

the heterocyclyl is substituted with a) one hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl group, for example —CH₂CH₂OH. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 4-(1, 2, 3-triazolyl) substituted in the 1 position by —CH₂CH₂OH or 4-(1,2,3-triazolyl) substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂OH; or b) one C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)— group, for example —CH₂—C(═O)—OCH₂CH₃. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 4-(1, 2, 3-triazolyl) substituted in the 1 position by —CH₂—C(═O)—OCH₂CH₃.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing three nitrogen heteroatoms, for example triazolyl. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-(1, 2, 4-triazolyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with one C₁₋₄alkyl group, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-(1, 2, 4-triazolyl) substituted in the 3 position by —CH₃. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 2-(1, 2, 4-triazolyl) substituted in the 3 position by —CH₃.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen and one oxygen heteroatom, for example oxazolidinyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example substituted with one ═O. R³ may represent ethyl or propyl substituted with 3-oxazolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by ═O. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 5-oxazolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by ═O. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example substituted with one ═O and one C₁₋₆alkyl. R³ may represent methyl substituted with 5-oxazolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by ═O and in the 3 position by —CH(CH₃)₂.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen and one sulphur heteroatom, for example thiomorpholinyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example substituted with two ═O groups on the sulphur heteroatom. R³ may represent propyl substituted with 4-thiomorpholinyl substituted in the 1 position by two ═O groups.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example homopiperazinyl. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with 1-homopiperazinyl.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen and one oxygen heteroatom, for example homomorpholinyl. R³ may represent ethyl substituted with homomorpholinyl.

In another embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents phenyl or naphthyl, in particular phenyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C₆H₅. When R⁹ represents phenyl or naphthyl, in particular phenyl, the phenyl or naphthyl group may be substituted, for example by one chlorine. R³ may represent methyl substituted with phenyl substituted in the 2, 3 or 4 position by chlorine.

In one embodiment R³ represents cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂CN or —CH₂CH₂CH₂CN.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl, halo or —NR¹⁰R¹¹.

In a further embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl or —NR¹⁰R¹¹. In a yet further embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl, halo or —NR¹⁰R¹¹, wherein the C₁₋₆alkyl group is a straight chain alkyl group e.g. 2-ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹. In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₄alkyl substituted —NR¹⁰R¹¹, wherein the C₁₋₄alkyl group is a straight chain alkyl group e.g. 2-ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl. In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, wherein the C₁₋₄alkyl group is an ethyl group (—CH₂CH₂—).

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, R¹⁰ and R¹¹ have the following meanings:

a) each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represent hydrogen. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH₂, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂R³ may represent —CH₂CH(CH₃)NH₂, —CH(CH₃)CH₂NH₂; b) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —CD₂-CD₂-NHCH(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂. R³ may represent —CH(CH₃)CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂; c) each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ independently represent C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)(CH(CH₃)₂). Each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ may independently represent C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)CH(CH₃)₂; d) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents haloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CF₃, —CH₂CHF₂ or —CH₂CH₂F. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CHF₂ or —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂F. HaloC₁₋₆alkyl may be —C(CH₃)₂CH₂F. R³ may represent —CH(CH₃)CH₂NHCH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH(CH₃)NHCH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CHF₂—CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CHF₂, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHC(CH₃)₂CH₂F, —CD₂-CD₂-CD₂-NHCH₂CF₃; e) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —C(═O)-Me. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—CH₃; f) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —S(═O)₂—CH₃, —S(═O)₂—CH₂CH₃ or —S(═O)₂—CH(CH₃)₂. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH(CH₃)₂; g) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, where R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each represent C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂; h) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OH. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂OH; i) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents —C(═O)-hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃ or —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃; j) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents —C(═O)—R⁶. R⁶ may represent C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, for example cyclopropyl. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C₃H₅. Alternatively, R⁶ may represent a saturated 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example piperidinyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example substituted by one C₁₋₆alkyl group, for example —CH₃ to form N-methyl piperidinyl. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)-(piperidin-3-yl) where the piperidinyl is substituted at the 1 position by —CH₃; k) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂CN. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂CNR³ may represent —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂CN; l) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents R⁶. R⁶ may represent C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, for example cyclopropyl or cyclopentyl, or R⁶ may represent a saturated 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example piperidinyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example substituted with four C₁₋₆alkyl groups, for example —CH₃ to form for example 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidinyl. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHC₃H₅, —CH₂CH₂NHC₅H₉ or —CH₂CH₂NH-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl). For example, the heterocyclyl may be substituted by one —S(═O)₂NR¹⁴R¹⁵, for example —S(═O)₂NH₂. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH-(piperidin-4-yl) where the piperidnyl is substituted in the 1 position by —S(═O)₂NH₂; m) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶. R⁶ may represent C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, for example cyclopropyl. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂C₃H₅. Alternatively R⁶ may represent a saturated, 5-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one oxygen heteroatom. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl). Alternatively R⁶ may represent an aromatic, 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂-(pyridin-6-yl); n) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents —C(═O)-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —C(═O)—CF₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHC(═O)—CF₃ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂N HC(═O)—CF₃; o) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂Si(CH₃)₃; or p) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶. R⁶ may represent phenyl. R⁶ may represent phenyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ where R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each represent hydrogen. In one embodiment one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents —CH₃ and the other represents —CH₂—C₆H₅. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)CH₂—C₆H₅. In one embodiment one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents —CH(CH₃)₂ and the other represents —CH₂—C₆H₅ wherein the phenyl is substituted in the 4-position by —NH₂.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, R¹⁰ and R¹¹ have the following meanings:

a) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH(CH₃)₂ and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ where R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each represent hydrogen. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂N(CH(CH₃)₂)CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂; b) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵ where R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each represent hydrogen. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂C(═O)NH₂ or —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂C(═O)NH₂; c) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃ and the other represents C₁₋₆alkoxy, for example —OCH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)—OCH₃. d) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkoxy, for example —OCH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH—OCH₃; or e) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CHOHCF₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CHOHCF₃. f) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents carboxyl (i.e. —C(═O)—OH); R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCOOH.

In one embodiment R¹⁰ represents hydrogen or C₁₋₆alkyl, for example hydrogen, —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂. In one embodiment R¹⁰ is hydrogen.

In one embodiment R¹¹ represents hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)—R⁶, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, R⁶, —C(═O)—R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, —C(═O)-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃.

In one embodiment R¹¹ represents hydrogen, —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CF₃, —CH₂CHF₂ or —CH₂CH₂F, —C(═O)—CH₃, —S(═O)₂—CH₃, —S(═O)₂—CH₂CH₃, —S(═O)₂—CH(CH₃)₂, —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂OH, —C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃, —C(═O)— cyclopropyl, —CH₂CH₂CN, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidinyl, —CH₂C₃H₅, —CH₂— tetrahydrofuranyl, —C(═O)-(1-methyl-piperidin-3-yl), —C(═O)—CF₃, —CH₂Si(CH₃)₃, —CH₂—C₆H₅.

In one embodiment R³ represents —CH₂CH₂NH₂, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂, —CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)(CH(CH₃)₂), —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CHF₂ or —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂F, —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃, —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃, —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C₃H₅, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂CN, CH₂CH₂NHC₃H₅, —CH₂CH₂NHC₅H₉, —CH₂CH₂—NHCO-(piperidin-3-yl) where the piperidin-3-yl is substituted in the 1 position by —CH₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂C₃H₅, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl), —CH₂CH₂NHC(═O)—CF₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHC(═O)—CF₃, —CH₂CH₂NH-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl), —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂Si(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)CH₂—C₆H₅.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹. In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen. R³ may represent —CH₂CHOHCH₂NH₂.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂. R³ may represent —CH₂CHOHCH₂NHCH₃ or —CH₂CHOHCH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents haloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CF₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CHOHCH₂NHCH₂CF₃.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH(CH₃)₂, and the other represents —C(═O)-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —C(═O)—CH₂Cl. R³ may represent —CH₂CHOHCH₂N(CH(CH₃)₂)—C(═O)CH₂Cl.

In one embodiment R³ represents hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, wherein hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl includes —CD₂CD₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂OH, —CD₂CD₂CD₂OH, —CH₂CHOHCH₃, —CH₂CHOHCH₂CH₃, —CH₂CHOHCH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂C(OH)(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CHOHCH₂OH or —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with one or two halo atoms and —NR¹⁰R¹¹. In one embodiment each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen. R³ may represent —CH₂CHFCH₂NH₂.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl. R³ may represent —CH₂C(═O)—O—CH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CH₂—C(═O)—O—CH₂CH₃R³ may represent —CH(CH₃)C(═O)—O—CH₂CH₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl (for example methyl) substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)—. R³ may represents-CH₂—C(═O)—CH₂OCH₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, the C₁₋₆alkyl group is a straight chain alkyl group e.g. n-ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl. In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵. In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, the C₁₋₄alkyl group is a straight chain alkyl group e.g. n-ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl. In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, the C₁₋₆alkyl group is an ethyl group (—CH₂CH₂—).

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, R¹⁰ and R¹¹ have the following meanings:

a) R¹⁰ and R¹¹ each represent hydrogen. R³ may represent —CH₂C(═O)NH₂; b) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl, e.g. —CH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₃; C₁₋₆alkyl may be —CH(CH₃)₂. R³ may represent —CH₂C(═O)NHCH(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂C(═O)NHCH(CH₃)₂; c) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, for example —CH₂CH₂OCH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃; d) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶. R⁶ may be a saturated 5-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyrrolidinyl. Alternatively R⁶ may be an aromatic 5-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example imidazolyl. R³ may represent —CH₂C(═O)—NH—CH₂CH₂-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) or —CH₂C(═O)—NH—CH₂CH₂-(imidazol-2-yl); e) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OH. R³ may represent —CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂OH; or f) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ where R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ are both hydrogen. R³ may represents —CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂NH₂.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, R¹⁰ and R¹¹ have the following meanings:

a) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents haloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CF₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CF₃; b) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃ and the other represents C₁₋₆alkoxy, for example —OCH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂C(═O)N(CH₃)—OCH₃. c) one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents R⁶. R⁶ may be a six membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one or two nitrogen atoms and optionally substituted with one C₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkoxy. R³ may represent —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyridin-2-yl) wherein the pyridin-2-yl is substituted in the 3-position by —OCH₃, —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyridin-6-yl) wherein the pyridin-6-yl is substituted in the 4-position by —CH₃ or —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyrimidin-2-yl) wherein the pyrimidin-2-yl is substituted in the 4-position by —OCH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyridin-3-yl), —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyridin-6-yl) or —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyridin-4-yl).

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with carboxyl. R³ may represent —CH₂C(═O)OH or —CH₂CH₂C(═O)OH.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹. In one embodiment one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂—O—C(═O)—NHCH₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl. In one embodiment R¹² represents hydrogen. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₂CH₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵. In one embodiment R¹² represents hydrogen and R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each represent —CH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂. In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹ and optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆ alkyl.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹ and optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, R⁹ represents 5-membered unsaturated ring fused to a 6-membered unsaturated ring, for example a furan ring fused to a pyridine ring, or a pyrrole ring fused to a pyridine ring, wherein the pyrrole ring is optionally substituted with one C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃. In one embodiment R⁹ represents 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridinyl, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridinyl or furo[3,2-b]pyridinyl.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyrrolidinyl. R³ may represent propyl substituted with —OH and 1-pyrrolidinyl.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyrrolidinyl, and the heterocyclyl is substituted. For example the heterocyclyl is substituted with

a) two halo's, for example two fluorines. R³ may represent propyl substituted with —OH and 1-pyrrolidinyl where the 1-pyrrolidinyl is substituted at the 3 position by two fluorines; or b) a cyano group. R³ may represent propyl substituted with —OH and 1-pyrrolidinyl where the 1-pyrrolidinyl is substituted at the 3 position by a cyano group.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one nitrogen and one oxygen heteroatom, for example morpholinyl. R³ may represent propyl substituted with —OH and 4-morpholinyl.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, R⁹ represents a saturated 6 membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example piperidinyl. R³ may represent propyl substituted with —OH and 1-piperidinyl.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, R⁹ represents an aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocycle containing three nitrogen heteroatoms, for example 1, 2, 4-triazolyl. The heterocycle may be substituted by one C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent propyl substituted with —OH and 2-(1, 2, 4-triazolyl) substituted in the 3 position by —CH₃.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, R⁹ represents an aromatic 5 membered monocyclic heterocycle containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example imidazolyl. The heterocycle may be substituted by one C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent propyl substituted with —OH and 1-imidazolyl substituted in the 2 position by —CH₃.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted bicyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen heteroatom, said bicyclic heterocyclyl may be substituted for example with two ═O groups. R³ may represent propyl substituted with hydroxyl and isoindole-1,3-dione.

In one embodiment R³ represents —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹². R¹² may independently be chosen from hydrogen and C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with C₁₋₄alkyloxy, for example —CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂. R³ may represent —CH₂C(CH₃)═N—O—H, —CH₂C(CH₂OCH₃)═N—O—H or —CH₂C(CH(CH₃)₂)═N—O—H.

In one embodiment R³ represents —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, where R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ may each be C₁₋₄alkyl. R³ may be —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl. R³ may be —CH₂CH₂—S(═O)₂—CH₃a.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁹. R⁹ may represent a saturated 5-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyrrolidinyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C(═O)—R⁹ and R⁹ is 1-pyrrolidinyl.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with R⁹. R⁹ may represent an optionally substituted aromatic 6-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one or two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example pyridinyl or pyrimidinyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example with one C₁₋₄alkyl or one C₁₋₄alkoxy substituent, for example —CH₃ or —OCH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂CH═CH-(2-pyrimidinyl), —CH₂CH═CH-(2-pyrimidinyl) wherein the 2-pyrimidinyl is substituted in the 4-position by —OCH₃, —CH₂CH═CH-(2-pyridinyl) wherein the 2-pyridinyl is substituted in the 4-position by —CH₃ or —CH₂CH═CH-(2-pyridinyl) wherein the 2-pyridinyl is substituted in the 3-position by —OCH₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹. R⁹ may represent an optionally substituted aromatic 5-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example imidazolyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example substituted with one C₁₋₄alkyl substituent, for example —CH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C-(2-imidazolyl) wherein the 2-imidazolyl is substituted in the 1 position by —CH₃ or —CH₂—C≡C-(5-imidazolyl) wherein the 5-imidazolyl is substituted in the 1 position by —CH₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 6-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one or two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (4-pyridinyl), —CH₂—C≡C— (3-pyridinyl), —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl), —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl), —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyrazinyl).

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 6-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one or two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl and the heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example substituted with:

a) one hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 2 or 4-position with —CH₂OH; b) one C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCH₃, —OCH₂CH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (4-pyridinyl) substituted in the 6-position with —OCH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3 or 5-position with —OCH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4 or 6-position with —OCH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 2, 4 or 5-position with —OCH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4-position with —OCH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (5-pyrazinyl) substituted in the 6-position with —OCH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 6-position with —OCH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4-position with —OCH₃—CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4-position with —OCH(CH₃)₂; c) one cyano. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 2 or the 4-position with cyano, —CH₂—C≡C— (4-pyridinyl) substituted in the 5 or 6-position with cyano; d) one —NR¹⁴R¹⁵. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 2 or 4-position with —NH₂, —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 2-position with —NH₂, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3-position with —NH₂, —CH₂—C≡C— (3-pyrazinyl) substituted in the 6-position with —NH₂, —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 5-position with —NHCH₃, e) one C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃ or —CH₂CH₃. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3 or 4-position with —CH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3-position with —CH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4-position with —CH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 6-position with —CH₂CH₃, f) one C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃ and one —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, for example —NH₂. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 2-position with —CH₃ and in the 4-position with —NH₂; g) one halogen, for example —Cl and one —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, for example —NH₂. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 2-position with —NH₂ and in the 4-position with —Cl, h) one halogen, for example —Br, —Cl or —F. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrazinyl) substituted in the 3-position with —Cl, —CH₂—C≡C— (3-pyrazinyl) substituted in the 5-position with —Cl, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3-position with —F, —CH₂—C≡C— (5-pyridinyl) substituted in the 6-position with —Br; i) one —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 4-position with —C(═O)—NH₂; j) one C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 5-position with CH₃—O—C(═O)—, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 6-position with CH₃—O—C(═O)—; k) one haloC₁₋₄alkyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3-position with —CF₃.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen and one sulphur heteroatom, for example thiazolyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (5-thiazolyl).

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted phenyl. R³ may be —CH₂—C≡C— (phenyl). The phenyl may be substituted, for example with one C₁₋₄alkoxy. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (phenyl) where the phenyl is substituted in the 5-position by —OCH₃.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted saturated 4-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example azetidinyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example with:

a) one hydroxyl and one C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (3-azetidinyl) substituted in the 1-position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)— and in the 3-position by —OH; b) one hydroxyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (3-azetidinyl) substituted in the 3-position by —OH.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted saturated 5-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example pyrrolidinyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example with:

a) one hydroxyl and one C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (3-pyrrolidinyl) substituted in the 1-position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)— and in the 3-position by —OH; b) one hydroxyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (3-pyrrolidinyl) substituted in the 3-position by —OH.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted saturated 6-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example piperidinyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (4-piperidinyl). The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example with:

a) one hydroxyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (4-piperidinyl) substituted in the 4-position by —OH; b) one C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (4-piperidinyl) substituted in the 1-position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted saturated 5-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one oxygen heteroatom, for example tetrahydrofuranyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example with one hydroxyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (4-tetrahydrofuranyl) substituted in the 3-position by —OH.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted saturated 6-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one oxygen heteroatom, for example tetrahydropyranyl. The heterocyclyl may be substituted, for example with one hydroxyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (4-tetrahydropyranyl) substituted in the 4-position by —OH.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, for example cyclohexyl.

R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C— (cyclohexyl).

In one embodiment R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl (e.g. —CH₂—C≡C—) substituted with R⁹, wherein R⁹ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or 3 to 12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S, said C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl or 3 to 12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclyl each optionally and each independently being substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents as defined herein.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl (e.g. —CH₂—C≡C—) substituted with R⁹, wherein R⁹ represents an optionally substituted 4 to 8-membered monocyclic or bridged heterocyclyl, for example R⁹ represents an optionally substituted azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, piperidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or 2,5-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl (e.g. —CH₂—C≡C—) substituted with R⁹, wherein R⁹ represents

-   -   an optionally substituted aromatic 5- or 6-membered monocyclic         heterocyclyl, for example imidazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl,         pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl.     -   an optionally substituted saturated 4-, 5-, or 6-membered         monocyclic heterocyclyl, for example azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl,         piperidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl.     -   an optionally substituted 6 to 8 membered bridged heterocyclyl         group, for example 2,5-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl.     -   a C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, for example cyclohexyl.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl (e.g. —CH₂—C≡C—) substituted with R⁹, wherein R⁹ represents

-   -   an optionally substituted aromatic 5-membered monocyclic         heterocycle containing two nitrogen heteroatoms, for example         imidazolyl,     -   an optionally substituted aromatic 6 membered monocyclic         heterocycle containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example         pyridinyl,     -   an optionally substituted aromatic 6 membered monocyclic         heterocycle containing one or two nitrogen heteroatoms, for         example pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl     -   an optionally substituted aromatic 5-membered monocyclic         heterocyclyl containing one nitrogen and one sulphur heteroatom,         for example thiazolyl,     -   an optionally substituted saturated 4-membered monocyclic         heterocycle containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example         azetidinyl,     -   an optionally substituted saturated 5-membered monocyclic         heterocycle containing one nitrogen heteroatom, for example         pyrrolidinyl,     -   an optionally substituted saturated 5-membered monocyclic         heterocycle containing one oxygen heteroatom, for example         tetrahydrofuranyl,     -   an optionally substituted saturated 6-membered monocyclic         heterocycle containing one oxygen heteroatom, for example         tetrahydropyranyl,     -   a C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, for example cyclohexyl or     -   a 6 to 8 membered bridged heterocyclyl group, for example         2,5-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl.

In one embodiment when R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents an optionally substituted 6 to 8 membered bridged heterocyclyl group, for example 2,5-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl optionally substituted by —C(═O)—O—C₄alkyl.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups. R³ may represent —CH₂CHOHCH₂OCH₃.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₂₋₆alkenyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—CH═CH₂.

In one embodiment R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl. R³ may represent —CH₂—C≡C—H. R³ may represent —C(CH₃)₂—C≡C— H.

In one embodiment R³ represents R¹³.

In one embodiment when R³ represents R¹³, R¹³ represents a saturated 4-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing one oxygen heteroatom. R³ may represent 3-oxetanyl.

In another embodiment when R³ represents R¹³, R¹³ represents an optionally substituted C₃₋₈cycloalkyl. For example the C₃₋₈cycloalkyl may be substituted with one NR¹⁴R¹⁵ where one of R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ represents hydrogen and the other represents C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxyl, for example —CH(CH₃)₂. R³ may represent cyclohexanyl substituted in the 4 position by —NH—CH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment of the invention R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted by R⁹, wherein R⁹ is a saturated heterocyclyl substituted by R¹³, wherein R¹³ is a saturated heterocyclyl which is optionally substituted, for example substituted by —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl. In one embodiment R⁹ is piperazinyl substituted by R¹³, wherein R¹³ is piperidinyl substituted by —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl.

In one embodiment of the invention R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆alkyl)₂. R³ may represent —CH₂CH₂P(═O)(OCH₂CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example —CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂.

In a further embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example —CH₂CH₂—CH₂—NHCH₂CF₃.

In a further embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example —CH₂CH₂NH₂.

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with —R⁹, for example —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl).

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with —R⁹, for example —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3-position by —OCH₃.

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆ alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CD₃O—, and R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example R³ may represent —CD₂-CD₂-NHCH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆ alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with —R⁹, for example —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 2-position by —NH₂.

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with —R⁹, for example —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4-position by —OCH₃.

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH(CH₃)₂, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CD₃O—, and R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with —R⁹, for example —CH₂—C≡C— (4-pyridinyl).

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH(CH₃)₂, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and R³ represents C₁₋₆ alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups or with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CHOHCH₂OCH₃.

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with —R⁹, for example —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 4-position by —CH₃.

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, for example —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and R³ represents hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CHOHCF₃.

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 4 and two R² represent C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and two R² represent halogen, for example F, and R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example —CH₂CH₂NH(CH(CH₃)₂).

In one embodiment of the invention R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, each R^(1a) represents hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, and R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂.

In a further embodiment the compound of formula (I) as defined herein is selected from the following compounds or is one of the following compounds:

-   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine     (compound 84) -   3-{4-[3-(4-{7-[(Cyclopropylmethyl)     (3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)amino]quinoxalin-2-yl}-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}propan-1-ol     or HCl salt thereof (compound 130) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N′-(1-methylethyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine     (compound 4) -   2-[4-(7-{(Cyclopropylmethyl)[3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-5-methoxyphenyl]amino}quinoxalin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanol     or HCl salt thereof (compound 131) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine     (compound 300) -   1-(3-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}propyl)pyrrolidin-2-one     (compound 132) -   (3S)-1-(2-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}ethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonitrile     (compound 133) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]-N′-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)propane-1,3-diamine     (compound 5) -   2-(4-{7-[(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl){2-[(1-methylethyl)amino]ethyl}amino]quinoxalin-2-yl}-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-methylacetamide     or HCl salt thereof (compound 134) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]-N′-(1-methylethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine     or HCl salt thereof (compound 135) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N′-(1-methylethyl)-N-{3-[1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylmethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]quinoxalin-6-yl}ethane-1,2-diamine     or HCl salt thereof (compound 136) -   (2S)-3-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}propane-1,2-diol     (compound 98) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N′-(1-methylethyl)-N-[3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine     or HCl salt thereof (compound 137) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine     (compound 99) -   3-{(Cyclopropylmethyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}-5-fluoro-N-methylbenzamide     (compound 138) -   1-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}-3-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]propan-2-ol     (compound 139) -   3-[(2-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}ethyl)amino]propanenitrile     (compound 140) -   4-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}-2-methylbutan-2-ol     (compound 141) -   (2S)-1-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}-3-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]propan-2-ol     (compound 142) -   N-[2-(4-Acetylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-N-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine     (compound 143) -   4-(2-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}ethyl)piperazin-2-one     (compound 144) -   (2S)-1-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propan-2-ol     or HCl salt thereof (compound 145) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-(pyrazin-2-ylmethyl)quinoxalin-6-amine     (compound 146) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-{3-[1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]quinoxalin-6-yl}-N′-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)propane-1,3-diamine     or HCl salt thereof (compound 147) -   (2R*)-3-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol     (relative stereochemistry)(Compound 148) -   (2S*)-3-{(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol     (relative stereochemistry) (compound 149); a N-oxide thereof, a     pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof.

In a further embodiment the compound of formula (I) as defined herein is selected from the following compounds or is one of the following compounds:

-   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]-N′-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)propane-1,3-diamine     (compound 5) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N′-(1-methylethyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine     (compound 4) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine     (compound 84) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-{3-[1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]quinoxalin-6-yl}-N′-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)propane-1,3-diamine     or HCl salt thereof (compound 147) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N′-(1-methylethyl)-N-[3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine     or HCl salt thereof (compound 137) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N′-(1-methylethyl)-N-{3-[1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylmethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]quinoxalin-6-yl}ethane-1,2-diamine     or HCl salt thereof (compound 136) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]-N′-(1-methylethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine     or HCl salt thereof (compound 135) -   2-(4-{7-[(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl){2-[(1-methylethyl)amino]ethyl}amino]quinoxalin-2-yl}-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-methylacetamide     or HCl salt thereof (compound 134) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine     (compound 300); -   a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a     solvate thereof.

In a further embodiment the compound of formula (I) as defined herein is selected from the following compounds or is one of the following compounds:

-   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]-N′-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)propane-1,3-diamine     (compound 5) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N′-(1-methylethyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine     (compound 4) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine     (compound 84); -   a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a     solvate thereof.

In a further embodiment the compound of formula (I) as defined herein is selected from the following compounds or is one of the following compounds:

-   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]propane-1,3-diamine;     (compound 93) -   2-(4-{7-[(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl){2-[(1-methylethyl)amino]ethyl}amino]quinoxalin-2-yl}-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethanol;     (compound 691) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N′-(1-methylethyl)-N-(3-{1-[2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}quinoxalin-6-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine;     (compound 678) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-(3-pyridin-2-ylprop-2-yn-1-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine;     (compound 691) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(3-methoxypyridin-2-yl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine;     (compound 652) -   N-{3,5-Bis[(²H₃)methyloxy]phenyl}-N′-(1-methylethyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl](²H₄)ethane-1,2-diamine;     (compound 618) -   N-[3-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]-N-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine;     (compound 689) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(4-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine;     (compound 688) -   N-{3,5-Bis[(²H₃)methyloxy]phenyl}-3-[1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-N-(3-pyridin-4-ylprop-2-yn-1-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine;     (compound 653) -   1-[(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl){3-[1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]quinoxalin-6-yl}amino]-3-methoxypropan-2-ol;     or its hydrochloric acid salt; (compound 657) -   N-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-[3-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]quinoxalin-6-amine;     (compound 634) -   3-[{3-[1-(3-Aminopropyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]quinoxalin-6-yl}(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)amino]-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol;     or an enantiomer thereof; (compound 660 and 661) -   N-(2,6-Difluoro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N′-(1-methylethyl)-N-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]ethane-1,2-diamine     (compound 687); -   a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a     solvate thereof.

According to an aspect of the invention there is provided compounds of formula (I):

-   including any tautomeric or stereochemically isomeric form thereof,     wherein -   n represents an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; -   R¹ represents hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl,     haloC₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each     C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl     groups, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, or     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃; -   each R^(1a) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino, and     C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more fluoro atoms; -   each R² is independently selected from hydroxyl, halogen, cyano,     C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, haloC₁₋₄alkyl, haloC₁₋₄alkoxy,     C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with R¹³,     —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted     with NR⁷R⁸, —NR⁷R⁸ and —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸; or when two R² groups are     attached to adjacent carbon atoms they may be taken together to form     a radical of formula —O—(C(R¹⁷)₂)_(p)—O— wherein R¹⁷ represents     hydrogen or fluorine and p represents 1 or 2; -   R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₂₋₆alkynyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl optionally     substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may     optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups,     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups or with     —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and     —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with one or two halogens and     —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     carboxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with and R⁹ and     optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹²,     —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —C(═O)—R⁹, C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with R⁹, C₂₋₆alkynyl     substituted with R⁹, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl,     R¹³ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)— or     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆alkyl)₂; -   R⁴ and R⁵ each independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R¹³; -   R⁶ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, 4 to     7-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one     heteroatom selected from N, O or S; said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl,     C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, 4 to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl,     optionally and each independently being substituted by 1, 2, 3, 4 or     5 substituents, each substituent independently being selected from     cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, halogen, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R⁷ and R⁸ each independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl or     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl; -   R⁹ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or     3 to 12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclyl containing at     least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S, said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl,     C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or 3 to 12 membered monocyclic     or bicyclic heterocyclyl each optionally and each independently     being substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents, each     substituent independently being selected from ═O, C₁₋₄alkyl,     hydroxyl, carboxyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl,     C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—,     C₁₋₄alkyl-C(═O)—, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl wherein each C₁₋₄alkyl may     optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, halogen,     haloC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with     —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkoxy, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl,     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl,     C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl     substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl     substituted with R¹³, phenyl optionally substituted with R¹⁶,     phenylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with     R¹⁶, a 5 or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic heterocyclyl containing     at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S wherein said     heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with R¹⁶; or when two of the     substituents of R⁹ are attached to the same atom, they may be taken     together to form a 4 to 7-membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclyl     containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S; -   R¹⁰ and R¹¹ each independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl,     cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each     C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl     groups, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, —C(═O)—R⁶,     —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     —C(═O)-hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃,     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R¹² represents hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with     C₁₋₄alkoxy; -   R¹³ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or a saturated 4 to 6-membered     monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected     from N, O or S, wherein said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or monocyclic     heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents     each independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl,     —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, or —NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each independently represent hydrogen, or haloC₁₋₄alkyl,     or C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from     hydroxyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino; -   R¹⁶ represents hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,     —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ or —C(═O)NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   the N-oxides thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof     or the solvates thereof.

In one embodiment there is provided a compound of formula (I⁰):

-   including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein -   n represents an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; -   R¹ represents hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl,     haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may     optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵,     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —C(═O)—R⁶, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, or C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃; -   each R² is independently selected from halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl,     C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy,     haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted     with R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkoxy     substituted with NR⁷R⁸, —NR⁷R⁸ or —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸; -   R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl,     haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxy groups, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with one or two     halogens and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with carboxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹²,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —C(═O)—R⁹, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy,     C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, R¹³, or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)—; -   R⁴ and R⁵ independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R¹³; -   R⁶ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, 4, 5, 6 or     7-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one     heteroatom selected from N, O or S; said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl,     C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, 4, 5, 6 or 7-membered monocyclic     heterocyclyl, optionally and each independently being substituted by     1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents, each substituent independently being     selected from cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, halogen, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl,     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R⁷ and R⁸ independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl or     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl; -   R⁹ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl or a 3 to 12     membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one     heteroatom selected from N, O or S, said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl,     C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, aryl or a 3 to 12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic     heterocyclyl each optionally and each independently being     substituted with 1 to 5 substituents, each substituent independently     being selected from ═O, C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—,     C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, C₁₋₄alkyl-C(═O)—,     C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl wherein each C₁₋₄alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, halogen, haloC₁₋₄alkyl,     hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl     substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with     —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkoxy, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl,     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl,     C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl     substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl     substituted with R¹³, phenyl optionally substituted with R¹⁶,     phenylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with     R¹⁶, a 5 or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic heterocyclyl containing     at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S wherein said     heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with R¹⁶;     -   or when two of the substituents of R⁹ are attached to the same         atom, they may be taken together to form a 4, 5, 6 or 7-membered         saturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one         heteroatom selected from N, O or S; -   R¹⁰ and R¹¹ each independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl,     cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein     each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two     hydroxyl groups, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, —C(═O)—R⁶,     —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-haloC₁₋₆alkyl,     —C(═O)-hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃,     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵,     C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl     substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted     with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R¹² represents hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with     C₁₋₄alkoxy; -   R¹³ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or a saturated 4 to 6-membered     monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected     from N, O or S, wherein said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or monocyclic     heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents     each independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl,     —(C═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, or —NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each independently represent hydrogen, or haloC₁₋₄alkyl,     or C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from     hydroxyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino; -   R¹⁶ represents hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,     —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ or —C(═O)NR¹⁴R¹⁵; -   and a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or     a solvate thereof.

In one embodiment there is provided a compound of formula (I⁰):

-   including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein -   n represents an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; -   R¹ represents hydrogen, -   C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, —CD₃, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₃,     —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, -   C₂₋₄alkenyl, for example —CH₂—CH═CH₂, -   hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH or     CH₂CHOHCH₂OH, -   haloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂F, CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl or CH₂CH₂Br, -   C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, for example     —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, for example —CH₂CH₂NH₂ or     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —CH₂CH₂NHS(═O)₂N(CH₃)₂,     —CH₂CH₂NHS(═O)₂CH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, for example     —CH₂C(═O)N(CH₃)₂, —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₃ or —C(CH₃)₂C(═O)NHCH₃,     —C(CH₃)₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OH or —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OH,     —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃ or —C(CH₃)₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃,     —CH₂—C(═O)—NH—CH₂—CH₂-(pyrrolidin-1-yl),     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂—S(═O)₂—CH₃, -   —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —S(═O)₂—CH₃, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, for     example —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example     —CH₂CH₂S(═O)₂—CH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆-alkyl, for example     —CH₂CH₂NHS(═O)₂—CH₃, -   R⁶, for example 4-piperidinyl, 2-tetrahydropyranyl or     4-tetrahydropyranyl, 4-tetrahydrofuranyl, 3-azetidinyl substituted     in the 1 position by —CH₂CH₂OH, 4-piperidinyl substituted on the     nitrogen atom with (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—, 4-piperidinyl substituted on     the nitrogen atom with —S(═O)₂CH₃, 4-piperidinyl substituted on the     nitrogen atom with —CH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, for example methyl or ethyl each     substituted with 4-piperidinyl, 4-piperazinyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl or     4-tetrahydropyranyl; propyl substituted with morpholinyl where the     morpholinyl is linked to the propyl through the N heteroatom;     methyl, ethyl or propyl each substituted with 4-piperidinyl     substituted on the nitrogen atom with (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—,     4-piperidinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with —CH₃,     4-piperazinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with     (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—, 4-piperazinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom     with —CH₂CH₂OH, 4-piperazinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with     —CH₂CH₂CH₂OH, 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 1 position by —OH,     1-piperidinyl substituted in the 1 position by —O—CH₃; methyl     substituted with 2-thiophenyl substituted in the 5 position with     chlorine; methyl substituted with 4-piperidinyl substituted on the     nitrogen atom with (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)— and in the 4 position by —OH, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, for example     —C(CH₃)₂—C(═O)-(piperazin-4-yl), —C(CH₃)₂—C(═O)-(piperazin-4-yl)     substituted on the nitrogen atom in the 1 position by     (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—, —CH₂—C(═O)-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) substituted in the 3     position by —OH, -   hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, for example —CH₂CHOHCH₂—     substituted with 1-piperidinyl, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃, for example —CH₂Si(CH₃)₃, or -   cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂CN; -   each R² is independently selected from -   hydroxyl, -   halogen, for example fluorine, chlorine or bromine, -   cyano, -   C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃, -   C₂₋₄alkenyl, for example —CH═CH₂, -   C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, (CH₃)₂CHO—, CH₃CH₂O—, CD₃O—, -   hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂OH, -   hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCH₂CH₂OH, -   haloC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CF₃, -   haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCH₂CH₂F, CHF₂O— or —OCF₃, -   C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, -   R¹³, for example 2-dioxolanyl, -   C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with R¹³, for example —OCH₂C₃H₅, -   —C(═O)—R¹³, for example —C(═O)-(1-pyrrolidinyl), -   C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with NR⁷R⁸, for example —CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)₂,     —CH₂N(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)(CH₃), -   C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with NR⁷R⁸, for example —OCH₂CH₂NH₂, -   —NR⁷R⁸, for example —NHCH₃ or —N(CH₃)₂, -   —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸; for example —C(═O)—NHCH₃, or -   two R² groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms and together to     form a radical of formula —O—(C(R¹⁷)₂)_(p)—O— wherein R¹⁷ represents     hydrogen and p represents 1; -   R³ represents -   C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂,     hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CHOHCH₃,     —CH₂CHOHCH₂CH₃, —CH₂CHOHCH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂C(OH)(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CHOHCH₂OH,     —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH, —CD₂CD₂OH, —CD₂CD₂CD₂OH, or —CH(CH₃)CH₂OH, -   hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CHOHCF₃, -   haloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl, —CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl, —CH₂CH₂F     or —CH₂CH₂I, -   haloC₁₋₆alkyl optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, for     example —CH₂CH(CF₃)—O—C(═O)CH₃, hydroxyC₂₋₆alkynyl, for example     —CH₂—C≡C—CH₂OH or —CH₂—C≡C—C(CH₃)₂OH, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example     CH₃—C(═O)—CH₂—, (CH₃)₂CH—C(═O)—CH₂—, -   C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxy groups, for example —CH₂CH₂OCH₃,     —CH₂CH₂OCH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CHOHCH₂OCH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups or with     —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH(—O—C(═O)CH₃)CH₂OCH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, for example     -   CH₂—C₃H₅ or —CH₂C5H₉,     -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with cyclopropyl substituted by —CH₂OH,         CH₃CH₂—O—C(═O)-4-pyridinyl,     -   methyl substituted with 5-isoxazolyl which is substituted in the         3 position with —CH₃. or substituted with 3-isoxazolyl which is         substituted in the 5 position by —CH₃,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted by 4-morpholinyl, methyl substituted         by 3-morpholinyl, methyl substituted by 6-morpholinyl,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted by 4-morpholinyl which is         substituted in the 2 and 6 positions by —CH₃,     -   methyl substituted by 2-morpholinyl which is substituted in the         4 position by —CH₂—C₆H₅ methyl substituted by 3-morpholinyl         substituted in the 5 position by two —CH₃, methyl substituted by         6-morpholinyl substituted in the 4 position by —CH(CH₃)₂, methyl         substituted by 6-morpholinyl substituted in the 3 position by ═O         and 4 position by —CH(CH₃)₂, methyl substituted by 2-morpholinyl         substituted in the 4 positon by —CH₂—C₆H₅, methyl substituted         with 2-tetrahydrofuranyl, 2-dioxolane, ethylene oxide,         2-furanyl, or 4-tetrahydropyranyl,     -   methyl substituted with 3-oxetanyl which is substituted in the 3         position by —CH₃, methyl substituted with 3-oxetanyl substituted         in the 3 position by —CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,     -   methyl substituted with 3-pyridinyl or 2-pyrazinyl or propyl         substituted with 4-pyridinyl     -   methyl or propyl substituted with 2-pyrimidinyl,     -   methyl substituted with 3-pyridinyl which is substituted in the         6 position by chlorine or methyl substituted with 2-pyridinyl         which is substituted in the 6 position by bromine,     -   propyl substituted with 6-pyridinyl substituted in the 4         position by —CH₃, propyl substituted with 6-pyridinyl         substituted in the 3 position by —OCH₃, methyl substituted with         2-pyridinyl substituted in the 6 position by —OCH₃, methyl         substituted with 6-pyridinyl substituted in the 2 position by         —CH₂NH₂, methyl substituted with 6-pyridinyl substituted in the         2 position by —NHCH₃,     -   propyl substituted with 2-pyrimidinyl substituted in the 4         position by —OCH₃, methyl substituted with 2-pyrimidinyl         substituted in the 4 and 6 positions by —OCH₃, propyl         substituted with 2-pyrimidinyl substituted in the 4 position by         —OH,     -   methyl substituted with 3-piperazinyl,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl which is substituted in the         4 position by 4-piperidinyl being substituted in the 1 position         by —C(═O)—CH₃, ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl substituted         in the 4 position with —CH₂C(═O)NHCH(CH₃)₂, ethyl or propyl         substituted with 1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine,     -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with azetidinyl,     -   propyl substituted by 1-azetidinyl which is substituted in the 3         position by two fluorines,     -   propyl substituted by 1-azetidinyl which is substituted in the 3         position by one —OH,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl or         2-pyrrolidinyl,     -   propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 3 position by two fluorines or propyl substituted with         1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in the 3 position by one         fluorine,     -   propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 2 position by —CH₂Cl,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 3 position by —OH,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 2 position by ═O,     -   propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 3 position by —S(═O)₂—CH₃,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 3 position with —NH₂,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 3 position with —N(CH₃)₂, propyl substituted with         1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in the 3 position with         —NHCH₃,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with a) 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 2 position with —CH₃; b) 1-pyrrolidinyl which         is substituted in the 2 and the 5 position with —CH₃; or c)         1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in the 2 position with two         —CH₃,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 2 position with —C(═O)OH,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂OH or with pyrrolidinyl         which is substituted with —C(CH₃)₂OH or —CH₂CH₂OH,     -   propyl substituted with a) 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted         in the 3 position by 1-piperidinyl, or b) 1-pyrrolidinyl which         is substituted in the 3 position by 4-morpholinyl being         substituted in positions 2 and 6 by —CH₃,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 3 position by —CN,     -   propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 2 position by —CH₂CN, or ethyl substituted with         1-pyrrolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂CN,     -   propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 2 position by —CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CF₃,     -   methyl or ethyl substituted by a) 2-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 1 position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)— or b)         1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in the 2 position by         CH₃—O—C(═O)—, methyl substituted by 3-pyrrolidinyl substituted         in the 1-position by 2-pyridinyl substituted in the 3-position         by —OCH₃ or methyl substituted by 3-pyrrolidinyl substituted in         the 1-position by 2-pyrimidinyl substituted in the 4-position by         —OCH₃,     -   methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted by 4-piperidinyl or         1-piperidinyl,     -   ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 4         position by two fluorines,     -   methyl or ethyl substituted by a) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted at the 4 position by one —OH or b) 4-piperidinyl         which is substituted at the 4 position by one —OH,     -   ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 3         position or the 4 position by —NH₂,     -   ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 4         position by —N(CH₃)₂,     -   methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted by a) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted at the 2 position by —CH₃, b) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted at the 2 and the 6 position by —CH₃, c)         4-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 1 position by         —CH(CH₃)₂, d) 4-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 1         position by —CH₃, e) 1-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 3         and the 5 position by —CH₃,     -   ethyl substituted by a) 1-piperidinyl which is substituted in         the 4 position by —C(CH₃)₂OH, b) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted in the 4 position by —CH₂CH₂OH, c) 1-piperidinyl         which is substituted in the 4 position by —CH₂OH,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted at the 3 position with —CN,     -   methyl or ethyl substituted with a) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted in the 4 position by CH₃CH₂—O—C(═O)—, or b)         4-piperidinyl which is substituted in the 1 position by         (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—,     -   methyl substituted with 4-piperidinyl which is substituted in         the 4 position by —OH and in the 1 position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—,     -   methyl substituted with 4-piperidinyl which is substituted in         the 4 position by —OCH₃ and in the 1 position by         (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—,     -   methyl or ethyl substituted with a) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted in the 4 position by —OCH₃ or b) 4-piperidinyl which         is substituted in the 4 position by —OCH₃,     -   propyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl which is substituted in         the 4 position by —CF₃,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl which is substituted in the         3 position by —C(═O)—NH₂, ethyl or propyl substituted with         1-piperidinyl substituted in the 2 position by —C(═O)—NH₂, ethyl         substituted by 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 4 position by         ═O, or propyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl substituted at the 2         position by ═O,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 4         position by —CH₂NH₂,     -   methyl substituted by 4-piperidinyl substituted in the         1-position by 2-pyrimidinyl substituted in the 4-position by         —OCH₃,     -   ethyl, propyl or butyl substituted with isoindole-1, 3-dione,         —CH(CH₃)CH₂-substituted with isoindolyl-1,3,-dione,     -   ethyl substituted with 2-oxa-6-aza-spiro[3.3.]heptane,     -   ethyl substituted with 1, 4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decane,     -   methyl substituted with 2-thiophenyl,     -   methyl substituted with 2-thiophenyl which is substituted at the         5 position by chlorine,     -   methyl substituted with 4-thiazolyl which is substituted in the         2 position by —CH₃,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl which is substituted in the         4 position by CH₃—C(═O)—,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl which is substituted in the         4 position by —CH₂CH₂OH,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with a) 1-piperazinyl which is         substituted at the 3 and 5 positions by —CH₃ or b) 1-piperazinyl         which is substituted at the 4 position by —CH₃,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl which is substituted in the         3 position by ═O,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl which is substituted in the         4 position by —C(═O)—C₃H₅,     -   methyl substituted with 2-piperazinyl substituted in the 1 and 4         position by 5 methylphenyl wherein the phenyl is substituted in         the 4 position by CH₃O—, ethyl substituted with 5-tetrazolyl,     -   methyl substituted with a) 2-(1, 3, 4-oxadiazoyl) which is         substituted at the 5 position by —NH₂ or b) 2-(1, 3,         4-oxadiazolyl) which is substituted at the 5 position by         —NH—CH₂CH₂OH,     -   methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrazolyl or         2-imidazolyl, methyl substituted with 3-pyrazolyl or         5-pyrazolyl,     -   methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted with a) 1-imidazolyl which         is substituted at the 2 position by —CH₃, b) 3-pyrazolyl which         is substituted at the 1 and 5 positions by —CH₃, c) 1-imidazolyl         which is substituted at the 2 and 5 positions by —CH₃, d)         1-imidazolyl which is substituted at the 2 and 4 positions by         —CH₃, e) 2-imidazolyl which is substituted at the 1 position by         —CH₃ or f) 2-imidazolyl which is substituted at the 1 position         by —CH₂CH₃, methyl substituted with 2-imidazolyl substituted at         the 5 position by —CH₃ ethyl substituted with 1-pyrazolyl         substituted at the 3 position by —CH₃     -   methyl substituted with 4-pyrazolyl substituted at the 1         position by —CH₃methyl substituted with 2-imidazolyl substituted         in the 3 position by —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂ and in the 5 position by         —CH₃, methyl substituted with 5-pyrazolyl substituted in the 2         position by 2-tetrahydropyran, or methyl substituted with         3-pyrazolyl substituted in the 1 position by 2-tetrahydropyran         methyl substituted with 2-imidazolyl which is substituted in the         1 position by —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂,     -   methyl substituted with 4-(1, 2, 3-triazolyl),     -   methyl substituted with a) 4-(1, 2, 3-triazolyl) which is         substituted in the 1 position by —CH₂CH₂OH or b) 4-(1, 2,         3-triazolyl) which is substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂OH,     -   methyl substituted with 4-(1, 2, 3-triazolyl) which is         substituted in the 1 position by —CH₂C(═O)—OCH₂CH₃,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-(1, 2, 4-triazolyl,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-(1, 2, 4-triazolyl)         substituted in the 3 position by —CH₃, -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 2-(1, 2, 4-triazolyl) substituted     in the 3 position by —CH₃, -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 3-oxazolidinyl which is substituted     in the 2 position by ═O, methyl substituted with 5-oxazolidinyl     substituted in the 2 position by ═O, methyl substituted with     5-oxazolidinyl substituted in the 2 position by ═O and in the 3     position by —CH(CH₃)₂,     -   propyl substituted with 4-thiomorpholinyl which is substituted         in the 1 position by two ═0 groups,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-homopiperazinyl,     -   ethyl substituted with homomorpholinyl,     -   —CH₂—C₆H₅, -   methyl substituted with phenyl which is substituted in the 2, 3 or 4     position by chlorine, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂CN or     —CH₂CH₂CH₂CN, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example —CH₂CH₂NH₂,     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂, —CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂, —CH₂CH(CH₃)NH₂, —CH(CH₃)CH₂NH₂,     —CH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,     —CD₂-CD₂-NHCH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, —CH(CH₃)CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,     —CH₂CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)(CH(CH₃)₂), —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂ or     —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)CH(CH₃)₂, -   —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CHF₂ or —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂F,     —CH(CH₃)CH₂NHCH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH(CH₃)NHCH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CF₃,     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CHF₂—CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CHF₂,     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHC(CH₃)₂CH₂F, —CD₂-CD₂-CD₂-NHCH₂CF₃, —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—CH₃, -   —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃,     —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH(CH₃)₂, -   —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂,     —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂OH, -   —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃ or —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃, -   —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C₃H₅, -   —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)-(piperidin-3-yl) where the piperidinyl is     substituted at the 1 position by —CH₃, -   —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂CN, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂CN, -   —CH₂CH₂NHC₃H₅, —CH₂CH₂NHC₅H₉ or     —CH₂CH₂NH-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl)     —CH₂CH₂NH-(piperidin-4-yl) where the piperidinyl is substituted in     the 1 position by —S(═O)₂NH₂, -   —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂C₃H₅, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl),     —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂-(pyridin-6-yl), -   —CH₂CH₂NHC(═O)—CF₃ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHC(═O)—CF₃; -   —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂Si(CH₃)₃, -   —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)CH₂—C₆H₅, -   one of R¹⁰ and R¹¹ represents —CH(CH₃)₂ and the other represents     —CH₂—C₆H₅ wherein the phenyl is substituted in the 4-position by     —NH₂, -   —CH₂CH₂N(CH(CH₃)₂)CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂, -   —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂C(═O)NH₂ or —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂C(═O)NH₂, -   —CH₂CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)—OCH₃, -   —CH₂CH₂NH—OCH₃, or -   —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CHOHCF₃; -   —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCOOH. -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example     —CH₂CHOHCH₂NH₂, —CH₂CHOHCH₂NHCH₃ or —CH₂CHOHCH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,     —CH₂CHOHCH₂NHCH₂CF₃, —CH₂CHOHCH₂N(CH(CH₃)₂)—C(═O)CH₂Cl, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with one or two halogens and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for     example —CH₂CHFCH₂NH₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example     —CH₂—C(═O)—O—CH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CH₂—C(═O)—O—CH₂CH₃,     —CH(CH₃)C(═O)—O—CH₂CH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl (for example methyl) substituted with     C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)—, for example —CH₂—C(═O)—CH₂OCH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example     —CH₂—C(═O)NH₂, —CH₂—C(═O)NHCH₃, —CH₂C(═O)NHCH(CH₃)₂ or     —CH₂CH₂C(═O)NHCH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂—C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃,     —CH₂—C(═O)—NH—CH₂CH₂-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) or     —CH₂—C(═O)—NH—CH₂CH₂-(imidazol-2-yl), —CH₂—C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂OH,     —CH₂—C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂NH₂,     —CH₂CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CF₃—CH₂CH₂C(═O)N(CH₃)—OCH₃,     —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyridin-2-yl) wherein the pyridin-2-yl is substituted     in the 3-position by —OCH₃, —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyridin-6-yl) wherein the     pyridin-6-yl is substituted in the 4-position by —CH₃ or     —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyrimidin-2-yl) wherein the pyrimidin-2-yl is     substituted in the 4-position by —OCH₃, —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyridin-3-yl),     —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyridin-6-yl) or —CH₂C(═O)NH-(pyridin-4-yl), -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with carboxyl, for example —CH₂C(═O)OH or     —CH₂CH₂C(═O)OH, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example     —CH₂CH₂—O—C(═O)—NHCH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example     —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃,     —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₂CH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, for example     —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹ and optionally substituted with     —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, R⁹ represents 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridinyl,     1-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridinyl or furo[3,2-b]pyridinyl, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, for example -   propyl substituted with —OH and 1-pyrrolidinyl, -   propyl substituted with —OH and 1-pyrrolidinyl where the     1-pyrrolidinyl is substituted at the 3 position by two fluorines, -   propyl substituted with —OH and 1-pyrrolidinyl where the     1-pyrrolidinyl is substituted at the 3 position by a cyano group, -   propyl substituted with —OH and 4-morpholinyl, -   propyl substituted with —OH and 1-piperidinyl, -   propyl substituted with —OH and 2-(1, 2, 4-triazolyl) substituted in     the 3 position by —CH₃, -   propyl substituted with —OH and 1-imidazolyl substituted in the 2     position by —CH₃, -   propyl substituted with —OH and isoindole-1, 3-dione, -   —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹², for example —CH₂C(CH₃)═N—O—H,     —CH₂C(CH₂OCH₃)═N—O—H or —CH₂C(CH(CH₃)₂)═N—O—H—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, for     example —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with     —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂—S(═O)₂—CH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example     -   —CH₂C(═O)NH₂,     -   —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₃,     -   —CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃,     -   —CH₂C(═O)—NH—CH₂CH₂-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) or         —CH₂C(═O)—NH—CH₂CH₂-(imidazol-2-yl), —CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂OH,         —CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂NH₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁹, for example —CH₂C(═O)—R⁹ and     R⁹ is 1-pyrrolidinyl, -   C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with R⁹, for example     —CH₂CH═CH-(2-pyrimidinyl), —CH₂CH═CH-(2-pyrimidinyl) wherein the     2-pyrimidinyl is substituted in the 4-position by —OCH₃,     —CH₂CH═CH-(2-pyridinyl) wherein the 2-pyridinyl is substituted in     the 4-position by —CH₃ or —CH₂CH═CH-(2-pyridinyl) wherein the     2-pyridinyl is substituted in the 3-position by —OCH₃, -   C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, for example -   —CH₂—≡C— (2-imidazolyl) wherein the 2-imidazolyl is substituted in     the 1 position by —CH₃ or —CH₂—C≡C— (5-imidazolyl) wherein the     5-imidazolyl is substituted in the 1 position by —CH₃, —CH₂—C≡C—     (4-pyridinyl), —CH₂—C≡C— (3-pyridinyl), —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl),     —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl), —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyrazinyl), —CH₂—C≡C—     (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 2 or 4-position with —CH₂OH,     —CH₂—C≡C— (4-pyridinyl) substituted in the 6-position with —OCH₃,     —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3 or 5-position with     —OCH₃, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4 or 6-position with     —OCH₃, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 2, 4 or 5-position with     —OCH₃, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4-position with —OCH₃, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (5-pyrazinyl) substituted in the 6-position with —OCH₃, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 6-position with     —OCH₂CH₃, -   —C(CH₃)₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4-position with     —OCH₃, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4-position with     —OCH(CH₃)₂; -   —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 2 or the 4-position with     cyano, —CH₂—C≡C— (4-pyridinyl) substituted in the 5 or 6-position     with cyano; -   —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 2 or 4-position with     —NH₂, —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 2-position with     —NH₂, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3-position with     —NH₂, —CH₂—C≡C— (3-pyrazinyl) substituted in the 6-position with     —NH₂, —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 5-position with     —NHCH₃, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3 or 4-position with     —CH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3-position with     —CH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 4-position with     —CH₃, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 6-position with     —CH₂CH₃, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 2-position with —CH₃     and in the 4-position with —NH₂, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the 2-position with —NH₂     and in the 4-position with —Cl, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrazinyl) substituted in the 3-position with —Cl,     —CH₂—C≡C— (3-pyrazinyl) substituted in the 5-position with —Cl,     —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3-position with —F,     —CH₂—C≡C— (5-pyridinyl) substituted in the 6-position with —Br; -   —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 4-position with     —C(═O)—NH₂; -   —CH₂—C≡C— (6-pyridinyl) substituted in the 5-position with     CH₃—O—C(═O)—, —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyrimidinyl) substituted in the     6-position with CH₃—O—C(═O)—; -   —CH₂—C≡C— (2-pyridinyl) substituted in the 3-position with —CF₃, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (5-thiazolyl), -   —CH₂—C≡C— (phenyl), -   —CH₂—C≡C— (phenyl) where the phenyl is substituted in the 5-position     by —OCH₃, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (3-azetidinyl) substituted in the 1-position by     C(CH₃)₃—O—C(═O)— and in the 3-position by —OH, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (3-azetidinyl) substituted in the 3-position by —OH, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (3-pyrrolidinyl) substituted in the 1-position by     C(CH₃)₃—O—C(═O)— and in the 3-position by —OH, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (3-pyrrolidinyl) substituted in the 3-position by —OH,     —CH₂—C≡C— (4-piperidinyl), -   —CH₂—C≡C— (4-piperidinyl) substituted in the 4-position by —OH, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (4-piperidinyl) substituted in the 1-position by     C(CH₃)₃—O—C(═O)—, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (4-tetrahydrofuranyl) substituted in the 3-position by     —OH, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (4-tetrahydropyranyl) substituted in the 4-position by     —OH, -   —CH₂—C≡C— (cyclohexyl), -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, R⁹ represents a 6 to 8 membered     bridged heterocyclyl group, for example     2,5-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl optionally substituted by     —C(═O)—O—C₄alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyloxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may     optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, for     example —CH₂CHOHCH₂OCH₃, -   C₂₋₆alkenyl, for example —CH₂—CH═CH₂, -   C₂₋₆alkynyl, for example —CH₂—C≡C—H or —C(CH₃)₂—C≡C—H, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)—, for example     —CH₂—C(═O)—CH₂OCH₃, or -   R¹³, for example 3-oxetanyl, cyclohexanyl substituted in the 4     position by —NH—CH(CH₃)₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted by R⁹, wherein R⁹ is a saturated heterocyclyl     substituted by R¹³, wherein R¹³ is a saturated heterocyclyl which is     optionally substituted, for example substituted by —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl.     In one embodiment R⁹ is piperazinyl substituted by R¹³, wherein R¹³     is piperidinyl substituted by —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted by R⁹, wherein R⁹ is a saturated heterocyclyl     substituted by R¹³, wherein R¹³ is a saturated heterocyclyl which is     optionally substituted, for example substituted by —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl.     In one embodiment R⁹ is piperazinyl substituted by R¹³, wherein R¹³     is piperidinyl substituted by —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl.

In one embodiment there is provided a compound of formula (I⁰):

-   including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein -   n represents an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3; -   R¹ represents hydrogen, -   C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, —CD₃, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₃,     —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, -   C₂₋₄alkenyl, for example —CH₂—CH═CH₂, -   hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH or     CH₂CHOHCH₂OH, -   haloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂F, CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl or CH₂CH₂Br, -   C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, for example     —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, for example —CH₂CH₂NH₂ or     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —CH₂CH₂NHS(═O)₂N(CH₃)₂,     —CH₂CH₂NHS(═O)₂N(CH₃)₂, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, for     example —CH₂C(═O)N(CH₃)₂, —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₃ or     —C(CH₃)₂C(═O)NHCH₃—C(CH₃)₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OH or —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OH,     —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃ or —C(CH₃)₂C(═O)NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃,     —CH₂—C(═O)—NH—CH₂—CH₂-(pyrrolidin-1-yl),     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂—S(═O)₂—CH₃, -   —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —S(═O)₂—CH₃, -   —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, for example —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example     —CH₂CH₂S(═O)₂—CH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆-alkyl, for example     —CH₂CH₂NHS(═O)₂—CH₃, R⁶, for example 2-tetrahydropyranyl,     3-azetidinyl substituted in the 1 position by —CH₂CH₂OH,     4-piperidinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with     (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—, 4-piperidinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom     with —S(═O)₂CH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, for example methyl or ethyl each     substituted with 4-piperidinyl, 4-piperazinyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl or     4-tetrahydropyranyl; propyl substituted with morpholinyl where the     morpholinyl is linked to the propyl through the N heteroatom;     methyl, ethyl or propyl each substituted with 4-piperidinyl     substituted on the nitrogen atom with (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—,     4-piperidinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with —CH₃,     4-piperazinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with     (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—, 4-piperazinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom     with —CH₂CH₂OH, 4-piperazinyl substituted on the nitrogen atom with     —CH₂CH₂CH₂OH, 1-piperidinyl substituted in the 1 position by —OH,     1-piperidinyl substituted in the 1 position by —O—CH₃; methyl     substituted with 2-thiophenyl substituted in the 5 position with     chlorine; methyl substituted with 4-piperidinyl substituted on the     nitrogen atom with (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)— and in the 4 position by —OH, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, for example     —C(CH₃)₂—C(═O)-(piperazin-4-yl), —C(CH₃)₂—C(═O)-(piperazin-4-yl)     substituted on the nitrogen atom in the 1 position by     C(CH₃)₃—O—C(═O)—, —CH₂—C(═O)-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) substituted in the 3     position by —OH, -   hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, for example —CH₂CHOHCH₂—     substituted with 1-piperidinyl; or -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃, for example —CH₂Si(CH₃)₃; -   each R² is independently selected from -   halogen, for example fluorine, chlorine or bromine, -   cyano, -   C₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₃, -   C₂₋₄alkenyl, for example —CH═CH₂, -   C₁₋₄alkoxy, for example CH₃O—, (CH₃)₂CHO—, CH₃CH₂O—, CD₃O—, -   hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂OH, -   hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCH₂CH₂OH, -   haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, for example —OCH₂CH₂F or CHF₂O—, -   C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, -   R¹³, for example 2-dioxolanyl, -   C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with R¹³, for example —OCH₂C₃H₅, -   —C(═O)—R¹³, for example —C(═O)-(1-pyrrolidinyl), -   C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with NR⁷R⁸, for example —CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)₂,     —CH₂N(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)(CH₃), -   C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with NR⁷R⁸, for example —OCH₂CH₂NH₂, -   —NR⁷R⁸, for example —NHCH₃, or -   —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸; for example —C(═O)—NHCH₃;     -   R³ represents -   C₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, -   hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CHOHCH₃,     —CH₂CHOHCH₂CH₃, —CH₂CHOHCH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂C(OH)(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CHOHCH₂OH     or —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH, -   hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CHOHCF₃, -   haloC₁₋₆alkyl, for example —CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl or —CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example     CH₃—C(═O)—CH₂—, (CH₃)₂CH—C(═O)—CH₂—, -   C₁₋₆ alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be     substituted with one or two hydroxy groups, for example —CH₂CH₂OCH₃,     —CH₂CH₂OCH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CHOHCH₂OCH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, for example     -   —CH₂—C₃H₅ or —CH₂C5H₉,     -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with cyclopropyl substituted by —CH₂OH or         CH₃CH₂—O—C(═O)-methyl substituted with 5-isoxazoyl which is         substituted in the 3 position with —CH₃. or substituted with         3-isoxazoyl which is substituted in the 5 position by —CH₃, 3     -   ethyl or propyl substituted by 4-morpholinyl     -   ethyl or propyl substituted by 4-morpholinyl which is         substituted in the 2 and 6 positions by —CH₃     -   methyl substituted by 2-morpholinyl which is substituted in the         4 positon by —CH₂—C₆H₅     -   methyl substituted with 2-tetrahydrofuranyl, 2-dioxolane,         ethylene oxide, 2-furanyl, or 4-tetrahydropyranyl,     -   methyl substituted with 3-oxetanyl which is substituted in the 3         position by —CH₃.     -   methyl substituted with 3-pyridinyl or 2-pyrazinyl.     -   methyl substituted with 3-pyridinyl which is substituted in the         6 position by chlorine or methyl substituted with 2-pyridinyl         which is substituted in the 6 position by bromine,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl which is substituted in the         4 position by 4-piperidinyl being substituted in the 1 position         by —C(═O)—CH₃,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine,     -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with azetidinyl,     -   propyl substituted by 1-azetidinyl which is substituted in the 3         position by two fluorines, propyl substituted by 1-azetidinyl         which is substituted in the 3 position by one —OH,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl or         2-pyrrolidinyl,     -   propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 3 position by two fluorines or propyl substituted with         1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in the 3 position by one         fluorine,     -   propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 2 position by —CH₂Cl,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 3 position by —OH,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 2 position by ═O,     -   propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 3 position by —S(═O)₂—CH₃,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 3 position with —NH₂, ethyl substituted with         1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in the 3 position with         —N(CH₃)₂, propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 3 position with —NHCH₃,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with a) 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 2 position with —CH₃; b) 1-pyrrolidinyl which         is substituted in the 2 and the 5 position with —CH₃; or c)         1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in the 2 position with two         —CH₃,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 2 position with —C(═O)OH,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂OH or with pyrrolidinyl         which is substituted with —C(CH₃)₂OH or —CH₂CH₂OH,     -   propyl substituted with a) 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted         in the 3 position by 1-piperidinyl, or b) 1-pyrrolidinyl which         is substituted in the 3 position by 4-morpholinyl being         substituted in positions 2 and 6 by —CH₃,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 3 position by —CN, propyl substituted with         1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂CN,     -   propyl substituted with 1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in         the 2 position by —CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CF₃,     -   methyl or ethyl substituted by a) 2-pyrrolidinyl which is         substituted in the 1 position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)— or b)         1-pyrrolidinyl which is substituted in the 2 position by         CH₃—O—C(═O)—,     -   methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted by 4-piperidinyl or         1-piperidinyl,     -   ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 4         position by two fluorines,     -   methyl or ethyl substituted by a) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted at the 4 position by one —OH or b) 4-piperidinyl         which is substituted at the 4 position by one —OH,     -   ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 3         position or the 4 position by —NH₂,     -   ethyl substituted by 1-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 4         position by —N(CH₃)₂,     -   methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted by a) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted at the 2 position by —CH₃, b) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted at the 2 and the 6 position by —CH₃, c)         4-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 1 position by         —CH(CH₃)₂, d) 4-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 1         position by —CH₃, e) 1-piperidinyl which is substituted at the 3         and the 5 position by —CH₃,     -   ethyl substituted by a) 1-piperidinyl which is substituted in         the 4 position by —C(CH₃)₂OH, b) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted in the 4 position by —CH₂CH₂OH, c) 1-piperidinyl         which is substituted in the 4 position by —CH₂OH,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted at the 3 position with —CN,     -   methyl or ethyl substituted with a) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted in the 4 position by CH₃CH₂—O—C(═O)—, or b)         4-piperidinyl which is substituted in the 1 position by         (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—,     -   methyl substituted with 4-piperidinyl which is substituted in         the 4 position by —OH and in the 1 position by (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—,     -   methyl substituted with 4-piperidinyl which is substituted in         the 4 position by —OCH₃ and in the 1 position by         (CH₃)₃C—O—C(═O)—,     -   methyl or ethyl substituted with a) 1-piperidinyl which is         substituted in the 4 position by —OCH₃ or b) 4-piperidinyl which         is substituted in the 4 position by —OCH₃,     -   propyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl which is substituted in         the 4 position by —CF₃, ethyl substituted with 1-piperidinyl         which is substituted in the 3 position by —C(═O)—NH₂,     -   ethyl, propyl or butyl substituted with isoindole-1, 3-dione,     -   ethyl substituted with 2-oxa-6-aza-spiro[3.3.]heptane,     -   ethyl substituted with 1, 4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decane,     -   methyl substituted with 2-thiophenyl,     -   methyl substituted with 2-thiophenyl which is substituted at the         5 position by chlorine, methyl substituted with 4-thiazolyl         which is substituted in the 2 position by —CH₃,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl which is substituted in the         4 position by CH₃—C(═O)—,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl which is substituted in the         4 position by —CH₂CH₂OH,     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with a) 1-piperazinyl which is         substituted at the 3 and 5 positions by —CH₃ or b) 1-piperazinyl         which is substituted at the 4 position by —CH₃,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl which is substituted in the         3 position by ═O,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-piperazinyl which is substituted in the         4 position by —C(═O)—C₃H₅,     -   ethyl substituted with 5-tetrazolyl,     -   methyl substituted with a) 2-(1, 3, 4-oxadiazoyl) which is         substituted at the 5 position by —NH₂ or b) 2-(1, 3,         4-oxadiazoyl) which is substituted at the 5 position by         —NH—CH₂CH₂OH,     -   methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted with 1-pyrazoyl or         2-imidazoyl,     -   methyl, ethyl or propyl substituted with a) 1-imidazoyl which is         substituted at the 2 position by —CH₃, b) 3-pyrazolyl which is         substituted at the 1 and 5 positions by —CH₃, c) 1-imidazolyl         which is substituted at the 2 and 5 positions by —CH₃, d)         1-imidazolyl which is substituted at the 2 and 4 positions by         —CH₃, e) 2-imidazolyl which is substituted at the 1 position by         —CH₃ or f) 2-imidazolyl which is substituted at the 1 position         by —CH₂CH₃, methyl substituted with 2-imidazolyl which is         substituted in the 1 position by —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂,     -   methyl substituted with 4-(1, 2, 3-triazolyl),     -   methyl substituted with a) 4-(1, 2, 3-triazolyl) which is         substituted in the 1 position by —CH₂CH₂OH or b) 4-(1, 2,         3-triazolyl) which is substituted in the 2 position by —CH₂OH,     -   methyl substituted with 4-(1, 2, 3-triazolyl) which is         substituted in the 1 position by —CH₂C(═O)—OCH₂CH₃.     -   ethyl or propyl substituted with 3-oxazolidinyl which is         substituted in the 2 position by ═O,     -   propyl substituted with 4-thiomorpholinyl which is substituted         in the 1 position by two ═0 groups,     -   ethyl substituted with 1-homopiperazinyl,     -   —CH₂—C₆H₅,     -   methyl substituted with phenyl which is substituted in the 2, 3         or 4 position by chlorine, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example —CH₂CH₂NH₂,     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₃,     —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,     —CH₂CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂N(CH₂CH₃)(OH(CH₃)₂), —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CF₃,     —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CHF₂ or —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂F, —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—CH₃,     —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃,     —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₂CH₃ or     —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH(CH₃)₂—CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂ or     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂—CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂OH,     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃ or     —CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃—CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)—C₃H₅—CH₂CH₂NH—C(═O)-(piperidin-3-yl)     where the piperidinyl is substituted at the 1 position by —CH₃;     —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂CN—CH₂CH₂NHC₃H₅, —CH₂CH₂NHC₅H₉ or     —CH₂CH₂NH-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl), —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂C₃H₅,     —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl), —CH₂CH₂NHC(═O)—CF₃ or     —CH₂CH₂CH₂NHC(═O)—CF₃, —CH₂CH₂NHCH₂Si(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)CH₂—C₆H₅,     —CH₂CH₂NH-(piperidin-4-yl) where the piperidinyl is substituted in     the 1 position by —S(═O)₂NH₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example     —CH₂CHOHCH₂NH₂, —CH₂CHOHCH₂NHCH₃ or —CH₂CHOHCH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂,     —CH₂CHOHCH₂NHCH₂CF₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with one or two halogens and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, for     example —CH₂CHFCH₂NH₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example     CH₂—C(═O)—O—CH₂CH₃ or —CH₂CH₂—C(═O)—O—CH₂CH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR^(1I)R¹¹, for example     —CH₂—C(═O)NH₂, —CH₂—C(═O)NHCH₃, —CH₂—C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃,     —CH₂—C(═O)—NH—CH₂CH₂-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) or     —CH₂—C(═O)—NH—CH₂CH₂-(imidazol-2-yl), —CH₂—C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂OH,     —CH₂—C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂NH₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with carboxyl, for example —CH₂C(═O)OH or     —CH₂CH₂C(═O)OH, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR^(1I)R¹¹, for example     —CH₂CH₂—O—C(═O)—NHCH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, for example     —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₃,     —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—CH₂CH₃, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, for example     —CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂ or —CH₂CH₂CH₂NH—S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, for example -   propyl substituted with —OH and 1-pyrrolidinyl, -   propyl substituted with —OH and 1-pyrrolidinyl where the     1-pyrrolidinyl is substituted at the 3 position by two fluorines, -   propyl substituted with —OH and 1-pyrrolidinyl where the     1-pyrrolidinyl is substituted at the 3 position by a cyano group, -   propyl substituted with —OH and 4-morpholinyl, -   propyl substituted with —OH and 1-piperidinyl, -   propyl substituted with —OH and isoindole-1, 3-dione, -   —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹², for example —CH₂C(CH₃)═N—O—H,     —CH₂C(CH₂OCH₃)═N—O—H or —CH₂C(CH(CH₃)₂)═N—O—H -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, for example     -   —CH₂C(═O)NH₂,     -   —CH₂C(═O)NHCH₃,     -   —CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂OCH₃,     -   —CH₂C(═O)—NH—CH₂CH₂-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) or         —CH₂C(═O)—NH—CH₂CH₂-(imidazol-2-yl), —CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂OH,         —CH₂C(═O)—NHCH₂CH₂NH₂, -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁹, for example —CH₂C(═O)—R⁹ and     R⁹ is 1-pyrrolidinyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, for example     —CH₂—C≡C— (2-imidazolyl) wherein the 2-imidazolyl is substituted in     the 1 position by —CH₃ or —CH₂—C≡C— (5-imidazolyl) wherein the     5-imidazolyl is substituted in the 1 position by —CH₃, -   C₂₋₆alkenyl, for example —CH₂—CH═CH₂, -   C₂₋₆alkynyl, for example —CH₂—C≡C—H -   C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)—, for example     —CH₂C(═O)—CH₂OCH₃, or -   R¹³

In one embodiment the compound of formula (I) or formula (I⁰) is a compound of formula (I⁰′):

including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof; and a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof, wherein n, R² and R³ are as defined herein.

In one embodiment the compound of formula (I) or formula (I⁰) is a compound of formula (I⁰″)

including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof; and a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof, wherein R² and R³ are as defined herein.

In one embodiment the compound of formula (I) or formula (I⁰) is a compound of formula (I⁰′″)

including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof; and a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof, wherein R³ is as defined herein.

In one embodiment there is provided a compound of formula (I^(0′″)) wherein R³ is as defined in any of the embodiments above, in particular as defined at pages 86 line 20 to page 92 line 17.

In one embodiment the compound of formula (I) is a compound wherein one R^(1a) is selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino or —NH(C₃₋₈cycloalkyl), cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, and C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more fluoro atoms; and the other R^(1a) is selected from C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄ alkyl)amino or —NH(C₃₋₈cycloalkyl), cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, and C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more fluoro atoms; and wherein n, R¹, R² and R³ are as defined herein.

In one embodiment the compound of formula (I) is a compound wherein each R^(1a) is independently selected from C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino or —NH(C₃₋₈cycloalkyl), cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, and C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more fluoro atoms; and the other R^(1a) is selected from C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino or —NH(C₃₋₈cycloalkyl), cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, and C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more fluoro atoms; and wherein n, R¹, R² and R³ are as defined herein.

In one embodiment the compound of formula (I) is a compound wherein each R^(1a) is hydrogen; and wherein n, R¹, R² and R³ are as defined herein.

In one embodiment every alkyl group within the R³ definition is a C₁₋₄alkyl group.

In one embodiment every alkyl group within the R³ definition is a linear C₁₋₆alkyl group, in particular a linear C₁₋₄alkyl group.

In one embodiment the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I′):

including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof; and a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof, wherein n, R^(1a), R² and R³ are as defined herein.

In one embodiment the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I″)

including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof; and a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof, wherein R^(1a), R² and R³ are as defined herein.

In one embodiment the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I′″)

including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof; and a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof, wherein R^(1a) and R³ is as defined herein.

In one embodiment there is provided a compound of formula (I), (I′), (I″), (I′″), (I⁰), (I⁰′) (I^(0″)) or (I^(0′″)) wherein every alkyl group within the R³ definition is a linear C₁₋₆alkyl group. In one embodiment there is provided a compound of formula (I), (I′), (I″), (I′″), (I⁰), (I⁰′), (I^(0″)) or (I^(0′″)) wherein every alkyl group within the R³ definition is a C₁₋₄alkyl group. In one embodiment there is provided a compound of formula (I), (I′), (I″), (I″), (I′″), (I⁰), (I⁰′), (I^(0″)) or (I^(0′″)) wherein every alkyl group within the R³ definition is a linear C₁₋₄alkyl group.

For the avoidance of doubt, it is to be understood that each general and specific preference, embodiment and example for one substituent may be combined with each general and specific preference, embodiment and example for one or more, preferably, all other substituents as defined herein and that all such embodiments are embraced by this application.

Methods for the Preparation of Compounds of Formula (I)

In this section, as in all other sections of this application unless the context indicates otherwise, references to formula (I) also include all other sub-groups and examples thereof as defined herein.

In general, compounds of formula (I) can be prepared according to the following reaction Scheme 1.

In scheme 1, an intermediate of formula (IV) is prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (II) wherein W₁ and W₂, each independently represent a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. chloro or bromo and the like, with an intermediate of formula (III) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) or palladium (II) acetate, a suitable base, such as for example sodium carbonate, a suitable ligand, such as for example triphenylphosphine, and a suitable solvent or solvent mixture, such as for example ethylene glycol dimethylether and water. An intermediate of formula (II) wherein W₁ is chloro and W₂ is bromo can be prepared by reacting 7-bromo-2(1H)-quinoxalinone with phosphorus oxychloride, or alternatively with thionyl chloride and N,N-dimethylformamide in a suitable solvent, such as, for example toluene. An intermediate of formula (IV) can also be prepared by reacting 7-bromo-2-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxaline with an intermediate W₁₀—R¹ wherein W¹⁰ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like. An intermediate of formula (IV) wherein the R¹ substituent carries a suitable protective group can be prepared according to the same protocol but wherein 7-bromo-2-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxaline is reacted with an intermediate W₁₀—R¹—P wherein P represents a suitable protective group, such as for example —C(═O)—O—C(CH₃)₃. The intermediate of formula (IV) is then further reacted in a next step with an intermediate of formula (V) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II) acetate, a suitable base, such as sodium tert-butoxide or Cs₂CO₃, a suitable ligand, such as for example 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine], and a suitable solvent or solvent mixture, such as for example dioxane or ethylene glycol dimethylether and water, resulting in an intermediate of formula (VI). Said intermediate of formula (VI) can then be reacted with an intermediate of formula (VII) wherein W₃ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and wherein R^(x) and R^(y) represent C₁₋₄alkyl, and R^(z) represent C₁₋₄alkyl or phenyl, for instance R^(x) and R^(y) represent CH₃ and R^(z) represents C(CH₃)₃ or phenyl, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide or N,N-dimethylacetamide, resulting in an intermediate of formula (VIII). Intermediates of formula (VIII) or intermediates of formula (VIII) wherein the R¹ substituent carries a suitable protective group can also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (IV) or an intermediate of formula (IV) wherein the R¹ substituent carries a suitable protective group with an intermediate of formula (XXIII′) wherein R^(3a′) represent —C₁₋₆alkyl-O—Si(R^(x))(R^(y))(R^(z)) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II) acetate, a suitable ligand, such as for example racemic-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphtyl, a suitable base, such as for example Cs₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example 1,2-dimethoxyethane. Intermediates of formula (VIII) can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents —C₁₋₆alkyl-OH, said compounds being represented by formula (I-a) or compounds of formula (I-a) wherein the R¹ substituent carries a suitable protective group by reaction with tetrabutylammonium fluoride in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran. This type of reaction can also be performed in the presence of a suitable acid, such as for example acetic acid or HCl, and a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofurane or dioxane. Alternatively, an intermediate of formula (VI) can react with an intermediate of formula (VII′) wherein W₃ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide or N,N-dimethylacetamide, resulting in an intermediate of formula (XXV) which can then be deprotected in the presence of a suitable acid, such as for example HCl, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. methanol or isopropanol, to give a compound of formula (I-a). The compounds of formula (I-a) or compounds of formula (I-a) wherein the R¹ substituent carries a suitable protective group can be reacted with methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, diisopropylethanamine or N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane or tetrahydrofuran to result in an intermediate of formula (IX) (mesylate derivative) or an intermediate of formula (IX′) (chloride derivative) or intermediates of formula (IX) or (IX′) wherein the R¹ substituent carries a suitable protective group. Intermediates of formula (IX) or (IX′) can then be reacted with an intermediate of formula (X) to obtain a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with NR¹⁰R¹¹, said compounds being represented by formula (I-b) or compounds of formula (I-b) wherein the R¹ substituent carries a suitable protective group. This reaction may optionally be performed in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, K₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃ or sodium hydride and optionally a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, N,N-dimethylformamide, 1-methyl-pyrrolidinone, a suitable alcohol, e.g. 1-butanol and the like. This type of reaction can also be performed with a suitable salt of the intermediate of formula (X), e.g. HCl salt of intermediate of formula (X), or may be performed in the presence of potassium iodide. In this way compounds wherein R³ represents iodoC₁₋₆alkyl can be obtained. Compounds of formula (I-b) wherein the R¹ substituent carries a suitable protective group can be converted in a compound of formula (I-b) by reaction with a suitable acid, such as for example trifluoroacetic acid, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.

Intermediates of formula (IX) can also react with a suitable nitrogen containing ring within the definition of R⁹, said ring being represented by formula (XXI) or a suitable salt of an intermediate of formula (XXI), in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, or an alcohol, e.g. 1-butanol, optionally in the presence of potassium iodide or a suitable base, such as for example Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃ or triethylamine, resulting in a compound of formula (I-d). Intermediates of formula (IX) can also react with an intermediate of formula (X-a) wherein P represents a suitable protective group, such as for example —C(═O)—O—C(CH₃)₃, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dimethylacetamide, resulting in an intermediate of formula (XXX) which can be deprotected to a compound of formula (I-b-1) in the presence of a suitable acid, such as for example HCl or trifluoroacetic acid, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane or an alcohol, e.g. methanol. Intermediates of formula (XXX) can also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (VI) with an intermediate of formula W₆—C₁₋₆ alkyl-NR¹⁰P wherein W₆ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like, or —O—S(═O)₂—CH₃, and P is as defined above, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, e.g. N,N-dimethylformamide or N,N-dimethylacetamide. Alternatively compounds of formula (I-d) or (1-b-1) can also be prepared by reacting respectively an intermediate of formula (VI) with an intermediate of formula W₆—C₁₋₆alkyl-Ncycle or W₆—C₁₋₆alkyl-NHR¹⁰ wherein W₆ is as defined above.

Intermediates of formula (VI) can react with W₆—R^(3a) wherein W₆ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like, or —O—S(═O)₂—CH₃, and R^(3a) represents optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkyl, such as for example —CH₂—C₃H₅, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride or Cs₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide or acetonitrile, resulting in a compound of formula (I-c). In this way, compounds of formula (I-c) wherein R³ represents —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂ can also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (VI) with dimethylsulfamoyl chloride, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaH, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide.

Compounds of formula (I-c) wherein R^(3a) represents —CH₂—C(OH)(R′)(R″) wherein R′ represents optionally substituted C₁₋₄alkyl and R″ represents hydrogen or optionally substituted C₁₋₄alkyl, said compounds being represented by formula (I-c-1), can be prepared by reacting the intermediate of formula (VI) with an intermediate of formula (XXII) in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, Cs₂CO₃, or potassium hydroxide, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile or water.

Intermediates of formula (IV) can also react with an intermediate of formula (XXIII) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II) acetate or tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0), a suitable base, such as for example sodium tert-butoxide, a suitable ligand, such as for example 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine] or 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′-(N,N-dimethylamino)biphenyl, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dioxane, resulting in a compound of formula (I-c).

Compounds of formula (I-b) wherein R¹¹ is C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with amino, said compounds being represented by formula (I-b-2), can also be prepared according to the following reaction Scheme 1A.

In Scheme 1A, a compound of formula (I-b-1) is reacted with N-(3-bromopropyl)phtalimide in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example potassium carbonate, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile, resulting in an intermediate of formula (XXXVI) which can be converted into a compound of formula (I-b-2) by reaction with hydrazine in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol.

Compounds of formula (I-b) wherein R¹ is hydrogen, said compounds being represented by formula (I-b-3) can be prepared according to reaction Scheme 1A1.

In Scheme 1A1, an intermediate of formula (I-a-1) is reacted with methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane resulting in an intermediate of formula (IX-1) wherein R^(u) represents —O—S(═O)₂—CH₃, which is converted into a compound of formula (I-b-3) by reaction with an intermediate of formula (X) in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile.

It is considered to be within the knowledge of the person skilled in the art to recognize in which condition and for which definitions of R^(1a) in the reactions of Scheme 1a and Scheme 1a1 a protective group may be appropriate for the reactions to be carried out. For instance, a hydroxyl group within the definition of R^(1a) may be protected with a tert. butyldimethylsilyl moiety; a NH group within the definition of R^(1a) may be protected with a —C(═O)—O—C(CH₃)₃ group.

It is also considered to be within the knowledge of the person skilled in the art to recognize appropriate deprotection reactions.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents optionally substituted C₂₋₆alkynyl, said compounds being represented by formula (I-k), can be prepared according to reaction Scheme 1B.

In Scheme 1B, an intermediate of formula (VI) is reacted with an intermediate of formula W—R^(3b) wherein R^(3b) represents optionally substituted C₂₋₆alkynyl and W₁₁ represents a suitable leaving group such as for example halo, e.g. chloro, or —O—S(═O)₂—CH₃, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaH, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide. The intermediate W₁₁—R^(3b) wherein W₁₁ represents —O—S(═O)₂—CH₃, can be prepared by reacting the corresponding alcohol derivative with methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine or 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.

Compounds of formula (I-k), wherein R^(3b) represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with hydroxyl, said compounds being represented by formula (I-k-1), can be prepared according to the following reaction Scheme 1C.

In Scheme 10, an intermediate of formula (VI) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (XXXVIII) in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaH, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,n-dimethylformamide, resulting in an intermediate of formula (VIII′), which is converted into a compound of formula (I-k-1) by reaction with a suitable acid, such as for example trifluoroacetic acid, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.

Compounds of formula (I-k), wherein R^(3b) represents C₂₋₆alkynyl, said compounds being represented by formula (I-k-2), can be prepared according to the following reaction Scheme 1D.

In Scheme 1D, a compound of formula (I-k-2) is prepared by deprotecting an intermediate of formula (XXXXII) in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. methanol and the like. Said intermediate of formula (XXXXII) can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (VI) with W₁₃—C₂₋₆alkynyl-Si(CH₃)₃ in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaH, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide.

Compounds of formula (I), wherein R³ represents ethyl substituted with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆alkyl)₂, said compounds being represented by formula (I-I), can be prepared according to the following reaction Scheme 1E.

In scheme 1E, an intermediate of formula (VI) is reacted with di(C₁₋₆alkyl)vinylphosphonate in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tri-N-butylphosphine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile resulting in a compound of formula (I-I).

Intermediates of formula (VI) can also be prepared according to the following reaction Scheme 2.

In Scheme 2, an intermediate of formula (XII) is prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XI) wherein W₁ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. chloro and the like, with an intermediate of formula (III) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0), a suitable base, such as for example Na₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent or solvent mixture, such as for example ethylene glycol dimethylether and water. The intermediate of formula (XII) is hydrogenated in a next step to an intermediate of formula (XIII) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example Nickel, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. methanol, or tetrahydrofuran, or mixtures thereof. Intermediates of formula (XIII) can also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (IV) with NH₄OH in the presence of Cu₂O. In a next step, the intermediate of formula (XIII) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (XIV) wherein W₅ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like, in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II) acetate, a suitable base, such as for example sodium tert-butoxide, a suitable ligand, such as for example 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine], and a suitable solvent, such as for example ethylene glycol dimethyl ether or dioxane, resulting in an intermediate of formula (VI). This reaction may also be performed in the presence of Pd₂(dba)₃ as catalyst, Xphos as ligand, a suitable base, such as for example Cs₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. butanol.

Intermediates of formula (IV) wherein R¹ is hydrogen can be converted into an intermediate of formula (IV) wherein R¹ is other than hydrogen, said R¹ being represented by R^(1′), by reaction with W₁₄—R^(1′) wherein W₁₄ is a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaH, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide.

Intermediates of formula (VI) can alternatively also be prepared according to the following reaction Scheme 3.

In Scheme 3, an intermediate of formula (XV) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (V) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II) acetate, a suitable base, such as for example sodium tert-butoxide, a suitable ligand, such as for example 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine], and a suitable solvent, such as for example ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, resulting in an intermediate of formula (XVI). In a next step, the intermediate of formula (XVI) is reacted with P(═O)Cl₃ or chlorosuccinimide, optionally in the presence of a solvent, such as for example acetonitrile, resulting in an intermediate of formula (XVII) which is converted into an intermediate of formula (VI) by reaction with an intermediate of formula (III) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) or tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0), a suitable base, such as for example Na₂CO₃ or K₃PO₄, optionally in the presence of a suitable ligand, such as for example 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl, and a suitable solvent, such as for example ethylene glycol dimethylether.

In the above reaction, an intermediate of formula (III) can react in its protected form, such as for example

The resulting protected intermediate of formula (VI) can be converted into the deprotected C₁₋₆alkyl-OH intermediate by reaction with tetrabutylammonium fluoride, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran. Said C₁₋₆alkyl-OH can be converted into C₁₋₆alkyl-NH₂ by first reacting the C₁₋₆alkyl-OH with methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane, followed by reacting the obtained intermediate with di-tert-butyl-iminocarboxylate in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaH, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide, followed by reaction with a suitable acid, such as for example trifluoroacetic acid, in a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.

Intermediates of formula (VIII) can alternatively also be prepared according to the following reaction Scheme 4.

In Scheme 4, an intermediate of formula (XVII) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (VII) in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide, resulting in an intermediate of formula (XVIII). The intermediate of formula (XVIII) can then be reacted with an intermediate of formula (III) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example Pd₂(dba)₃, a suitable base, such as for example K₃PO₄, a suitable ligand, such as for example 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-dimethoxy-biphenyl or S-Phos, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dioxane or water or mixtures thereof.

Intermediates of formula (VIII′) can be prepared according to the following reaction Scheme 4A.

In Scheme 4A, an intermediate of formula (XVIII) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (XXXVII) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenylphisphine)palladium (0), and a suitable solvent, such as for example toluene.

Intermediates of formula (VIII′) can be further reacted according to the following reaction Scheme 4B.

In Scheme 4B, intermediates of formula (VIII′) wherein R¹ represents hydrogen, said intermediates being represented by formula (VIII′-a), can be converted into an intermediate of formula (VIII′) wherein R¹ represents haloC₁₋₆alkyl, said intermediates being represented by formula (VIII′-b) by reaction with W₁₂—C₁₋₆alkyl-halo wherein W₁₂ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. chloro, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaH, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide. Said intermediates of formula (VIII′-b) can be converted into an intermediate of formula (VIII′-c) wherein R¹ represents an optionally substituted R⁶, by reaction with optionally substituted R⁶ in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile. When in an intermediate of formula (VIII′-c) the R⁶ carries a hydroxyl group as in an intermediate of formula (VIII′-c-1), then said hydroxyl group can be protected by a suitable protective group P, such as for example —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, by reaction with C₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)—W₁₂, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane, resulting in an intermediate of formula (VIII′-c-2) which can be converted into an intermediate of formula (XXXIX) by reaction with tetrabutylammonium fluoride in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran. Said intermediate of formula (XXXIX) can be converted into an intermediate of formula (XXXX) by reaction with methansulfonyl chloride in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane, which can be converted into an intermediate of formula (XXXXI) by reaction with an intermediate of formula (X) in a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile. Said intermediate of formula (XXXXI) can then be deprotected into a compound of formula (I-b-4) in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. methanol and the like.

Intermediates of formula (VIII′) can also be reacted to prepare compounds of the present invention according to the reaction schemes as presented in Scheme 1. It is considered to be within the knowledge of the person skilled in the art to recognize in which condition and for which definitions of R^(1a) a protective group may be appropriate for the reactions to be carried out. For instance, a hydroxyl group within the definition of R^(1a) may be protected with a tert. butyldimethylsilyl moiety; a NH group within the definition of R^(1a) may be protected with a —C(═O)—O—C(CH₃)₃ group.

It is also considered to be within the knowledge of the person skilled in the art to recognize appropriate deprotection reactions.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkyl, said compounds being represented by formula (I-c), can also be prepared according to the below reaction Scheme 5.

In Scheme 5, an intermediate of formula (XVII) is reacted with W₆—R^(3a) wherein W₆ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like, and R^(3a) represents optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkyl, such as for example —CH₂—C₃H₅, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide, resulting in an intermediate of formula (XIX). In a next step, the intermediate of formula (XIX) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (III) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenyl)phosphine palladium or Pd₂(dba)₃ (tris(dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0)), a suitable ligand, such as 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl, a suitable base, such as for example Na₂CO₃ or K₃PO₄, and a suitable solvent, such as for example ethylene glycol dimethylether or dioxane or water.

Compounds of formula (I-c) can alternatively also be prepared according to the below reaction Scheme 6.

In Scheme 6, an intermediate of formula (IV) is reacted with R^(3a)—NH₂ in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II) acetate, a suitable base, such as for example sodium tert-butoxide, and a suitable ligand, such as for example 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine], resulting in an intermediate of formula (XX) which is reacted in a next step with an intermediate of formula (XIV) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II) acetate or Pd₂(dba)₃ (tris(dibenzylidene acetone) dipalladium (0)), a suitable ligand such as for example 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-tris-isopropyl-biphenyl or 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine], a suitable base, such as for example sodium tert-butoxide, and a suitable solvent, such as for example ethylene glycol dimethylether.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ is C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with 5-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazolyl can be prepared according to the below reaction Scheme 7.

In Scheme 7, a compound of formula (I-h) is reacted with NH₂—NH₂ in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol resulting in an intermediate of formula (XXXI) which is then reacted in a next step with W₈—CN, wherein W₈ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaHCO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example water or dioxane.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ is C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with 3,3-dimethyl-morpholine can be prepared according to the below reaction Scheme 7.A

In Scheme 7A, a compound of formula (I-j″) is reacted with 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaH and in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide resulting in an intermediate of formula (XXXII) of which the NH₂ moiety is protected by a suitable protecting group P, such as for example —C(═O)—O—C(CH3)₃, by reaction with for instance di-tert-butyl dicarbonate in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dioxane, and a suitable base, such as for example NaHCO3, resulting in an intermediate of formula (XXXIII). In a next step, said intermediate is reacted with methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane, and a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine resulting in an intermediate of formula (XXXIV) which is converted into an intermediate of formula (XXXV) by reaction with a suitable acid, such as for example trifluoroacetic acid, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane. The intermediate of formula (XXXV) is converted into a compound of formula (I-j′) by reaction with a suitable base, such as for example N,N-diisopropylethylamine and triethylamine in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. methanol.

As already shown above, compounds of formula (I) or some of the above-described intermediates can be prepared by deprotecting the corresponding protected compounds. Other protection-deprotection reactions are shown in the following reaction Scheme 8.

In Scheme 8, compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, said compounds being represented by formula (I-e), can be prepared by deprotecting an intermediate of formula (XXVI) in the presence of a suitable acid, such as for example HCl or trifluoroacetic acid, or a suitable de-silylating agent, such as for example tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride, and a suitable solvent, such as an alcohol, e.g. methanol, or tetrahydrofuran. Intermediates of formula (XXVI) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ is hydrogen, said compounds being represented by formula (I-f), with an intermediate of formula (XXIV) wherein W9 represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like, and P represents a suitable protective group, such as for example —O—Si(CH₃)₂(C(CH₃)₃) or

in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride or K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile. Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶ wherein R⁶ is an appropriate nitrogen containing ring linked to the C(═O) moiety via the nitrogen atom, said compounds being represented by formula (I-g), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXIX) with an intermediate of formula (XXI) in the presence of suitable peptide coupling reagents such as, 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide HCl. Intermediates of formula (XXIX) can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXVIII) with LiOH in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran or water. Intermediates of formula (XXVIII) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (I-f) with an intermediate of formula (XXVII) wherein W9 is as defined above, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide.

Compounds of formula (I-i) can be prepared starting from an intermediate of formula (XXIX) by reaction with NHR⁴R⁵ in the presence of suitable peptide coupling reagents such as 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide HCl and a suitable base, such as triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.

Further protection-deprotection reactions can also be used as outlined in the following reaction Scheme 9.

In Scheme 9, the following reaction conditions apply:

A; in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide. B: in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II)acetate, a suitable base, such as for example sodium tert-butoxide, a suitable ligand, such as for example 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine], and a suitable solvent, such as for example dioxane or ethylene glycol dimethylether. C: in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II)acetate, a suitable base, such as for example sodium tert-butoxide, a suitable ligand, such as for example 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine], and a suitable solvent, such as for example dioxane or ethylene glycol dimethylether. D: in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane. E: in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. F: in the presence of hydrazine monohydrate, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol. G: in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.

It is considered to be within the knowledge of the person skilled in the art to recognize in which condition and on which part of the molecule a protective group may be appropriate. For instance, protective group on the R¹ substituent or on the pyrrazole moiety, or protective group on the R³ substituent or on the R² substituent or combinations thereof. The skilled person is also considered to be able to recognize the most feasible protective group, such as for example —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₄alkyl or

or O—Si(CH₃)₂(C(CH₃)₃) or —CH₂—O—CH₂CH₂—O—CH₃.

The present invention also comprises deuterated compounds. These deuterated compounds may be prepared by using the appropriate deuterated intermediates during the synthesis process. For instance an intermediate of formula (IV-a)

can be converted into an intermediate of formula (IV-b)

by reaction with iodomethane-D3 in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example cesium carbonate, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile.

The compounds of formula (I) may also be converted into each other via art-known reactions or functional group transformations.

For instance, compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents tetrahydropyranyl can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents hydrogen, by reaction with a suitable acid, such as for example HCl or trifluoroacetic acid, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane, dioxane, or an alcohol, e.g. methanol, isopropanol and the like.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represent monohaloalkyl, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represent C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with a ring moiety as defined hereinabove by the intermediate of formula (XXI) and linked to the C₁₋₆alkyl moiety by the nitrogen atom, by reaction with an intermediate of formula (XXI) optionally in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine or K₂CO₃ or sodium hydride, and optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl-OH, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represent C₁₋₆alkyl-F by reaction with diethylaminosulfur trifluoride in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane and in the presence of catalytic amounts of an alcohol, such as for example ethanol. Likewise, a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represent C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶ or R⁹ wherein said R⁶ or R⁹ is substituted with OH, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represent C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶ or R⁹ wherein said R⁶ or R⁹ is substituted with F, by reaction with diethylaminosulfur trifluoride in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represent C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶ or R⁹ wherein said R⁶ or R⁹ is substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represent C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶ or R⁹ wherein said R⁶ or R⁹ is substituted with —CH₂—OH, by reaction with LiAlH₄ in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with 1,3-dioxo-2H-isoindol-2-yl, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with amino, by reaction with hydrazine monohydrate in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represent C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with amino, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, by reaction with Cl—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with halo, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represent C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with NR⁴R⁵ or NR¹⁰R¹¹, by reaction with NR⁴R⁵ or NHR¹⁰R¹¹, either using such amino in large excess or in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylacetamide or 1-methyl-pyrrolidinone.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents hydrogen, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents polyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl or polyhydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl or —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵ or —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, by reaction with polyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl-W or polyhydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl-W or C₁₋₆alkyl-W or W—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵ or W—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆ alkyl, wherein W represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride or K₂CO₃ or triethylamine or 4-dimethylamino-pyridine or diisopropylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile or dichloromethane. Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents hydrogen can also be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl-OH, by reaction with W—C₁₋₆alkyl-O—Si(CH₃)₂(C(CH₃)₃) in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide. Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents hydrogen, can also be converted into compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents ethyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆ alkyl, by reaction with C₁₋₆alkyl-vinylsulfone, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. methanol or by reaction with C₁₋₆alkyl-2-bromoethylsulfone in the presence of a suitable deprotonating agent, such as for example NaH, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dimethyformamide.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents hydrogen can also be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents —CH₂—CHOH—CH₂

by reaction with

in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide, wherein

represents a suitable nitrogen containing ring within the definition of R⁶.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶ wherein said R⁶ is substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl or —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵ or wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹ wherein said R⁹ is substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl or —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein the R⁶ or R⁹ is unsubstituted, by reaction with a suitable acid, such as for example HCl and a suitable solvent, such as for example dioxane, acetonitrile or an alcohol, e.g. isopropylalcohol. Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶ wherein said R⁶ is a ring moiety comprising a nitrogen atom which is substituted with —CH₂—OH or wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹ wherein said R⁹ is a ring moiety comprising a nitrogen atom which is substituted with —CH₂—OH, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein the R⁶ or R⁹ is unsubstituted, by reaction with sodium hydroxide, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶ or R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, wherein said R⁶ or said R⁹ is unsubstituted, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein said R⁶ or said R⁹ is substituted with C₁₋₆alkyl, by reaction with W—C₁₋₆alkyl wherein W is as defined above, in the presence of a suitable base. Such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ or R³ represent hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, can be converted into the corresponding carbonyl compound, by reaction with dess-Martin-periodinane, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶ or R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, wherein said R⁶ or said R⁹ is substituted with C₁₋₆alkyl-halo, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein said R⁶ or said R⁹ is substituted with C₁₋₆alkyl-CN, by reaction with sodium cyanide, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example water or an alcohol, e.g. ethanol.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶ wherein said R⁶ is unsubstituted or wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹ wherein said R⁹ is unsubstituted, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R⁶ or R⁹ is substituted with —CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂, by reaction with formaldehyde or acetone and NaBH₃CN, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran or an alcohol, e.g. methanol.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ contains a R⁶ substituent substituted with OH or wherein R³ contains a R⁹ substituent substituted with OH, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein the R⁶ or R⁹ substituent is substituted with C₁₋₆alkyloxy, by reaction with W—C₁₋₆alkyl, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide. Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ contains a R⁶ substituent substituted with C₁₋₆alkyloxy or wherein R³ contains a R⁹ substituent substituted with C₁₋₆alkyloxy, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein the R⁶ or R⁹ substituent is substituted with —OH by reaction with a suitable acid, such as for example hydrochloric acid. Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ contains a R⁶ substituent substituted with halo or wherein R³ contains a R⁹ substituent substituted with halo can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein the R⁶ or R⁹ substituent is substituted with NR¹⁴R¹⁵ by reaction with NHR¹⁴R¹⁵ in a suitable solvent, such as for example 1-methyl-pyrrolidinone. Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with COOH, by reaction with LiOH in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran. Said compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with COOH, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NH₂ or C(═O)—NHCH₃ or —C(═O)NR¹⁰R¹¹, by reaction with NH(Si(CH₃)₃)₂ or MeNH₃ ⁺Cl⁻ or NHR¹⁰R¹¹ in the presence of suitable peptide coupling reagents such as for example 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide HCl and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine and a suitable solvent such as for example dichloromethane or N,N-dimethylformamide. Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, can also be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with 2-imidazolyl, by reaction under N₂ with ethylenediamine and trimethylaluminium in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example toluene and heptane. This compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with 2-imidazolyl, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NH—(CH₂)₂—NH₂ by reaction with sodium hydroxide. Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with COOH, can also be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—N(CH₃)(OCH₃) by reaction with dimethylhydroxylamine, in the presence of carbonyldiimidazole and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with

can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with 2 OH's, by reaction with a suitable acid, such as for example trifluoroacetic acid, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dioxane or water. These compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with

can also be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with OH and NR¹⁰R¹¹, by reaction with NH₂R¹⁰R¹¹ optionally in salt form, such as for example NHR¹⁰R¹¹⁺Cl⁻, L, optionally in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride or Na₂CO₃ or triethylamine or KI, and in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide or an alcohol, e.g. 1-butanol or ethanol.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₃alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₃alkyl substituted with —C(CH₃)₂—OH, by reaction with iodomethane and Mg powder, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example diethylether or tetrahydrofuran.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₅alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —OH, by reaction with LiAlH₄ in a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₅alkyl substituted with —OH, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₅alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl by reaction with Cl—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaH, and a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents —CH₂—CH═CH₂, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents —CH₂—CHOH—CH₂—OH, by reaction with potassium permanganate, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetone or water.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₄alkyl, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(C₁₋₄alkyl)=N—OH, by reaction with hydroxylamine, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example pyridine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with NH₂, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—C(═O)—R⁶ or with —NH—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl or with —NH—C(═O)-polyhydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl or with —NH—C(═O)-polyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl or with —NH—C(═O)-polyhydroxypolyhaloCvalkyl, by reaction with the corresponding COOH analogue, e.g. R⁶—COOH or CF₃—C(CH₃)(OH)—COOH and the like, in the presence of suitable peptide coupling reagents such as 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole and 1-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide optionally in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine. Said compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with NH₂, can also be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with NH—C(═O)—CF₃, by reaction with trifluoroacetic anhydride, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran. Said compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with NH₂, can also be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH-polyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, e.g. —NH—CH₂—CH₂—F, by reaction with polyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl-W, with W as defined above, e.g. iodo-2-fluoroethane, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide or dioxane.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with cyano, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with tetrazolyl by reaction with sodium azide, and NH₄ ⁺Cl⁻ in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents —CH2-C≡CH can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents

by reaction with ethyl azidoacetate in the presence of CuI and a suitable base, such as for example diisopropylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example tetraydrofuran.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents —CH2-C≡CH, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents

by reaction with sodium azide and formaldehyde, in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example CuSO₄ and sodium L ascorbate, a suitable acid, such as for example acetic acid, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dioxane.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represent C₂₋₆alkynyl, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, by reaction with W—R⁹ wherein W is as defined above, in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, a suitable co-catalyst such as CuI, a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dimethylsulfoxide.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ comprises R⁹ substituted with halo, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ comprises R⁹ substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ by reaction with NHR¹⁴R¹⁵ in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ comprises C₂₋₆alkynyl, can be hydrogenated into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ comprises C₂₋₆alkyl in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium on charcoal, and a suitable solvent, such as for example ethylacetate.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ comprises C₂₋₆alkynyl, can be hydrogenated into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ comprises C₂₋₆alkenyl in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example Lindlar catalyst, and a suitable solvent, such as for example ethylacetate.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆alkyl)₂ can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OH)₂ by reaction with bromotrimethylsilane in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein the R⁹ substituent is substituted with ═O, can be converted into the corresponding reduced R⁹ substituent by reaction with a suitable reducing agent, such as for example LiAlH₄ in a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ comprises —NHR¹⁰ can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ comprises —NR¹⁰—(C═O)-optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkyl, by reaction with the corresponding W—(C═O)-optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkyl wherein W represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. chloro and the like, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with NR¹⁰(benzyl) can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with NHR¹⁰, by reaction with 1-chloroethylchloroformate in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents unsubstituted piperidine, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents 1-methyl-piperidine, by reaction with iodomethane in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example potassium carbonate, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents hydrogen can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R¹ represents optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkyl, by reaction with optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkyl-W wherein W represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example potassium carbonate, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R² represents halo, e.g. bromo, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R² represents cyano, by reaction with zinc cyanide, in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example Pd₂(dba)₃ and a suitable ligand, such as for example 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide.

Said R² substituent being cyano can be converted into —CH₂—NH₂ by hydrogenation in the presence of NH₃ and Nickel.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R² represents —OCH₃ can be converted into a compounds of formula (I) wherein R² represents —OH by reaction with boron tribromide in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R² represents —OH can be converted into a compounds of formula (I) wherein R² represents —OCH₃ by reaction with methyl iodine in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example potassium carbonate, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein R² represents hydrogen, can be converted into a compound of formula (I) wherein R² represents —CHOH—CF₃ by reaction with trifluoroacetaldehyde methyl hemiketal.

A further aspect of the invention is a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) as defined herein, which process comprises:

(i) deprotecting a compound of formula (XXX) wherein P represents a suitable protective group, such as for example a butyloxycarbonyl-group (—CO₂C(CH₃)₃) in the presence of a suitable acid, such as for example HCl or trifluoroacetic acid;

or (ii) the reaction of a compound of the formula (IX) or (IX′):

or a protected form thereof, with an appropriately substituted amine or a reactive derivative thereof, such as for example NHR¹⁰R¹¹ (X), NHR¹⁰P (X-a) or

for example in a sealed vessel, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride and/or in the presence or absence of a solvent such as acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide or N,N-dimethylacetamide; or (iii) the reaction of a compound of the formula (VI):

or a protected form thereof, with a compound of formula W₆—C₁₋₆alkyl-NR¹⁰P wherein P represents a suitable protective group and W6 represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like, or —O—S(═O)₂—CH₃, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, e.g. N,N-dimethylformamide or N,N-dimethylacetamide, followed by removing P and optionally removing any further protecting group present; or (iv) the reaction of a compound of the formula (VI):

or a protected thereof, with a compound of formula W₆—C₁₋₆alkyl-NHR¹⁰ wherein W₆ represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo and the like, or —O—S(═O)₂—CH₃, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride, and a suitable solvent, e.g. N,N-dimethylformamide or N,N-dimethylacetamide; (v) the reaction of a compound of formula (XXXVI)

with hydrazine in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol; (vi) the reaction of a compound of formula (IX-1) wherein R^(u) represents —O—S(═O)₂—CH₃,

with an intermediate of formula (X) in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile; (vii) the reaction of a compound of formula (VI)

with an intermediate of formula W₁₁—R^(3b) wherein R^(3b) represents optionally substituted C₂₋₆alkynyl and W₁₁ represents a suitable leaving group such as for example halo, e.g. chloro, or —O—S(═O)₂—CH₃, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaH, and a suitable solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide; (viii) the reaction of a compound of formula (VIII′) wherein R^(x) and R^(y) represent C₁₋₄alkyl, and R^(z) represent C₁₋₄alkyl or phenyl,

with a suitable acid, such as for example trifluoroacetic acid, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran; (viii) deprotecting a compound of formula (XXXXII)

in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. methanol and the like; (ix) the reaction of a compound of formula (VI)

with di(C₁₋₆alkyl)vinylphosphonate in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tri-N-butylphosphine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetonitrile; (x) deprotecting a compound of formula (XXXXI)

in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. methanol and the like; (xi) the reaction of a compound of formula (XIX) with a compound of formula (III)

in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenyl)phosphine palladium or Pd₂(dba)₃ (tris(dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0)), a suitable ligand, such as 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl, a suitable base, such as for example Na₂CO₃ or K₃PO₄, and a suitable solvent, such as for example ethylene glycol dimethylether or dioxane or water; (xii) the reaction of a compound of formula (XX) wherein R^(3a) represents optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkyl, with a compound of formula (XIV)

in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II) acetate or Pd₂(dba)₃ (tris(dibenzylidene acetone) dipalladium (0)), a suitable ligand such as for example 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-tris-isopropyl-biphenyl or 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine], a suitable base, such as for example sodium tert-butoxide, and a suitable solvent, such as for example ethylene glycol dimethylether; (xiii) the reaction of a compound of formula (XXXI)

with W₈—CN, wherein W8 represents a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. bromo, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example NaHCO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example water or dioxane; (xiv) the reaction of a compound of formula (XXXV)

with a suitable base, such as for example N,N-diisopropylethylamine and triethylamine, in the presence of a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. methanol; (xv) deprotecting a compound of formula (XXVI) wherein P represents a suitable protective group such as for example —O—Si(CH₃)₂(C(CH₃)₃) or

in the presence of a suitable acid, such as for example HCl or trifluoroacetic acid, or a suitable de-silylating agent, such as for example tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride, and a suitable solvent, such as an alcohol, e.g. methanol, or tetrahydrofuran; (xvi) the reaction of a compound of formula (XXIX) with a compound of formula (XXI)

in the presence of suitable peptide coupling reagents such as, 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide HCl; (xvii) the reaction of a compound of formula (XXIX)

with NHR⁴R⁵ in the presence of suitable peptide coupling reagents such as 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole and 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide HCl and a suitable base, such as triethylamine, and a suitable solvent, such as for example dichloromethane; (xviii) reacting the below compound

with NHR⁷R⁸ in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example K₂CO₃, and a suitable solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran; (xviii) deprotecting the below compound

in the presence of hydrazine monohydrate, and a suitable solvent, such as for example an alcohol, e.g. ethanol;

-   -   wherein R¹, R^(1a), R², R¹⁰, and n are as defined herein; and         optionally thereafter converting one compound of the formula (I)         into another compound of the formula (I).

A further embodiment is a process for synthesis of a compound of formula (VI) wherein:

1) a compound of formula (II) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (III) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) or palladium (II) acetate, a suitable base, such as for example sodium carbonate, a suitable ligand, such as for example triphenylphosphine, and a suitable solvent or solvent mixture, such as for example ethylene glycol dimethylether and water; wherein W₁ and W2, each independently represent a suitable leaving group, such as for example halo, e.g. chloro or bromo; and then 2) a compound of formula (IV) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (V) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium (II) acetate, a suitable base, such as sodium tert-butoxide or Cs₂CO₃, a suitable ligand, such as for example 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine], and a suitable solvent or solvent mixture, such as for example dioxane or ethylene glycol dimethylether and water; wherein optionally the intermediate of formula (II) wherein W₁ is chloro and W₂ is bromo is prepared by reacting 7-bromo-2(1H)-quinoxalinone with phosphorus oxychloride, or alternatively with thionyl chloride and N,N-dimethylformamide in a suitable solvent, such as, for example toluene; or vice versa, wherein a compound of formula (II) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (V) first and then reacted with an intermediate of formula (III) using the methods described above.

In a further embodiment the invention provides a novel intermediate. In one embodiment the invention provides a novel intermediate of formula (II)-(XXXI). In another embodiment the invention provides a novel intermediate of formula (VI) or formula (IX). In another embodiment the invention provides a compound of formula (I-a)-(I-i).

Pharmaceutically Acceptable Salts, Solvates or Derivatives Thereof

In this section, as in all other sections of this application, unless the context indicates otherwise, references to formula (I) include references to all other sub-groups, preferences, embodiments and examples thereof as defined herein.

Unless otherwise specified, a reference to a particular compound also includes ionic forms, salts, solvates, isomers, tautomers, N-oxides, esters, prodrugs, isotopes and protected forms thereof, for example, as discussed below; preferably, the ionic forms, or salts or tautomers or isomers or N-oxides or solvates thereof; and more preferably, the ionic forms, or salts or tautomers or solvates or protected forms thereof, even more preferably the salts or tautomers or solvates thereof. Many compounds of the formula (I) can exist in the form of salts, for example acid addition salts or, in certain cases salts of organic and inorganic bases such as carboxylate, sulphonate and phosphate salts. All such salts are within the scope of this invention, and references to compounds of the formula (I) include the salt forms of the compounds. It will be appreciated that references to “derivatives” include references to ionic forms, salts, solvates, isomers, tautomers, N-oxides, esters, prodrugs, isotopes and protected forms thereof.

According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a compound as defined herein or a salt, tautomer, N-oxide or solvate thereof. According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a compound as defined herein or a salt or solvate thereof. References to compounds of the formula (I) and sub-groups thereof as defined herein include within their scope the salts or solvates or tautomers or N-oxides of the compounds.

The salt forms of the compounds of the invention are typically pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts are discussed in Berge et al. (1977) “Pharmaceutically Acceptable Salts,” J. Pharm. Sci., Vol. 66, pp. 1-19. However, salts that are not pharmaceutically acceptable may also be prepared as intermediate forms which may then be converted into pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Such non-pharmaceutically acceptable salts forms, which may be useful, for example, in the purification or separation of the compounds of the invention, also form part of the invention.

The salts of the present invention can be synthesized from the parent compound that contains a basic or acidic moiety by conventional chemical methods such as methods described in Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use, P. Heinrich Stahl (Editor), Camille G. Wermuth (Editor), ISBN: 3-90639-026-8, Hardcover, 388 pages, August 2002. Generally, such salts can be prepared by reacting the free acid or base forms of these compounds with the appropriate base or acid in water or in an organic solvent, or in a mixture of the two; generally, nonaqueous media such as ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, or acetonitrile are used. The compounds of the invention may exist as mono- or di-salts depending upon the pKa of the acid from which the salt is formed.

Acid addition salts may be formed with a wide variety of acids, both inorganic and organic. Examples of acid addition salts include salts formed with an acid selected from the group consisting of acetic, 2,2-dichloroacetic, adipic, alginic, ascorbic (e.g. L-ascorbic), L-aspartic, benzenesulphonic, benzoic, 4-acetamidobenzoic, butanoic, (+) camphoric, camphor-sulphonic, (+)-(1S)-camphor-10-sulphonic, capric, caproic, caprylic, cinnamic, citric, cyclamic, dodecylsulphuric, ethane-1,2-disulphonic, ethanesulphonic, 2-hydroxyethanesulphonic, formic, fumaric, galactaric, gentisic, glucoheptonic, D-gluconic, glucuronic (e.g. D-glucuronic), glutamic (e.g. L-glutamic), α-oxoglutaric, glycolic, hippuric, hydrobromic, hydrochloric, hydriodic, isethionic, lactic (e.g. (+)-L-lactic, (±)-DL-lactic), lactobionic, maleic, malic, (−)-L-malic, malonic, (±)-DL-mandelic, methanesulphonic, naphthalenesulphonic (e.g. naphthalene-2-sulphonic), naphthalene-1,5-disulphonic, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic, nicotinic, nitric, oleic, orotic, oxalic, palmitic, pamoic, phosphoric, propionic, L-pyroglutamic, pyruvic, salicylic, 4-amino-salicylic, sebacic, stearic, succinic, sulphuric, tannic, (+)-L-tartaric, thiocyanic, toluenesulphonic (e.g. p-toluenesulphonic), undecylenic and valeric acids, as well as acylated amino acids and cation exchange resins.

One particular group of salts consists of salts formed from acetic, hydrochloric, hydriodic, phosphoric, nitric, sulphuric, citric, lactic, succinic, maleic, malic, isethionic, fumaric, benzenesulphonic, toluenesulphonic, methanesulphonic (mesylate), ethanesulphonic, naphthalenesulphonic, valeric, acetic, propanoic, butanoic, malonic, glucuronic and lactobionic acids. Another group of acid addition salts includes salts formed from acetic, adipic, ascorbic, aspartic, citric, DL-Lactic, fumaric, gluconic, glucuronic, hippuric, hydrochloric, glutamic, DL-malic, methanesulphonic, sebacic, stearic, succinic and tartaric acids.

If the compound is anionic, or has a functional group which may be anionic (e.g., —COOH may be —COO⁻), then a salt may be formed with a suitable cation. Examples of suitable inorganic cations include, but are not limited to, alkali metal ions such as Na⁺ and K⁺, alkaline earth metal cations such as Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, and other cations such as Al³⁺. Examples of suitable organic cations include, but are not limited to, ammonium ion (i.e., NH⁴⁺) and substituted ammonium ions (e.g., NH₃R⁺, NH₂R₂ ⁺, NHR₃ ⁺, NR₄ ⁺).

Examples of some suitable substituted ammonium ions are those derived from: ethylamine, diethylamine, dicyclohexylamine, triethylamine, butylamine, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, piperazine, benzylamine, phenylbenzylamine, choline, meglumine, and tromethamine, as well as amino acids, such as lysine and arginine. An example of a common quaternary ammonium ion is N(CH₃)₄ ⁺.

Where the compounds of the formula (I) contain an amine function, these may form quaternary ammonium salts, for example by reaction with an alkylating agent according to methods well known to the skilled person. Such quaternary ammonium compounds are within the scope of formula (I). Compounds of the formula (I) containing an amine function may also form N-oxides. A reference herein to a compound of the formula (I) that contains an amine function also includes the N-oxide. Where a compound contains several amine functions, one or more than one nitrogen atom may be oxidised to form an N-oxide. Particular examples of N-oxides are the N-oxides of a tertiary amine or a nitrogen atom of a nitrogen-containing heterocycle. N-Oxides can be formed by treatment of the corresponding amine with an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide or a per-acid (e.g. a peroxycarboxylic acid), see for example Advanced Organic Chemistry, by Jerry March, 4th Edition, Wiley Interscience, pages. More particularly, N-oxides can be made by the procedure of L. W. Deady (Syn. Comm. (1977), 7, 509-514) in which the amine compound is reacted with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA), for example, in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane.

The compounds of the invention may form solvates, for example with water (i.e., hydrates) or common organic solvents. As used herein, the term “solvate” means a physical association of the compounds of the present invention with one or more solvent molecules. This physical association involves varying degrees of ionic and covalent bonding, including hydrogen bonding. In certain instances the solvate will be capable of isolation, for example when one or more solvent molecules are incorporated in the crystal lattice of the crystalline solid. The term “solvate” is intended to encompass both solution-phase and isolatable solvates. Non-limiting examples of suitable solvates include compounds of the invention in combination with water, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, DMSO, ethyl acetate, acetic acid or ethanolamine and the like. The compounds of the invention may exert their biological effects whilst they are in solution.

Solvates are well known in pharmaceutical chemistry. They can be important to the processes for the preparation of a substance (e.g. in relation to their purification, the storage of the substance (e.g. its stability) and the ease of handling of the substance and are often formed as part of the isolation or purification stages of a chemical synthesis. A person skilled in the art can determine by means of standard and long used techniques whether a hydrate or other solvate has formed by the isolation conditions or purification conditions used to prepare a given compound. Examples of such techniques include thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray crystallography (e.g. single crystal X-ray crystallography or X-ray powder diffraction) and Solid State NMR (SS-NMR, also known as Magic Angle Spinning NMR or MAS-NMR). Such techniques are as much a part of the standard analytical toolkit of the skilled chemist as NMR, IR, HPLC and MS. Alternatively the skilled person can deliberately form a solvate using crystallisation conditions that include an amount of the solvent required for the particular solvate. Thereafter the standard methods described above, can be used to establish whether solvates had formed. Also encompassed by formula (I) are any complexes (e.g. inclusion complexes or clathrates with compounds such as cyclodextrins, or complexes with metals) of the compounds.

Furthermore, the compounds of the present invention may have one or more polymorph (crystalline) or amorphous forms and as such are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.

Compounds of the formula (I) may exist in a number of different geometric isomeric, and tautomeric forms and references to compounds of the formula (I) include all such forms. For the avoidance of doubt, where a compound can exist in one of several geometric isomeric or tautomeric forms and only one is specifically described or shown, all others are nevertheless embraced by formula (I). Other examples of tautomeric forms include, for example, keto-, enol-, and enolate-forms, as in, for example, the following tautomeric pairs: keto/enol (illustrated below), imine/enamine, amide/imino alcohol, amidine/enediamines, nitroso/oxime, thioketone/enethiol, and nitro/aci-nitro.

Where compounds of the formula (I) contain one or more chiral centres, and can exist in the form of two or more optical isomers, references to compounds of the formula (I) include all optical isomeric forms thereof (e.g. enantiomers, epimers and diastereoisomers), either as individual optical isomers, or mixtures (e.g. racemic mixtures) of two or more optical isomers, unless the context requires otherwise. The optical isomers may be characterised and identified by their optical activity (i.e. as + and isomers, or d and l isomers) or they may be characterised in terms of their absolute stereochemistry using the “R and S” nomenclature developed by Cahn, Ingold and Prelog, see Advanced Organic Chemistry by Jerry March, 4^(th) Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1992, pages 109-114, and see also Cahn, Ingold & Prelog (1966) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 5, 385-415. Optical isomers can be separated by a number of techniques including chiral chromatography (chromatography on a chiral support) and such techniques are well known to the person skilled in the art. As an alternative to chiral chromatography, optical isomers can be separated by forming diastereoisomeric salts with chiral acids such as (+)-tartaric acid, (−)-pyroglutamic acid, (−)-di-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid, (+)-mandelic acid, (−)-malic acid, and (−)-camphorsulphonic, separating the diastereoisomers by preferential crystallisation, and then dissociating the salts to give the individual enantiomer of the free base.

Where compounds of the formula (I) exist as two or more optical isomeric forms, one enantiomer in a pair of enantiomers may exhibit advantages over the other enantiomer, for example, in terms of biological activity. Thus, in certain circumstances, it may be desirable to use as a therapeutic agent only one of a pair of enantiomers, or only one of a plurality of diastereoisomers. Accordingly, the invention provides compositions containing a compound of the formula (I) having one or more chiral centres, wherein at least 55% (e.g. at least 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% or 95%) of the compound of the formula (I) is present as a single optical isomer (e.g. enantiomer or diastereoisomer). In one general embodiment, 99% or more (e.g. substantially all) of the total amount of the compound of the formula (I) may be present as a single optical isomer (e.g. enantiomer or diastereoisomer).

The compounds of the invention include compounds with one or more isotopic substitutions, and a reference to a particular element includes within its scope all isotopes of the element. For example, a reference to hydrogen includes within its scope ¹H, ²H (D), and ³H (T). Similarly, references to carbon and oxygen include within their scope respectively ¹²C, ¹³C and ¹⁴C and ¹⁶O and ¹⁸O. The isotopes may be radioactive or non-radioactive. In one embodiment of the invention, the compounds contain no radioactive isotopes. Such compounds are preferred for therapeutic use. In another embodiment, however, the compound may contain one or more radioisotopes. Compounds containing such radioisotopes may be useful in a diagnostic context.

Esters such as carboxylic acid esters and acyloxy esters of the compounds of formula (I) bearing a carboxylic acid group or a hydroxyl group are also embraced by formula (I). In one embodiment of the invention, formula (I) includes within its scope esters of compounds of the formula (I) bearing a carboxylic acid group or a hydroxyl group. In another embodiment of the invention, formula (I) does not include within its scope esters of compounds of the formula (I) bearing a carboxylic acid group or a hydroxyl group. Examples of esters are compounds containing the group —C(═O)OR, wherein R is an ester substituent, for example, a C₁₋₆ alkyl group, a heterocyclyl group, or a C₅₋₂₀ aryl group, preferably a C₁₋₆ alkyl group. Particular examples of ester groups include, but are not limited to, —C(═O)OCH₃, —C(═O)OCH₂CH₃, —C(═O)OC(CH₃)₃, and —C(═O)OPh. Examples of acyloxy (reverse ester) groups are represented by —OC(═O)R, wherein R is an acyloxy substituent, for example, a C₁₋₇ alkyl group, a C₃₋₂₀ heterocyclyl group, or a C₅₋₂₀ aryl group, preferably a C₁₋₇ alkyl group. Particular examples of acyloxy groups include, but are not limited to, —OC(═O)CH3 (acetoxy), —OC(═O)CH₂CH₃, —OC(═O)C(CH₃)₃, —OC(═O)Ph, and —OC(═O)CH₂Ph.

For example, some prodrugs are esters of the active compound (e.g., a physiologically acceptable metabolically labile ester). By “prodrugs” is meant for example any compound that is converted in vivo into a biologically active compound of the formula (I). During metabolism, the ester group (—C(═O)OR) is cleaved to yield the active drug. Such esters may be formed by esterification, for example, of any of the carboxylic acid groups (—C(═O)OH) in the parent compound, with, where appropriate, prior protection of any other reactive groups present in the parent compound, followed by deprotection if required.

Examples of such metabolically labile esters include those of the formula —C(═O)OR wherein R is: C₁₋₆alkyl (e.g., -Me, -Et, -nPr, -iPr, -nBu, -sBu, -iBu, -tBu); C₁₋₆aminoalkyl [e.g., aminoethyl; 2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl; 2-(4-morpholino)ethyl); and acyloxy-C₁₋₇alkyl [e.g., acyloxymethyl; acyloxyethyl; pivaloyloxymethyl; acetoxymethyl; 1-acetoxyethyl; 1-(1-methoxy-1-methyl)ethyl-carbonyloxyethyl; 1-(benzoyloxy)ethyl; isopropoxy-carbonyloxymethyl; 1-isopropoxy-carbonyloxyethyl; cyclohexyl-carbonyloxymethyl; 1-cyclohexyl-carbonyloxyethyl; cyclohexyloxy-carbonyloxymethyl; 1-cyclohexyloxy-carbonyloxyethyl; (4-tetrahydropyranyloxy) carbonyloxymethyl; 1-(4-tetrahydropyranyloxy)carbonyloxyethyl; (4-tetrahydropyranyl)carbonyloxymethyl; and 1-(4-tetrahydropyranyl)carbonyloxyethyl]. Also, some prodrugs are activated enzymatically to yield the active compound, or a compound which, upon further chemical reaction, yields the active compound (for example, as in antigen-directed enzyme pro-drug therapy (ADEPT), gene-directed enzyme pro-drug therapy (GDEPT) and ligand-directed enzyme pro-drug therapy (LIDEPT) etc.). For example, the prodrug may be a sugar derivative or other glycoside conjugate, or may be an amino acid ester derivative.

Protein Tyrosine Kinases (PTK)

The compounds of the invention described herein inhibit or modulate the activity of certain tyrosine kinases, and thus the compounds will be useful in the treatment or prophylaxis, in particular the treatment, of disease states or conditions mediated by those tyrosine kinases, in particular FGFR.

FGFR

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) receptors regulates a diverse array of physiologic functions including mitogenesis, wound healing, cell differentiation and angiogenesis, and development. Both normal and malignant cell growth as well as proliferation are affected by changes in local concentration of FGFs, extracellular signalling molecules which act as autocrine as well as paracrine factors. Autocrine FGF signalling may be particularly important in the progression of steroid hormone-dependent cancers to a hormone independent state. FGFs and their receptors are expressed at increased levels in several tissues and cell lines and overexpression is believed to contribute to the malignant phenotype. Furthermore, a number of oncogenes are homologues of genes encoding growth factor receptors, and there is a potential for aberrant activation of FGF-dependent signalling in human pancreatic cancer (Knights et al., Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2010 125:1 (105-117); Korc M. et al Current Cancer Drug Targets 2009 9:5 (639-651)).

The two prototypic members are acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF or FGF1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF or FGF2), and to date, at least twenty distinct FGF family members have been identified. The cellular response to FGFs is transmitted via four types of high affinity transmembrane protein tyrosine-kinase fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) numbered 1 to 4 (FGFR1 to FGFR4).

Disruption of the FGFR1 pathway should affect tumor cell proliferation since this kinase is activated in many tumor types in addition to proliferating endothelial cells. The over-expression and activation of FGFR1 in tumor-associated vasculature has suggested a role for these molecules in tumor angiogenesis.

A recent study has shown a link between FGFR1 expression and tumorigenicity in Classic Lobular Carcinomas (CLC). CLCs account for 10-15% of all breast cancers and, in general, lack p53 and Her2 expression whilst retaining expression of the oestrogen receptor. A gene amplification of 8p12-p11.2 was demonstrated in ˜50% of CLC cases and this was shown to be linked with an increased expression of FGFR1. Preliminary studies with siRNA directed against FGFR1, or a small molecule inhibitor of the receptor, showed cell lines harbouring this amplification to be particularly sensitive to inhibition of this signalling pathway. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common pediatric soft tissue sarcoma likely results from abnormal proliferation and differentiation during skeletal myogenesis. FGFR1 is over-expressed in primary rhabdomyosarcoma tumors and is associated with hypomethylation of a 5′ CpG island and abnormal expression of the AKT1, NOG, and BMP4 genes.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 has high affinity for the acidic and/or basic fibroblast growth factors, as well as the keratinocyte growth factor ligands. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 also propagates the potent osteogenic effects of FGFs during osteoblast growth and differentiation. Mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, leading to complex functional alterations, were shown to induce abnormal ossification of cranial sutures (craniosynostosis), implying a major role of FGFR signalling in intramembranous bone formation. For example, in Apert (AP) syndrome, characterized by premature cranial suture ossification, most cases are associated with point mutations engendering gain-of-function in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2. In addition, mutation screening in patients with syndromic craniosynostoses indicates that a number of recurrent FGFR2 mutations accounts for severe forms of Pfeiffer syndrome. Particular mutations of FGFR2 include W290C, D321A, Y340C, C342R, C342S, C342W, N549H, K641R in FGFR2.

Several severe abnormalities in human skeletal development, including Apert, Crouzon, Jackson-Weiss, Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata, and Pfeiffer syndromes are associated with the occurrence of mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2. Most, if not all, cases of Pfeiffer Syndrome (PS) are also caused by de novo mutation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 gene, and it was recently shown that mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 break one of the cardinal rules governing ligand specificity. Namely, two mutant splice forms of fibroblast growth factor receptor, FGFR2c and FGFR2b, have acquired the ability to bind to and be activated by atypical FGF ligands. This loss of ligand specificity leads to aberrant signalling and suggests that the severe phenotypes of these disease syndromes result from ectopic ligand-dependent activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2.

Genetic aberrations of the FGFR3 receptor tyrosine kinase such as chromosomal translocations or point mutations result in ectopically expressed or deregulated, constitutively active, FGFR3 receptors. Such abnormalities are linked to a subset of multiple myelomas and in bladder, hepatocellular, oral squamous cell carcinoma and cervical carcinomas. Accordingly, FGFR3 inhibitors would be useful in the treatment of multiple myeloma, bladder and cervical carcinomas. FGFR3 is also over-expressed in bladder cancer, in particular invasive bladder cancer. FGFR3 is frequently activated by mutation in urothelial carcinoma (UC). Increased expression was associated with mutation (85% of mutant tumors showed high-level expression) but also 42% of tumors with no detectable mutation showed over-expression, including many muscle-invasive tumors.

Over expression of FGFR4 has been linked to poor prognosis in both prostate and thyroid carcinomas. In addition a germline polymorphism (Gly388Arg) is associated with increased incidence of lung, breast, colon, liver (HCC) and prostate cancers. In addition, a truncated form of FGFR4 (including the kinase domain) has also been found to be present in 40% of pituitary tumours but not present in normal tissue. FGFR4 overexpression has been observed in liver, colon and lung tumours. FGFR4 has been implicated in colorectal and liver cancer where expression of its ligand FGF19 is frequently elevated.

Fibrotic conditions are a major medical problem resulting from abnormal or excessive deposition of fibrous tissue. This occurs in many diseases, including liver cirrhosis, glomerulonephritis, pulmonary fibrosis, systemic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, as well as the natural process of wound healing. The mechanisms of pathological fibrosis are not fully understood but are thought to result from the actions of various cytokines (including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), fibroblast growth factors (FGF's), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor beta. (TGFβ) involved in the proliferation of fibroblasts and the deposition of extracellular matrix proteins (including collagen and fibronectin). This results in alteration of tissue structure and function and subsequent pathology.

A number of preclinical studies have demonstrated the up-regulation of fibroblast growth factors in preclinical models of lung fibrosis. TGFβ1 and PDGF have been reported to be involved in the fibrogenic process and further published work suggests the elevation of FGF's and consequent increase in fibroblast proliferation, may be in response to elevated TGFβ1. The potential therapeutic benefit of targeting the fibrotic mechanism in conditions such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is suggested by the reported clinical effect of the anti-fibrotic agent pirfenidone. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (also referred to as Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis) is a progressive condition involving scarring of the lung. Gradually, the air sacs of the lungs become replaced by fibrotic tissue, which becomes thicker, causing an irreversible loss of the tissue's ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream. The symptoms of the condition include shortness of breath, chronic dry coughing, fatigue, chest pain and loss of appetite resulting in rapid weight loss. The condition is extremely serious with approximately 50% mortality after 5 years.

As such, the compounds which inhibit FGFR will be useful in providing a means of preventing the growth or inducing apoptosis in tumours, particularly by inhibiting angiogenesis. It is therefore anticipated that the compounds will prove useful in treating or preventing proliferative disorders such as cancers. In particular tumours with activating mutants of receptor tyrosine kinases or upregulation of receptor tyrosine kinases may be particularly sensitive to the inhibitors. Patients with activating mutants of any of the isoforms of the specific RTKs discussed herein may also find treatment with RTK inhibitors particularly beneficial.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGFR)

Chronic proliferative diseases are often accompanied by profound angiogenesis, which can contribute to or maintain an inflammatory and/or proliferative state, or which leads to tissue destruction through the invasive proliferation of blood vessels.

Angiogenesis is generally used to describe the development of new or replacement blood vessels, or neovascularisation. It is a necessary and physiological normal process by which vasculature is established in the embryo. Angiogenesis does not occur, in general, in most normal adult tissues, exceptions being sites of ovulation, menses and wound healing. Many diseases, however, are characterized by persistent and unregulated angiogenesis. For instance, in arthritis, new capillary blood vessels invade the joint and destroy cartilage. In diabetes (and in many different eye diseases), new vessels invade the macula or retina or other ocular structures, and may cause blindness. The process of atherosclerosis has been linked to angiogenesis. Tumor growth and metastasis have been found to be angiogenesis-dependent.

The recognition of the involvement of angiogenesis in major diseases has been accompanied by research to identify and develop inhibitors of angiogenesis. These inhibitors are generally classified in response to discrete targets in the angiogenesis cascade, such as activation of endothelial cells by an angiogenic signal; synthesis and release of degradative enzymes; endothelial cell migration; proliferation of endothelial cells; and formation of capillary tubules. Therefore, angiogenesis occurs in many stages and attempts are underway to discover and develop compounds that work to block angiogenesis at these various stages.

There are publications that teach that inhibitors of angiogenesis, working by diverse mechanisms, are beneficial in diseases such as cancer and metastasis, ocular diseases, arthritis and hemangioma.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a polypeptide, is mitogenic for endothelial cells in vitro and stimulates angiogenic responses in vivo. VEGF has also been linked to inappropriate angiogenesis. VEGFR(s) are protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). PTKs catalyze the phosphorylation of specific tyrosine residues in proteins involved in cell function thus regulating cell growth, survival and differentiation.

Three PTK receptors for VEGF have been identified: VEGFR-1 (Flt-1); VEGFR-2 (Flk-1 or KDR) and VEGFR-3 (Flt-4). These receptors are involved in angiogenesis and participate in signal transduction. Of particular interest is VEGFR-2, which is a transmembrane receptor PTK expressed primarily in endothelial cells. Activation of VEGFR-2 by VEGF is a critical step in the signal transduction pathway that initiates tumour angiogenesis. VEGF expression may be constitutive to tumour cells and can also be upregulated in response to certain stimuli. One such stimuli is hypoxia, where VEGF expression is upregulated in both tumour and associated host tissues. The VEGF ligand activates VEGFR-2 by binding with its extracellular VEGF binding site. This leads to receptor dimerization of VEGFRs and autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues at the intracellular kinase domain of VEGFR-2. The kinase domain operates to transfer a phosphate from ATP to the tyrosine residues, thus providing binding sites for signalling proteins downstream of VEGFR-2 leading ultimately to initiation of angiogenesis.

Inhibition at the kinase domain binding site of VEGFR-2 would block phosphorylation of tyrosine residues and serve to disrupt initiation of angiogenesis.

Angiogenesis is a physiologic process of new blood vessel formation mediated by various cytokines called angiogenic factors. Although its potential pathophysiologic role in solid tumors has been extensively studied for more than 3 decades, enhancement of angiogenesis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and other malignant hematological disorders has been recognized more recently. An increased level of angiogenesis has been documented by various experimental methods both in bone marrow and lymph nodes of patients with CLL. Although the role of angiogenesis in the pathophysiology of this disease remains to be fully elucidated, experimental data suggest that several angiogenic factors play a role in the disease progression. Biologic markers of angiogenesis were also shown to be of prognostic relevance in CLL. This indicates that VEGFR inhibitors may also be of benefit for patients with leukemia's such as CLL.

In order for a tumour mass to get beyond a critical size, it must develop an associated vasculature. It has been proposed that targeting a tumor vasculature would limit tumor expansion and could be a useful cancer therapy. Observations of tumor growth have indicated that small tumour masses can persist in a tissue without any tumour-specific vasculature. The growth arrest of nonvascularized tumors has been attributed to the effects of hypoxia at the center of the tumor. More recently, a variety of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors have been identified and have led to the concept of the “angiogenic switch,” a process in which disruption of the normal ratio of angiogenic stimuli and inhibitors in a tumor mass allows for autonomous vascularization. The angiogenic switch appears to be governed by the same genetic alterations that drive malignant conversion: the activation of oncogenes and the loss of tumour suppressor genes. Several growth factors act as positive regulators of angiogenesis. Foremost among these are vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and angiogenin. Proteins such as thrombospondin (Tsp-1), angiostatin, and endostatin function as negative regulators of angiogenesis.

Inhibition of VEGFR2 but not VEGFR1 markedly disrupts angiogenic switching, persistent angiogenesis, and initial tumor growth in a mouse model. In late-stage tumors, phenotypic resistance to VEGFR2 blockade emerged, as tumors regrew during treatment after an initial period of growth suppression. This resistance to VEGF blockade involves reactivation of tumour angiogenesis, independent of VEGF and associated with hypoxia-mediated induction of other proangiogenic factors, including members of the FGF family. These other proangiogenic signals are functionally implicated in the revascularization and regrowth of tumours in the evasion phase, as FGF blockade impairs progression in the face of VEGF inhibition.

There is evidence for normalization of glioblastoma blood vessels in patients treated with a pan-VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, AZD2171, in a phase 2 study. MRI determination of vessel normalization in combination with circulating biomarkers provides for an effective means to assess response to antiangiogenic agents.

PDGFR

A malignant tumour is the product of uncontrolled cell proliferation. Cell growth is controlled by a delicate balance between growth-promoting and growth-inhibiting factors. In normal tissue the production and activity of these factors results in differentiated cells growing in a controlled and regulated manner that maintains the normal integrity and functioning of the organ. The malignant cell has evaded this control; the natural balance is disturbed (via a variety of mechanisms) and unregulated, aberrant cell growth occurs. A growth factor of importance in tumour development is the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) that comprises a family of peptide growth factors that signal through cell surface tyrosine kinase receptors (PDGFR) and stimulate various cellular functions including growth, proliferation, and differentiation.

Advantages of a Selective Inhibitor

Development of FGFR kinase inhibitors with a differentiated selectivity profile provides a new opportunity to use these targeted agents in patient sub-groups whose disease is driven by FGFR deregulation. Compounds that exhibit reduced inhibitory action on additional kinases, particularly VEGFR2 and PDGFR-beta, offer the opportunity to have a differentiated side-effect or toxicity profile and as such allow for a more effective treatment of these indications. Inhibitors of VEGFR2 and PDGFR-beta are associated with toxicities such as hypertension or oedema respectively. In the case of VEGFR2 inhibitors this hypertensive effect is often dose limiting, may be contraindicated in certain patient populations and requires clinical management.

Biological Activity and Therapeutic Uses

The compounds of the invention, and subgroups thereof, have fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibiting or modulating activity and/or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibiting or modulating activity, and/or platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) inhibiting or modulating activity, and which will be useful in preventing or treating disease states or conditions described herein. In addition the compounds of the invention, and subgroups thereof, will be useful in preventing or treating diseases or condition mediated by the kinases. References to the preventing or prophylaxis or treatment of a disease state or condition such as cancer include within their scope alleviating or reducing the incidence of cancer.

As used herein, the term “modulation”, as applied to the activity of a kinase, is intended to define a change in the level of biological activity of the protein kinase. Thus, modulation encompasses physiological changes which effect an increase or decrease in the relevant protein kinase activity. In the latter case, the modulation may be described as “inhibition”. The modulation may arise directly or indirectly, and may be mediated by any mechanism and at any physiological level, including for example at the level of gene expression (including for example transcription, translation and/or post-translational modification), at the level of expression of genes encoding regulatory elements which act directly or indirectly on the levels of kinase activity. Thus, modulation may imply elevated/suppressed expression or over- or under-expression of a kinase, including gene amplification (i.e. multiple gene copies) and/or increased or decreased expression by a transcriptional effect, as well as hyper-(or hypo-)activity and (de)activation of the protein kinase(s) (including (de)activation) by mutation(s). The terms “modulated”, “modulating” and “modulate” are to be interpreted accordingly.

As used herein, the term “mediated”, as used e.g. in conjunction with a kinase as described herein (and applied for example to various physiological processes, diseases, states, conditions, therapies, treatments or interventions) is intended to operate limitatively so that the various processes, diseases, states, conditions, treatments and interventions to which the term is applied are those in which the kinase plays a biological role. In cases where the term is applied to a disease, state or condition, the biological role played by a kinase may be direct or indirect and may be necessary and/or sufficient for the manifestation of the symptoms of the disease, state or condition (or its aetiology or progression). Thus, kinase activity (and in particular aberrant levels of kinase activity, e.g. kinase over-expression) need not necessarily be the proximal cause of the disease, state or condition: rather, it is contemplated that the kinase mediated diseases, states or conditions include those having multifactorial aetiologies and complex progressions in which the kinase in question is only partially involved. In cases where the term is applied to treatment, prophylaxis or intervention, the role played by the kinase may be direct or indirect and may be necessary and/or sufficient for the operation of the treatment, prophylaxis or outcome of the intervention. Thus, a disease state or condition mediated by a kinase includes the development of resistance to any particular cancer drug or treatment.

Thus, for example, the compounds of the invention may be useful in alleviating or reducing the incidence of cancer.

More particularly, the compounds of the formulae (I) and sub-groups thereof are inhibitors of FGFRs. For example, compounds of the invention have activity against FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and/or FGFR4, and in particular FGFRs selected from FGFR1, FGFR2 and FGFR3; or in particular the compounds of formula (I) and sub-groups thereof are inhibitors of FGFR4.

Preferred compounds are compounds that inhibit one or more FGFR selected from FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and FGFR4. Preferred compounds of the invention are those having IC₅₀ values of less than 0.1 μM.

Compounds of the invention also have activity against VEGFR.

In addition many of the compounds of the invention exhibit selectivity for the FGFR 1, 2, and/or 3, and/or 4 compared to VEGFR (in particular VEGFR2) and/or PDGFR and such compounds represent one preferred embodiment of the invention. In particular, the compounds exhibit selectivity over VEGFR2. For example, many compounds of the invention have IC₅₀ values against FGFR1, 2 and/or 3 and/or 4 that are between a tenth and a hundredth of the IC₅₀ against VEGFR (in particular VEGFR2) and/or PDGFR B. In particular preferred compounds of the invention have at least 10 times greater activity against or inhibition of FGFR in particular FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and/or FGFR4 than VEGFR2. More preferably the compounds of the invention have at least 100 times greater activity against or inhibition of FGFR in particular FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and/or FGFR4 than VEGFR2. This can be determined using the methods described herein.

As a consequence of their activity in modulating or inhibiting FGFR, and/or VEGFR kinases, the compounds will be useful in providing a means of preventing the growth or inducing apoptosis of neoplasias, particularly by inhibiting angiogenesis. It is therefore anticipated that the compounds will prove useful in treating or preventing proliferative disorders such as cancers. In addition, the compounds of the invention could be useful in the treatment of diseases in which there is a disorder of proliferation, apoptosis or differentiation.

In particular tumours with activating mutants of VEGFR or upregulation of VEGFR and patients with elevated levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase may be particularly sensitive to the compounds of the invention. Patients with activating mutants of any of the isoforms of the specific RTKs discussed herein may also find treatment with the compounds of the invention particularly beneficial. For example, VEGFR overexpression in acute leukemia cells where the clonal progenitor may express VEGFR. Also, particular tumours with activating mutants or upregulation or overexpression of any of the isoforms of FGFR such as FGFR1, FGFR2 or FGFR3 or FGFR4 may be particularly sensitive to the compounds of the invention and thus patients as discussed herein with such particular tumours may also find treatment with the compounds of the invention particularly beneficial. It may be preferred that the treatment is related to or directed at a mutated form of one of the receptor tyrosine kinases, such as discussed herein. Diagnosis of tumours with such mutations could be performed using techniques known to a person skilled in the art and as described herein such as RTPCR and FISH.

Examples of cancers which may be treated (or inhibited) include, but are not limited to, a carcinoma, for example a carcinoma of the bladder, breast, colon (e.g. colorectal carcinomas such as colon adenocarcinoma and colon adenoma), kidney, epidermis, liver, lung (for example adenocarcinoma, small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung carcinomas), oesophagus, head and neck, gall bladder, ovary, pancreas (e.g. exocrine pancreatic carcinoma), stomach, gastrointestinal (also known as gastric) cancer (e.g. gastrointestinal stromal tumours), cervix, endometrium, thyroid, prostate, or skin (for example squamous cell carcinoma or dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans); a hematopoietic tumour of lymphoid lineage, for example leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, B-cell lymphoma (e.g. diffuse large B-cell lymphoma), T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, hairy cell lymphoma, or Burkett's lymphoma; a hematopoietic tumour of myeloid lineage, for example leukemias, acute and chronic myelogenous leukemias, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), myeloproliferative disorder, myeloproliferative syndrome, myelodysplastic syndrome, or promyelocytic leukemia; multiple myeloma; thyroid follicular cancer; a tumour of mesenchymal origin (e.g. Ewing's sarcoma), for example fibrosarcoma or rhabdomyosarcoma; a tumour of the central or peripheral nervous system, for example astrocytoma, neuroblastoma, glioma (such as glioblastoma multiforme) or schwannoma; melanoma; seminoma; teratocarcinoma; osteosarcoma; xeroderma pigmentosum; keratoctanthoma; thyroid follicular cancer; or Kaposi's sarcoma.

Certain cancers are resistant to treatment with particular drugs. This can be due to the type of the tumour or can arise due to treatment with the compound. In this regard, references to multiple myeloma includes bortezomib sensitive multiple myeloma or refractory multiple myeloma. Similarly, references to chronic myelogenous leukemia includes imitanib sensitive chronic myelogenous leukemia and refractory chronic myelogenous leukemia. Chronic myelogenous leukemia is also known as chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic granulocytic leukemia or CML. Likewise, acute myelogenous leukemia, is also called acute myeloblastic leukemia, acute granulocytic leukemia, acute nonlymphocytic leukaemia or AML.

The compounds of the invention can also be used in the treatment of hematopoetic diseases of abnormal cell proliferation whether pre-malignant or stable such as myeloproliferative diseases. Myeloproliferative diseases (“MPD”s) are a group of diseases of the bone marrow in which excess cells are produced. They are related to, and may evolve into, myelodysplastic syndrome. Myeloproliferative diseases include polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis. A further haematological disorder is hypereosinophilic syndrome. T-cell lymphoproliferative diseases include those derived from natural Killer cells.

In addition the compounds of the invention can be used to gastrointestinal (also known as gastric) cancer e.g. gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Gastrointestinal cancer refers to malignant conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, including the esophagus, stomach, liver, biliary system, pancreas, bowels, and anus.

Thus, in the pharmaceutical compositions, uses or methods of this invention for treating a disease or condition comprising abnormal cell growth, the disease or condition comprising abnormal cell growth in one embodiment is a cancer.

Particular subsets of cancers include multiple myeloma, bladder, cervical, prostate and thyroid carcinomas, lung, breast, and colon cancers.

A further subset of cancers includes multiple myeloma, bladder, hepatocellular, oral squamous cell carcinoma and cervical carcinomas.

The compound of the invention, having FGFR such as FGFR1 inhibitory activity, may be particularly useful in the treatment or prevention of breast cancer in particular Classic Lobular Carcinomas (CLC).

As the compounds of the invention have FGFR4 activity they will also be useful in the treatment of prostate or pituitary cancers, or they will be useful in the treatment of breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer (HCC) or lung cancer.

In particular the compounds of the invention as FGFR inhibitors, are useful in the treatment of multiple myeloma, myeloproliferatoive disorders, endometrial cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Further subsets of cancer are multiple myeloma, endometrial cancer, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer and thyroid carcinomas.

In particular the compounds of the invention are useful in the treatment of multiple myeloma (in particular multiple myeloma with t(4;14) translocation or overexpressing FGFR3), prostate cancer (hormone refractory prostrate carcinomas), endometrial cancer (in particular endometrial tumours with activating mutations in FGFR2) and breast cancer (in particular lobular breast cancer).

In particular the compounds are useful in the treatment of lobular carcinomas such as CLC (Classic lobular carcinoma).

As the compounds have activity against FGFR3 they will be useful in the treatment of multiple myeloma and bladder cancer.

In particular the compounds are useful for the treatment of t(4;14) translocation positive multiple myeloma.

In one embodiment the compounds may be useful for the treatment of sarcoma. In one embodiment the compounds may be useful for the treatment of lung cancer, e.g. squamous cell carcinoma.

As the compounds have activity against FGFR2 they will be useful in the treatment of endometrial, ovarian, gastric and colorectal cancers. FGFR2 is also overexpressed in epithelial ovarian cancer, therefore the compounds of the invention may be specifically useful in treating ovarian cancer such as epithelial ovarian cancer.

In one embodiment, the compounds may be useful for the treatment of lung cancer, in particular NSCLC, squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer, kidney cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer.

Compounds of the invention may also be useful in the treatment of tumours pre-treated with VEGFR2 inhibitor or VEGFR2 antibody (e.g. Avastin).

In particular the compounds of the invention may be useful in the treatment of VEGFR2-resistant tumours. VEGFR2 inhibitors and antibodies are used in the treatment of thyroid and renal cell carcinomas, therefore the compounds of the invention may be useful in the treatment of VEGFR2-resistant thyroid and renal cell carcinomas.

The cancers may be cancers which are sensitive to inhibition of any one or more FGFRs selected from FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4, for example, one or more FGFRs selected from FGFR1, FGFR2 or FGFR3.

Whether or not a particular cancer is one which is sensitive to inhibition of FGFR or VEGFR signalling may be determined by means of a cell growth assay as set out below or by a method as set out in the section headed “Methods of Diagnosis”.

The compounds of the invention, and in particular those compounds having FGFR, or VEGFR inhibitory activity, may be particularly useful in the treatment or prevention of cancers of a type associated with or characterised by the presence of elevated levels of FGFR, or VEGFR, for example the cancers referred to in this context in the introductory section of this application.

The compounds of the present invention may be useful for the treatment of the adult population. The compounds of the present invention may be useful for the treatment of the pediatric population.

It has been discovered that some FGFR inhibitors can be used in combination with other anticancer agents. For example, it may be beneficial to combine an inhibitor that induces apoptosis with another agent which acts via a different mechanism to regulate cell growth thus treating two of the characteristic features of cancer development.

Examples of such combinations are set out below.

The compounds of the invention may be useful in treating other conditions which result from disorders in proliferation such as type II or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, autoimmune diseases, head trauma, stroke, epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, motor neurone disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration and Pick's disease for example autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.

One sub-group of disease states and conditions that the compounds of the invention may be useful consists of inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and wound healing.

FGFR, and VEGFR are also known to play a role in apoptosis, angiogenesis, proliferation, differentiation and transcription and therefore the compounds of the invention could also be useful in the treatment of the following diseases other than cancer; chronic inflammatory diseases, for example systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune mediated glomerulonephritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune diabetes mellitus, Eczema hypersensitivity reactions, asthma, COPD, rhinitis, and upper respiratory tract disease; cardiovascular diseases for example cardiac hypertrophy, restenosis, atherosclerosis; neurodegenerative disorders, for example Alzheimer's disease, AIDS-related dementia, Parkinson's disease, amyotropic lateral sclerosis, retinitis pigmentosa, spinal muscular atropy and cerebellar degeneration; glomerulonephritis; myelodysplastic syndromes, ischemic injury associated myocardial infarctions, stroke and reperfusion injury, arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, toxin-induced or alcohol related liver diseases, haematological diseases, for example, chronic anemia and aplastic anemia; degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system, for example, osteoporosis and arthritis, aspirin-sensitive rhinosinusitis, cystic fibrosis, multiple sclerosis, kidney diseases and cancer pain.

In addition, mutations of FGFR2 are associated with several severe abnormalities in human skeletal development and thus the compounds of invention could be useful in the treatment of abnormalities in human skeletal development, including abnormal ossification of cranial sutures (craniosynostosis), Apert (AP) syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, Jackson-Weiss syndrome, Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrate syndrome, and Pfeiffer syndrome.

The compound of the invention, having FGFR such as FGFR2 or FGFR3 inhibitory activity, may be particularly useful in the treatment or prevention of the skeletal diseases. Particular skeletal diseases are achondroplasia or thanatophoric dwarfism (also known as thanatophoric dysplasia).

The compound of the invention, having FGFR such as FGFR1, FGFR2 or FGFR3 inhibitory activity, may be particularly useful in the treatment or prevention in pathologies in which progressive fibrosis is a symptom. Fibrotic conditions in which the compounds of the inventions may be useful in the treatment of include diseases exhibiting abnormal or excessive deposition of fibrous tissue for example in liver cirrhosis, glomerulonephritis, pulmonary fibrosis, systemic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, as well as the natural process of wound healing. In particular the compounds of the inventions may also be useful in the treatment of lung fibrosis in particular in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

The over-expression and activation of FGFR and VEGFR in tumor-associated vasculature has also suggested a role for compounds of the invention in preventing and disrupting initiation of tumor angiogenesis. In particular the compounds of the invention may be useful in the treatment of cancer, metastasis, leukemia's such as CLL, ocular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration in particular wet form of age-related macular degeneration, ischemic proliferative retinopathies such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis and hemangioma.

The activity of the compounds of the invention as inhibitors of FGFR1-4, VEGFR and/or PDGFR A/B can be measured using the assays set forth in the examples below and the level of activity exhibited by a given compound can be defined in terms of the IC₅₀ value. Preferred compounds of the present invention are compounds having an IC₅₀ value of less than 1 μM, more preferably less than 0.1 μM.

The invention provides compounds that have FGFR inhibiting or modulating activity, and which may be useful in preventing or treating disease states or conditions mediated by FGFR kinases.

In one embodiment, there is provided a compound as defined herein for use in therapy, for use as a medicine. In a further embodiment, there is provided a compound as defined herein for use in the prophylaxis or treatment, in particular in the treatment, of a disease state or condition mediated by a FGFR kinase.

Thus, for example, the compounds of the invention may be useful in alleviating or reducing the incidence of cancer. Therefore, in a further embodiment, there is provided a compound as defined herein for use in the prophylaxis or treatment, in particular the treatment, of cancer. In one embodiment, the compound as defined herein is for use in the prophylaxis or treatment of FGFR-dependent cancer. In one embodiment, the compound as defined herein is for use in the prophylaxis or treatment of cancer mediated by FGFR kinases.

Accordingly, the invention provides inter alia:

-   -   A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of a disease state or         condition mediated by a FGFR kinase, which method comprises         administering to a subject in need thereof a compound of the         formula (I) as defined herein.     -   A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of a disease state or         condition as described herein, which method comprises         administering to a subject in need thereof a compound of the         formula (I) as defined herein.     -   A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of cancer, which         method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a         compound of the formula (I) as defined herein.     -   A method for alleviating or reducing the incidence of a disease         state or condition mediated by a FGFR kinase, which method         comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a compound         of the formula (I) as defined herein.     -   A method of inhibiting a FGFR kinase, which method comprises         contacting the kinase with a kinase-inhibiting compound of the         formula (I) as defined herein.     -   A method of modulating a cellular process (for example cell         division) by inhibiting the activity of a FGFR kinase using a         compound of the formula (I) as defined herein.     -   A compound of formula (I) as defined herein for use as a         modulator of a cellular process (for example cell division) by         inhibiting the activity of a FGFR kinase.     -   A compound of formula (I) as defined herein for use in the         prophylaxis or treatment of cancer, in particular the treatment         of cancer.     -   A compound of formula (I) as defined herein for use as a         modulator (e.g. inhibitor) of FGFR.     -   The use of a compound of formula (I) as defined herein for the         manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis or treatment of         a disease state or condition mediated by a FGFR kinase, the         compound having the formula (I) as defined herein.     -   The use of a compound of formula (I) as defined herein for the         manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis or treatment of         a disease state or condition as described herein.     -   The use of a compound of formula (I) as defined herein for the         manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis or treatment, in         particular the treatment, of cancer.     -   The use of a compound of formula (I) as defined herein for the         manufacture of a medicament for modulating (e.g. inhibiting) the         activity of FGFR.     -   Use of a compound of formula (I) as defined herein in the         manufacture of a medicament for modulating a cellular process         (for example cell division) by inhibiting the activity of a FGFR         kinase.     -   The use of a compound of the formula (I) as defined herein for         the manufacture of a medicament for prophylaxis or treatment of         a disease or condition characterised by up-regulation of a FGFR         kinase (e.g. FGFR1 or FGFR2 or FGFR3 or FGFR4).     -   The use of a compound of the formula (I) as defined herein for         the manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis or treatment         of a cancer, the cancer being one which is characterised by         up-regulation of a FGFR kinase (e.g. FGFR1 or FGFR2 or FGFR3 or         FGFR4).     -   The use of a compound of the formula (I) as defined herein for         the manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis or treatment         of cancer in a patient selected from a sub-population possessing         a genetic aberrations of FGFR3 kinase.     -   The use of a compound of the formula (I) as defined herein for         the manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis or treatment         of cancer in a patient who has been diagnosed as forming part of         a sub-population possessing a genetic aberrations of FGFR3         kinase.     -   A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of a disease or         condition characterised by up-regulation of a FGFR kinase (e.g.         FGFR1 or FGFR2 or FGFR3 or FGFR4), the method comprising         administering a compound of the formula (I) as defined herein.     -   A method for alleviating or reducing the incidence of a disease         or condition characterised by up-regulation of a FGFR kinase         (e.g. FGFR1 or FGFR2 or FGFR3 or FGFR4), the method comprising         administering a compound of the formula (I) as defined herein.     -   A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of (or alleviating or         reducing the incidence of) cancer in a patient suffering from or         suspected of suffering from cancer; which method comprises (i)         subjecting a patient to a diagnostic test to determine whether         the patient possesses a genetic aberrations of FGFR3 gene;         and (ii) where the patient does possess the said variant,         thereafter administering to the patient a compound of the         formula (I) as defined herein having FGFR3 kinase inhibiting         activity.

A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of (or alleviating or reducing the incidence of) a disease state or condition characterised by up-regulation of an FGFR kinase (e.g. FGFR1 or FGFR2 or FGFR3 or FGFR4); which method comprises (i) subjecting a patient to a diagnostic test to detect a marker characteristic of up-regulation of a FGFR kinase (e.g. FGFR1 or FGFR2 or FGFR3 or FGFR4) and (ii) where the diagnostic test is indicative of up-regulation of a FGFR kinase, thereafter administering to the patient a compound of the formula (I) as defined herein having FGFR kinase inhibiting activity.

In one embodiment, the disease mediated by FGFR kinases is a oncology related disease (e.g. cancer). In one embodiment, the disease mediated by FGFR kinases is a non-oncology related disease (e.g. any disease disclosed herein excluding cancer). In one embodiment the disease mediated by FGFR kinases is a condition described herein. In one embodiment the disease mediated by FGFR kinases is a skeletal condition described herein. Particular abnormalities in human skeletal development, include abnormal ossification of cranial sutures (craniosynostosis), Apert (AP) syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, Jackson-Weiss syndrome, Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrate syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome, achondroplasia and thanatophoric dwarfism (also known as thanatophoric dysplasia).

Mutated Kinases

Drug resistant kinase mutations can arise in patient populations treated with kinase inhibitors. These occur, in part, in the regions of the protein that bind to or interact with the particular inhibitor used in therapy. Such mutations reduce or increase the capacity of the inhibitor to bind to and inhibit the kinase in question. This can occur at any of the amino acid residues which interact with the inhibitor or are important for supporting the binding of said inhibitor to the target. An inhibitor that binds to a target kinase without requiring the interaction with the mutated amino acid residue will likely be unaffected by the mutation and will remain an effective inhibitor of the enzyme.

A study in gastric cancer patient samples showed the presence of two mutations in FGFR2, Ser167Pro in exon IIIa and a splice site mutation 940-2A-G in exon IIIc. These mutations are identical to the germline activating mutations that cause craniosynotosis syndromes and were observed in 13% of primary gastric cancer tissues studied. In addition activating mutations in FGFR3 were observed in 5% of the patient samples tested and overexpression of FGFRs has been correlated with a poor prognosis in this patient group.

In addition there are chromosomal translocations or point mutations that have been observed in FGFR which give rise to gain-of-function, over-expressed, or constitutively active biological states.

The compounds of the invention would therefore find particular application in relation to cancers which express a mutated molecular target such as FGFR. Diagnosis of tumours with such mutations could be performed using techniques known to a person skilled in the art and as described herein such as RTPCR and FISH.

It has been suggested that mutations of a conserved threonine residue at the ATP binding site of FGFR would result in inhibitor resistance. The amino acid valine 561 has been mutated to a methionine in FGFR1 which corresponds to previously reported mutations found in Abl (T315) and EGFR (T766) that have been shown to confer resistance to selective inhibitors. Assay data for FGFR1 V561M showed that this mutation conferred resistance to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor compared to that of the wild type.

Methods of Diagnosis

Prior to administration of a compound of the formula (I), a patient may be screened to determine whether a disease or condition from which the patient is or may be suffering is one which would be susceptible to treatment with a compound having activity against FGFR, and/or VEGFR.

For example, a biological sample taken from a patient may be analysed to determine whether a condition or disease, such as cancer, that the patient is or may be suffering from is one which is characterised by a genetic abnormality or abnormal protein expression which leads to up-regulation of the levels or activity of FGFR, and/or VEGFR or to sensitisation of a pathway to normal FGFR, and/or VEGFR activity, or to upregulation of these growth factor signalling pathways such as growth factor ligand levels or growth factor ligand activity or to upregulation of a biochemical pathway downstream of FGFR, and/or VEGFR activation.

Examples of such abnormalities that result in activation or sensitisation of the FGFR, and/or VEGFR signal include loss of, or inhibition of apoptotic pathways, up-regulation of the receptors or ligands, or presence of mutant variants of the receptors or ligands e.g PTK variants. Tumours with mutants of FGFR1, FGFR2 or FGFR3 or FGFR4 or up-regulation, in particular over-expression of FGFR1, or gain-of-function mutants of FGFR2 or FGFR3 may be particularly sensitive to FGFR inhibitors.

For example, point mutations engendering gain-of-function in FGFR2 have been identified in a number of conditions. In particular activating mutations in FGFR2 have been identified in 10% of endometrial tumours.

In addition, genetic aberrations of the FGFR3 receptor tyrosine kinase such as chromosomal translocations or point mutations resulting in ectopically expressed or deregulated, constitutively active, FGFR3 receptors have been identified and are linked to a subset of multiple myelomas, bladder and cervical carcinomas. A particular mutation T674I of the PDGF receptor has been identified in imatinib-treated patients. In addition, a gene amplification of 8p12-p11.2 was demonstrated in ˜50% of lobular breast cancer (CLC) cases and this was shown to be linked with an increased expression of FGFR1. Preliminary studies with siRNA directed against FGFR1, or a small molecule inhibitor of the receptor, showed cell lines harbouring this amplification to be particularly sensitive to inhibition of this signalling pathway.

Alternatively, a biological sample taken from a patient may be analysed for loss of a negative regulator or suppressor of FGFR or VEGFR. In the present context, the term “loss” embraces the deletion of a gene encoding the regulator or suppressor, the truncation of the gene (for example by mutation), the truncation of the transcribed product of the gene, or the inactivation of the transcribed product (e.g. by point mutation) or sequestration by another gene product.

The term up-regulation includes elevated expression or over-expression, including gene amplification (i.e. multiple gene copies) and increased expression by a transcriptional effect, and hyperactivity and activation, including activation by mutations. Thus, the patient may be subjected to a diagnostic test to detect a marker characteristic of up-regulation of FGFR, and/or VEGFR. The term diagnosis includes screening. By marker we include genetic markers including, for example, the measurement of DNA composition to identify mutations of FGFR, and/or VEGFR. The term marker also includes markers which are characteristic of up regulation of FGFR and/or VEGFR, including enzyme activity, enzyme levels, enzyme state (e.g. phosphorylated or not) and mRNA levels of the aforementioned proteins.

The diagnostic tests and screens are typically conducted on a biological sample selected from tumour biopsy samples, blood samples (isolation and enrichment of shed tumour cells), stool biopsies, sputum, chromosome analysis, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, buccal spears, biopsy or urine.

Methods of identification and analysis of mutations and up-regulation of proteins are known to a person skilled in the art. Screening methods could include, but are not limited to, standard methods such as reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or in-situ hybridization such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Identification of an individual carrying a mutation in FGFR, and/or VEGFR may mean that the patient would be particularly suitable for treatment with a FGFR, and/or VEGFR inhibitor. Tumours may preferentially be screened for presence of a FGFR, and/or

VEGFR variant prior to treatment. The screening process will typically involve direct sequencing, oligonucleotide microarray analysis, or a mutant specific antibody. In addition, diagnosis of tumours with such mutations could be performed using techniques known to a person skilled in the art and as described herein such as RT-PCR and FISH.

In addition, mutant forms of, for example FGFR or VEGFR2, can be identified by direct sequencing of, for example, tumour biopsies using PCR and methods to sequence PCR products directly as hereinbefore described. The skilled artisan will recognize that all such well-known techniques for detection of the over expression, activation or mutations of the aforementioned proteins could be applicable in the present case.

In screening by RT-PCR, the level of mRNA in the tumour is assessed by creating a cDNA copy of the mRNA followed by amplification of the cDNA by PCR. Methods of PCR amplification, the selection of primers, and conditions for amplification, are known to a person skilled in the art. Nucleic acid manipulations and PCR are carried out by standard methods, as described for example in Ausubel, F. M. et al., eds. (2004) Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons Inc., or Innis, M. A. et al., eds. (1990) PCR Protocols: a guide to methods and applications, Academic Press, San Diego. Reactions and manipulations involving nucleic acid techniques are also described in Sambrook et al., (2001), 3^(rd) Ed, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. Alternatively a commercially available kit for RT-PCR (for example Roche Molecular Biochemicals) may be used, or methodology as set forth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,666,828; 4,683,202; 4,801,531; 5,192,659, 5,272,057, 5,882,864, and 6,218,529 and incorporated herein by reference. An example of an in-situ hybridisation technique for assessing mRNA expression would be fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) (see Angerer (1987) Meth. Enzymol., 152: 649).

Generally, in situ hybridization comprises the following major steps: (1) fixation of tissue to be analyzed; (2) prehybridization treatment of the sample to increase accessibility of target nucleic acid, and to reduce nonspecific binding; (3) hybridization of the mixture of nucleic acids to the nucleic acid in the biological structure or tissue; (4) post-hybridization washes to remove nucleic acid fragments not bound in the hybridization, and (5) detection of the hybridized nucleic acid fragments. The probes used in such applications are typically labelled, for example, with radioisotopes or fluorescent reporters. Preferred probes are sufficiently long, for example, from about 50, 100, or 200 nucleotides to about 1000 or more nucleotides, to enable specific hybridization with the target nucleic acid(s) under stringent conditions. Standard methods for carrying out FISH are described in Ausubel, F. M. et al., eds. (2004) Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons Inc and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization: Technical Overview by John M. S. Bartlett in Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Methods and Protocols, 2nd ed.; ISBN: 1-59259-760-2; March 2004, pps. 077-088; Series: Methods in Molecular Medicine.

Methods for gene expression profiling are described by (DePrimo et al. (2003), BMC Cancer, 3:3). Briefly, the protocol is as follows: double-stranded cDNA is synthesized from total RNA Using a (dT)24 oligomer for priming first-strand cDNA synthesis, followed by second strand cDNA synthesis with random hexamer primers. The double-stranded cDNA is used as a template for in vitro transcription of cRNA using biotinylated ribonucleotides. cRNA is chemically fragmented according to protocols described by Affymetrix (Santa Clara, Calif., USA), and then hybridized overnight on Human Genome Arrays.

Alternatively, the protein products expressed from the mRNAs may be assayed by immunohistochemistry of tumour samples, solid phase immunoassay with microtitre plates, Western blotting, 2-dimensional SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ELISA, flow cytometry and other methods known in the art for detection of specific proteins. Detection methods would include the use of site specific antibodies. The skilled person will recognize that all such well-known techniques for detection of upregulation of FGFR, and/or VEGFR, or detection of FGFR, and/or VEGFR variants or mutants could be applicable in the present case.

Abnormal levels of proteins such as FGFR or VEGFR can be measured using standard enzyme assays, for example, those assays described herein. Activation or overexpression could also be detected in a tissue sample, for example, a tumour tissue. By measuring the tyrosine kinase activity with an assay such as that from Chemicon International. The tyrosine kinase of interest would be immunoprecipitated from the sample lysate and its activity measured.

Alternative methods for the measurement of the over expression or activation of FGFR or VEGFR including the isoforms thereof, include the measurement of microvessel density. This can for example be measured using methods described by Orre and Rogers (Int J Cancer (1999), 84(2) 101-8). Assay methods also include the use of markers, for example, in the case of VEGFR these include CD31, CD34 and CD105.

Therefore all of these techniques could also be used to identify tumours particularly suitable for treatment with the compounds of the invention.

The compounds of the invention are particular useful in treatment of a patient having a mutated FGFR. The G697C mutation in FGFR3 is observed in 62% of oral squamous cell carcmonas and causes constitutive activation of the kinase activity. Activating mutations of FGFR3 have also been identified in bladder carcinoma cases. These mutations were of 6 kinds with varying degrees of prevelence: R248C, S249C, G372C, S373C, Y375C, K652Q. In addition, a Gly388Arg polymorphism in FGFR4 has been found to be associated with increased incidence and aggressiveness of prostate, colon, lung, liver (HCC) and breast cancer.

Therefore in a further aspect the invention includes use of a compound according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease state or condition in a patient who has been screened and has been determined as suffering from, or being at risk of suffering from, a disease or condition which would be susceptible to treatment with a compound having activity against FGFR.

Particular mutations a patient is screened for include G697C, R248C, S249C, G372C, S373C, Y375C, K652Q mutations in FGFR3 and Gly388Arg polymorphism in FGFR4.

In another aspect the invention includes a compound of the invention for use in the prophylaxis or treatment of cancer in a patient selected from a sub-population possessing a variant of the FGFR gene (for example G697C mutation in FGFR3 and Gly388Arg polymorphism in FGFR4).

MRI determination of vessel normalization (e.g. using MRI gradient echo, spin echo, and contrast enhancement to measure blood volume, relative vessel size, and vascular permeability) in combination with circulating biomarkers (circulating progenitor cells (CPCs), CECs, SDF1, and FGF2) may also be used to identify VEGFR2-resistant tumours for treatment with a compound of the invention.

Pharmaceutical Compositions and Combinations

In view of their useful pharmacological properties, the subject compounds may be formulated into various pharmaceutical forms for administration purposes.

In one embodiment the pharmaceutical composition (e.g. formulation) comprises at least one active compound of the invention together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants, excipients, diluents, fillers, buffers, stabilisers, preservatives, lubricants, or other materials well known to those skilled in the art and optionally other therapeutic or prophylactic agents.

To prepare the pharmaceutical compositions of this invention, an effective amount of a compound of the present invention, as the active ingredient is combined in intimate admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, which carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration. The pharmaceutical compositions can be in any form suitable for oral, parenteral, topical, intranasal, ophthalmic, otic, rectal, intra-vaginal, or transdermal administration. These pharmaceutical compositions are desirably in unitary dosage form suitable, preferably, for administration orally, rectally, percutaneously, or by parenteral injection. For example, in preparing the compositions in oral dosage form, any of the usual pharmaceutical media may be employed, such as, for example, water, glycols, oils, alcohols and the like in the case of oral liquid preparations such as suspensions, syrups, elixirs and solutions; or solid carriers such as starches, sugars, kaolin, lubricants, binders, disintegrating agents and the like in the case of powders, pills, capsules and tablets.

Because of their ease in administration, tablets and capsules represent the most advantageous oral dosage unit form, in which case solid pharmaceutical carriers are obviously employed. For parenteral compositions, the carrier will usually comprise sterile water, at least in large part, though other ingredients, to aid solubility for example, may be included. Injectable solutions, for example, may be prepared in which the carrier comprises saline solution, glucose solution or a mixture of saline and glucose solution. Injectable suspensions may also be prepared in which case appropriate liquid carriers, suspending agents and the like may be employed. In the compositions suitable for percutaneous administration, the carrier optionally comprises a penetration enhancing agent and/or a suitable wetting agent, optionally combined with suitable additives of any nature in minor proportions, which additives do not cause a significant deleterious effect to the skin. Said additives may facilitate the administration to the skin and/or may be helpful for preparing the desired compositions. These compositions may be administered in various ways, e.g., as a transdermal patch, as a spot-on, as an ointment. It is especially advantageous to formulate the aforementioned pharmaceutical compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form as used in the specification and claims herein refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active ingredient calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. Examples of such dosage unit forms are tablets (including scored or coated tablets), capsules, pills, powder packets, wafers, injectable solutions or suspensions, teaspoonfuls, tablespoonfuls and the like, and segregated multiples thereof.

It is especially advantageous to formulate the aforementioned pharmaceutical compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form as used in the specification and claims herein refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active ingredient, calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect, in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. Examples of such dosage unit forms are tablets (including scored or coated tablets), capsules, pills, powder packets, wafers, injectable solutions or suspensions, teaspoonfuls, tablespoonfuls and the like, and segregated multiples thereof.

The compound of the invention is administered in an amount sufficient to exert its anti-tumour activity.

Those skilled in the art could easily determine the effective amount from the test results presented hereinafter. In general it is contemplated that a therapeutically effective amount would be from 0.005 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg body weight, and in particular from 0.005 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg body weight. It may be appropriate to administer the required dose as single, two, three, four or more sub-doses at appropriate intervals throughout the day. Said sub-doses may be formulated as unit dosage forms, for example, containing 0.5 to 500 mg, in particular 1 mg to 500 mg, more in particular 10 mg to 500 mg of active ingredient per unit dosage form.

Depending on the mode of administration, the pharmaceutical composition will preferably comprise from 0.05 to 99% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 70% by weight, even more preferably from 0.1 to 50% by weight of the compound of the present invention, and, from 1 to 99.95% by weight, more preferably from 30 to 99.9% by weight, even more preferably from 50 to 99.9% by weight of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, all percentages being based on the total weight of the composition.

As another aspect of the present invention, a combination of a compound of the present invention with another anticancer agent is envisaged, especially for use as a medicine, more specifically for use in the treatment of cancer or related diseases.

For the treatment of the above conditions, the compounds of the invention may be advantageously employed in combination with one or more other medicinal agents, more particularly, with other anti-cancer agents or adjuvants in cancer therapy. Examples of anti-cancer agents or adjuvants (supporting agents in the therapy) include but are not limited to:

-   -   platinum coordination compounds for example cisplatin optionally         combined with amifostine, carboplatin or oxaliplatin;     -   taxane compounds for example paclitaxel, paclitaxel protein         bound particles (Abraxane™) or docetaxel;     -   topoisomerase I inhibitors such as camptothecin compounds for         example irinotecan, SN-38, topotecan, topotecan hcl;     -   topoisomerase II inhibitors such as anti-tumour         epipodophyllotoxins or podophyllotoxin derivatives for example         etoposide, etoposide phosphate or teniposide;     -   anti-tumour vinca alkaloids for example vinblastine, vincristine         or vinorelbine;     -   anti-tumour nucleoside derivatives for example 5-fluorouracil,         leucovorin, gemcitabine, gemcitabine hcl, capecitabine,         cladribine, fludarabine, nelarabine;     -   alkylating agents such as nitrogen mustard or nitrosourea for         example cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, carmustine, thiotepa,         mephalan (melphalan), lomustine, altretamine, busulfan,         dacarbazine, estramustine, ifosfamide optionally in combination         with mesna, pipobroman, procarbazine, streptozocin,         telozolomide, uracil;     -   anti-tumour anthracycline derivatives for example daunorubicin,         doxorubicin optionally in combination with dexrazoxane, doxil,         idarubicin, mitoxantrone, epirubicin, epirubicin hcl,         valrubicin;     -   molecules that target the IGF-1 receptor for example         picropodophilin;     -   tetracarcin derivatives for example tetrocarcin A;     -   glucocorticoïden for example prednisone;     -   antibodies for example trastuzumab (HER2 antibody), rituximab         (CD20 antibody), gemtuzumab, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, cetuximab,         pertuzumab, bevacizumab, alemtuzumab, eculizumab, ibritumomab         tiuxetan, nofetumomab, panitumumab, tositumomab, CNTO 328;     -   estrogen receptor antagonists or selective estrogen receptor         modulators or inhibitors of estrogen synthesis for example         tamoxifen, fulvestrant, toremifene, droloxifene, faslodex,         raloxifene or letrozole;     -   aromatase inhibitors such as exemestane, anastrozole, letrazole,         testolactone and vorozole;     -   differentiating agents such as retinoids, vitamin D or retinoic         acid and retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents (RAMBA) for         example accutane;     -   DNA methyl transferase inhibitors for example azacytidine or         decitabine;     -   antifolates for example premetrexed disodium;     -   antibiotics for example antinomycin D, bleomycin, mitomycin C,         dactinomycin, carminomycin, daunomycin, levamisole, plicamycin,         mithramycin;     -   antimetabolites for example clofarabine, aminopterin, cytosine         arabinoside or methotrexate, azacitidine, cytarabine,         floxuridine, pentostatin, thioguanine;     -   apoptosis inducing agents and antiangiogenic agents such as         Bcl-2 inhibitors for example YC 137, BH 312, ABT 737, gossypol,         HA 14-1, TW 37 or decanoic acid;     -   tubuline-binding agents for example combrestatin, colchicines or         nocodazole;     -   kinase inhibitors (e.g. EGFR (epithelial growth factor receptor)         inhibitors, MTKI (multi target kinase inhibitors), mTOR         inhibitors) for example flavoperidol, imatinib mesylate,         erlotinib, gefitinib, dasatinib, lapatinib, lapatinib         ditosylate, sorafenib, sunitinib, sunitinib maleate,         temsirolimus;     -   farnesyltransferase inhibitors for example tipifarnib;     -   histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors for example sodium         butyrate, suberoylanilide hydroxamide acid (SAHA), depsipeptide         (FR 901228), NVP-LAQ824, R306465, JNJ-26481585, trichostatin A,         vorinostat;     -   Inhibitors of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway for example         PS-341, MLN 0.41 or bortezomib;     -   Yondelis;     -   Telomerase inhibitors for example telomestatin;     -   Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors for example batimastat,         marimastat, prinostat or metastat.     -   Recombinant interleukins for example aldesleukin, denileukin         diftitox, interferon alfa 2a, interferon alfa 2b, peginterferon         alfa 2b     -   MAPK inhibitors     -   Retinoids for example alitretinoin, bexarotene, tretinoin     -   Arsenic trioxide     -   Asparaginase     -   Steroids for example dromostanolone propionate, megestrol         acetate, nandrolone (decanoate, phenpropionate), dexamethasone     -   Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists or antagonists for         example abarelix, goserelin acetate, histrelin acetate,         leuprolide acetate     -   Thalidomide, lenalidomide     -   Mercaptopurine, mitotane, pamidronate, pegademase, pegaspargase,         rasburicase     -   BH3 mimetics for example ABT-737     -   MEK inhibitors for example PD98059, AZD6244, CI-1040     -   colony-stimulating factor analogs for example filgrastim,         pegfilgrastim, sargramostim; erythropoietin or analogues thereof         (e.g. darbepoetin alfa); interleukin 11; oprelvekin;         zoledronate, zoledronic acid; fentanyl;

bisphosphonate; palifermin.

-   -   a steroidal cytochrome P450 17alpha-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase         inhibitor (CYP17), e.g. abiraterone, abiraterone acetate.

The compounds of the present invention also have therapeutic applications in sensitising tumour cells for radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Hence the compounds of the present invention can be used as “radiosensitizer” and/or “chemosensitizer” or can be given in combination with another “radiosensitizer” and/or “chemosensitizer”.

The term “radiosensitizer”, as used herein, is defined as a molecule, preferably a low molecular weight molecule, administered to animals in therapeutically effective amounts to increase the sensitivity of the cells to ionizing radiation and/or to promote the treatment of diseases which are treatable with ionizing radiation.

The term “chemosensitizer”, as used herein, is defined as a molecule, preferably a low molecular weight molecule, administered to animals in therapeutically effective amounts to increase the sensitivity of cells to chemotherapy and/or promote the treatment of diseases which are treatable with chemotherapeutics.

Several mechanisms for the mode of action of radiosensitizers have been suggested in the literature including: hypoxic cell radiosensitizers (e.g., 2-nitroimidazole compounds, and benzotriazine dioxide compounds) mimicking oxygen or alternatively behave like bioreductive agents under hypoxia; non-hypoxic cell radiosensitizers (e.g., halogenated pyrimidines) can be analogoues of DNA bases and preferentially incorporate into the DNA of cancer cells and thereby promote the radiation-induced breaking of DNA molecules and/or prevent the normal DNA repair mechanisms; and various other potential mechanisms of action have been hypothesized for radiosensitizers in the treatment of disease.

Many cancer treatment protocols currently employ radiosensitizers in conjunction with radiation of x-rays. Examples of x-ray activated radiosensitizers include, but are not limited to, the following: metronidazole, misonidazole, desmethylmisonidazole, pimonidazole, etanidazole, nimorazole, mitomycin C, RSU 1069, SR 4233, EO9, RB 6145, nicotinamide, 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR), 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUdR), bromodeoxycytidine, fluorodeoxyuridine (FudR), hydroxyurea, cisplatin, and therapeutically effective analogs and derivatives of the same.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancers employs visible light as the radiation activator of the sensitizing agent. Examples of photodynamic radiosensitizers include the following, but are not limited to: hematoporphyrin derivatives, Photofrin, benzoporphyrin derivatives, tin etioporphyrin, pheoborbide-a, bacteriochlorophyll-a, naphthalocyanines, phthalocyanines, zinc phthalocyanine, and therapeutically effective analogs and derivatives of the same.

Radiosensitizers may be administered in conjunction with a therapeutically effective amount of one or more other compounds, including but not limited to: compounds which promote the incorporation of radiosensitizers to the target cells; compounds which control the flow of therapeutics, nutrients, and/or oxygen to the target cells; chemotherapeutic agents which act on the tumour with or without additional radiation; or other therapeutically effective compounds for treating cancer or other diseases.

Chemosensitizers may be administered in conjunction with a therapeutically effective amount of one or more other compounds, including but not limited to: compounds which promote the incorporation of chemosensitizers to the target cells; compounds which control the flow of therapeutics, nutrients, and/or oxygen to the target cells; chemotherapeutic agents which act on the tumour or other therapeutically effective compounds for treating cancer or other disease. Calcium antagonists, for example verapamil, are found useful in combination with antineoplastic agents to establish chemosensitivity in tumor cells resistant to accepted chemotherapeutic agents and to potentiate the efficacy of such compounds in drug-sensitive malignancies.

In view of their useful pharmacological properties, the components of the combinations according to the invention, i.e. the one or more other medicinal agent and the compound according to the present invention may be formulated into various pharmaceutical forms for administration purposes. The components may be formulated separately in individual pharmaceutical compositions or in a unitary pharmaceutical composition containing all components.

The present invention therefore also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the one or more other medicinal agent and the compound according to the present invention together with a pharmaceutical carrier.

The present invention further relates to the use of a combination according to the invention in the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting the growth of tumour cells.

The present invention further relates to a product containing as first active ingredient a compound according to the invention and as further active ingredient one or more anticancer agent, as a combined preparation for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in the treatment of patients suffering from cancer.

The one or more other medicinal agents and the compound according to the present invention may be administered simultaneously (e.g. in separate or unitary compositions) or sequentially in either order. In the latter case, the two or more compounds will be administered within a period and in an amount and manner that is sufficient to ensure that an advantageous or synergistic effect is achieved. It will be appreciated that the preferred method and order of administration and the respective dosage amounts and regimes for each component of the combination will depend on the particular other medicinal agent and compound of the present invention being administered, their route of administration, the particular tumour being treated and the particular host being treated. The optimum method and order of administration and the dosage amounts and regime can be readily determined by those skilled in the art using conventional methods and in view of the information set out herein.

The weight ratio of the compound according to the present invention and the one or more other anticancer agent(s) when given as a combination may be determined by the person skilled in the art. Said ratio and the exact dosage and frequency of administration depends on the particular compound according to the invention and the other anticancer agent(s) used, the particular condition being treated, the severity of the condition being treated, the age, weight, gender, diet, time of administration and general physical condition of the particular patient, the mode of administration as well as other medication the individual may be taking, as is well known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, it is evident that the effective daily amount may be lowered or increased depending on the response of the treated subject and/or depending on the evaluation of the physician prescribing the compounds of the instant invention. A particular weight ratio for the present compound of formula (I) and another anticancer agent may range from 1/10 to 10/1, more in particular from 1/5 to 5/1, even more in particular from 1/3 to 3/1.

The platinum coordination compound is advantageously administered in a dosage of 1 to 500 mg per square meter (mg/m²) of body surface area, for example 50 to 400 mg/m², particularly for cisplatin in a dosage of about 75 mg/m² and for carboplatin in about 300 mg/m² per course of treatment.

The taxane compound is advantageously administered in a dosage of 50 to 400 mg per square meter (mg/m²) of body surface area, for example 75 to 250 mg/m², particularly for paclitaxel in a dosage of about 175 to 250 mg/m² and for docetaxel in about 75 to 150 mg/m² per course of treatment.

The camptothecin compound is advantageously administered in a dosage of 0.1 to 400 mg per square meter (mg/m²) of body surface area, for example 1 to 300 mg/m², particularly for irinotecan in a dosage of about 100 to 350 mg/m² and for topotecan in about 1 to 2 mg/m² per course of treatment.

The anti-tumour podophyllotoxin derivative is advantageously administered in a dosage of 30 to 300 mg per square meter (mg/m²) of body surface area, for example 50 to 250 mg/m², particularly for etoposide in a dosage of about 35 to 100 mg/m² and for teniposide in about 50 to 250 mg/m² per course of treatment.

The anti-tumour vinca alkaloid is advantageously administered in a dosage of 2 to 30 mg per square meter (mg/m²) of body surface area, particularly for vinblastine in a dosage of about 3 to 12 mg/m², for vincristine in a dosage of about 1 to 2 mg/m², and for vinorelbine in dosage of about 10 to 30 mg/m² per course of treatment.

The anti-tumour nucleoside derivative is advantageously administered in a dosage of 200 to 2500 mg per square meter (mg/m²) of body surface area, for example 700 to 1500 mg/m², particularly for 5-FU in a dosage of 200 to 500 mg/m², for gemcitabine in a dosage of about 800 to 1200 mg/m² and for capecitabine in about 1000 to 2500 mg/m² per course of treatment.

The alkylating agents such as nitrogen mustard or nitrosourea is advantageously administered in a dosage of 100 to 500 mg per square meter (mg/m²) of body surface area, for example 120 to 200 mg/m², particularly for cyclophosphamide in a dosage of about 100 to 500 mg/m², for chlorambucil in a dosage of about 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg, for carmustine in a dosage of about 150 to 200 mg/m², and for lomustine in a dosage of about 100 to 150 mg/m² per course of treatment.

The anti-tumour anthracycline derivative is advantageously administered in a dosage of 10 to 75 mg per square meter (mg/m²) of body surface area, for example 15 to 60 mg/m², particularly for doxorubicin in a dosage of about 40 to 75 mg/m², for daunorubicin in a dosage of about 25 to 45 mg/m², and for idarubicin in a dosage of about 10 to 15 mg/m² per course of treatment.

The antiestrogen agent is advantageously administered in a dosage of about 1 to 100 mg daily depending on the particular agent and the condition being treated. Tamoxifen is advantageously administered orally in a dosage of 5 to 50 mg, preferably 10 to 20 mg twice a day, continuing the therapy for sufficient time to achieve and maintain a therapeutic effect. Toremifene is advantageously administered orally in a dosage of about 60 mg once a day, continuing the therapy for sufficient time to achieve and maintain a therapeutic effect. Anastrozole is advantageously administered orally in a dosage of about 1 mg once a day. Droloxifene is advantageously administered orally in a dosage of about 20-100 mg once a day. Raloxifene is advantageously administered orally in a dosage of about 60 mg once a day. Exemestane is advantageously administered orally in a dosage of about 25 mg once a day.

Antibodies are advantageously administered in a dosage of about 1 to 5 mg per square meter (mg/m²) of body surface area, or as known in the art, if different. Trastuzumab is advantageously administered in a dosage of 1 to 5 mg per square meter (mg/m²) of body surface area, particularly 2 to 4 mg/m² per course of treatment.

These dosages may be administered for example once, twice or more per course of treatment, which may be repeated for example every 7, 14, 21 or 28 days.

The compounds of formula (I), the pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, in particular pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, and stereoisomeric forms thereof can have valuable diagnostic properties in that they can be used for detecting or identifying the formation of a complex between a labelled compound and other molecules, peptides, proteins, enzymes or receptors.

The detecting or identifying methods can use compounds that are labelled with labelling agents such as radioisotopes, enzymes, fluorescent substances, luminous substances, etc. Examples of the radioisotopes include ¹²⁵I, ¹³¹I, ³H and ¹⁴C. Enzymes are usually made detectable by conjugation of an appropriate substrate which, in turn catalyses a detectable reaction. Examples thereof include, for example, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase and malate dehydrogenase, preferably horseradish peroxidase. The luminous substances include, for example, luminol, luminol derivatives, luciferin, aequorin and luciferase.

Biological samples can be defined as body tissue or body fluids. Examples of body fluids are cerebrospinal fluid, blood, plasma, serum, urine, sputum, saliva and the like.

General Synthetic Routes

The following examples illustrate the present invention but are examples only and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims in any way.

Experimental Part

Hereinafter, the term ‘CH₃CN’ means acetonitrile, ‘DCM’ means dichloromethane, ‘TBAF’ means tetrabutylammonium fluoride, ‘K₂CO₃’ means potassium carbonate, ‘MgSO₄’ means magnesium sulphate, ‘MeOH’ means methanol, ‘EtOH’ means ethanol, ‘EtOAc’ means ethyl acetate, ‘Et₃N’ means triethylamine, ‘HOBt’ means 1-hydroxy-1H-benzotriazole, ‘DPPP’ means 1,3-propanediylbis[diphenylphosphine, ‘DIPE’ means diisopropyl ether, ‘THF’ means tetrahydrofuran, ‘NH₄Cl’ means ammonium chloride, ‘Pd(PPh₃)₄’ means tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, DIPEA′ means N-ethyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-2-propylamine, ‘DMF’ means N,N-dimethylformamide, ‘NaH’ means sodium hydride, ‘Pd₂(dba)₃’ means tris(dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0), ‘HOAc’ means acetic acid, ‘PPh₃’ means triphenylphosphine, ‘NH₄OH’ means ammonium hydroxide, ‘TBDMSCI’ means tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride, ‘S-Phos’ means dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxy[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)-phosphine, ‘X-Phos’ means dicyclohexyl[2′,4′,6′-tris(1-methylethyl)[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl]-phosphine, ‘Na₂SO₄’ means sodium sulfate, ‘i-PrOH’ means 2-propanol, ‘t-BuOH’ means 2-methyl-2-propanol, ‘K₃PO₄’ means potassium phosphate, MP means melting point.

A. Preparation of the Intermediates Example A1 External User

7-bromo-2(1H)-quinoxalinone (47.2 g; 210 mmol) was added to phosphorus oxychloride (470 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 2 hours, cooled down to room temperature and evaporated to dryness. The crude product was taken up into DCM and poured onto ice, water and K₂CO₃ powder. The mixture was filtered over celite. The celite was washed twice with DCM. The organic layer was decanted, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and evaporated to dryness to give 49 g (96%) of intermediate 1 (grey solid). MP=146° C.

Intermediate 1 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure: Thionyl chloride (407.5 mL; 5.59 mol), then N,N-dimethylformamide (34.6 mL; 0.45 mol) were added dropwise to a mixture of 7-bromo-2(1H)-quinoxalinone (500 g; 2.24 mol) in toluene (7.61 L). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 17 hours then cooled to 35° C. and poured cautiously onto water. The bi-phasic mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and then decanted. The organic layer was evaporated to dryness and the residue crystallized in methyl-tert-butyl ether, filtered and the precipitate washed with methyl-tert-butyl ether and dried to give 407 g (74.7%) of intermediate 1. Filtrate was evaporated and re-crystallized in methyl-tert-butyl ether to provide a second fraction of 72 g (13.2%) of intermediate 1.

b-1) Preparation of Intermediate 2

Under N₂, intermediate 1 (20 g; 82.1 mmol), 1-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (17.1 g; 82.1 mmol), 2M sodium carbonate aqueous solution (41.1 mL; 82.1 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (200 mL) were degassed by bubbling nitrogen through for 15 minutes. Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) (0.95 g; 0.82 mmol) was added and heated at reflux for 15 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and evaporated to dryness to give 29.9 g. The crude compound was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 1000 g MATREX; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% CH₃OH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated till dryness to give 19.5 g (82%) of intermediate 2. MP=172° C.

Intermediate 2 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure: Intermediate 1 (502 g; 2.06 mol), 1-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (450.42 g; 2.16 mol), triphenylphosphine (10.82 g; 0.041 mol) and palladium(II)acetate were added to a mixture of sodium carbonate (240.37 g; 2.267 mol), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (5.48 L) and water (1.13 L). The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 20 hours, then 1-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (42.9 g; 0.206 mol) was added and the reaction mixture refluxed until complete conversion (4 hours). The reaction mixture was poured out in water, stirred for 2 hours at room temperature, filtered and the precipitate was washed with water. The precipitate was then triturated in methanol and filtered. The precipitate was washed with methanol and dried to give 532.2 g (89%) of intermediate 2 (off-white powder).

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

c-1) Preparation of Intermediate 3

A mixture of intermediate 2 (20 g; 69.2 mmol), 3,5-dimethoxyaniline (10.6 g; 69.2 mmol), sodium tert-butoxide (20 g; 0.21 mol) and 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine (2.2 g; 3.5 mmol) in dioxane (500 mL) was degassed at room temperature under N₂ flow. After 10 minutes, palladium(II) acetate (0.78 g; 3.5 mmol) was added portionwise at room temperature under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was heated at 90° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and partitioned between water and EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to give 40 g of crude compound. This residue was taken up into DCM/Et₂O (3/7) and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was filtered off and dried to give 20 g of intermediate 3 (brown solid). The filtrate was evaporated to dryness to give 40 g of a crude compound which was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 450 g MATREX; Mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% CH₃OH). The pure fractions were concentrated to give 4.2 g of intermediate 3 (brown solid). MP=199° C. (DSC).

Overall yield=96.8%.

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

D = deuterium

Intermediate 3 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure.

A mixture of intermediate 2 (80 g; 277 mmol), 3,5-dimethoxyaniline (47.6 g; 304 mmol) and cesium carbonate (108.2 g; 332 mmol) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (1.1 L) was stirred at 80° C. under N₂ flow and then cooled to room temperature (solution A). In another flask under N₂, a mixture of palladium(II)acetate (0.62 g; 2.8 mmol) and racemic-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphtyl (1.76 g; 2.8 mmol) was stirred at 40° C. for 15 minutes and then added to solution A at 35° C. The new reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 20 hours, cooled to 50° C. and water was added (1.11 L). The reaction mixture was seeded with crystals of intermediate 3 and extra water (0.55 L) was added before cooling to room temperature. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with water, then recrystallized in isopropylalcohol (with seeding). The precipitate was filtered off, washed with diisopropylether and dried to provide 79.2 g (79.2%) of intermediate 3.

Intermediate 3 was Alternatively Also Prepared Using the Following Procedure.

a-2) Preparation of Intermediate 4

2-Chloro-7-nitroquinoxaline (27.8 g, 133 mmol), 1-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (30.4 g, 146 mmol), 2M Na₂CO₃ aqueous solution (66.3 mL, 133 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (330 mL) were degassed with N₂ for 15 minutes. Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) (1.5 g, 1.33 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 7 hours. The reaction was poured into water. The precipitate was filtered off, taken-up with EtOAc, then filtered and dried under vacuum to give 31.4 g (93%) of intermediate 4 (yellow solid). MP=231° C. (DSC).

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

b-2) Preparation of Intermediate 5

A mixture of intermediate 4 (15.7 g, 61.5 mmol) and Raney nickel (16 g) in CH₃OH (380 mL) and THF (60 mL) was hydrogenated under a 3 bars pressure overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered on a celite pad which was washed 3 times with CH₃OH/DCM (50/50), then several times with a mixture of MeOH/acetone. The combined filtrates were evaporated till dryness to give 13.1 g (95%) of intermediate 5 (brown solid). MP=240° C. (DSC).

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

Intermediate 5 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure.

A 200 mL stainless steel autoclave was charged under N₂ atmosphere with intermediate 2 (5 g, 17.3 mmol), NH₄OH (100 mL) and Cu₂O (0.1 g) The autoclave was closed and the reaction was carried out for 16 hours at a temperature of 150° C. The reaction mixture was extracted with DCM, the organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄) and filtered. The filtrate was evaporated till dryness and the residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (kromasil C18 100 A 5 μm, Eka nobel; mobile phase, from 90% of a 0.25% solution of ammonium bicarbonate in water, 10% MeOH to 100% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected to give 2.4 g (61.6%) of intermediate 5.

c-2) Preparation of Intermediate 3

The experiment has been performed 3 times on the following amount.

A mixture of intermediate 5 (2.12 g, 9.4 mmol), 1-bromo-3,5-dimethoxybenzene (2.25 g, 10.4 mmol), sodium tert-butoxide (2.71 g, 28.3 mmol) and 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine] (0.29 g, 0.47 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (40 mL) was degassed with N₂ for 10 minutes. Palladium(II) acetate (0.21 g, 0.94 mmol) was added and the mixture was heated at 135° C. for 60 minutes under microwave irradiation The mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into H₂O and EtOAc. The 3 experiments were combined for the work up. The mixture was filtered over celite. The filtrate was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO₄, filtered and evaporated to dryness to give 11.3 g of crude compound. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, (450 g) MATREX; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% iPrOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 7.6 g (74%) of intermediate 3 (brown solid).

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

and

and

a-4) Preparation of Intermediate 6

Tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (2.096 g, 13.9 mmol) was added to 3-chloro-5-methoxybenzenemethanol (2 g, 11.6 mmol) in DCM (40 mL) at 0° C., followed by imidazole (2.5 g, 36.85 mmol). The reaction mixture was slowly allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and water. The 2 phases were separated, the organic phase was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated to give an oil which solidified on standing. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 90 g; mobile phase 30% EtOAc, 70% pentane). The fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 2.56 g (77%) of intermediate 6.

b-4) Preparation of Intermediate 7

Intermediate 6 (1.39 g, 3.9 mmol), intermediate 5 (0.7 g, 3.1 mmol), Cs₂CO₃ (3 g, 0.3 mmol), tris(dibenzilideneacetone)dipalladium (0.28 g, 0.3 mmol) and X-Phos (0.33 g, 0.68 mmol) in t-BuOH (20 mL) were stirred at 100° C. under microwave irradiation for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and the filtrate was concentrated to ˜1/3 of the initial volume. H₂O and EtOAc were added and the organic phase was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Hyperprep C18 HS BDS 100 A 8 mu (Shandon); mobile phase gradient from 70% of a 0.25% solution of ammonium bicarbonate in water/30% CH₃CN to 10% of a 0.25% solution of ammoniumbicarbonate in water/90% CH₃CN). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 418 mg of intermediate 7.

a-5) Preparation of Intermediate 8

A mixture of intermediate 13 (see hereinafter) (9.45 g, 29.9 mmol), 1-(1-methylethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (8.48 g, 35.9 mmol), potassium phosphate (15.88 g, 74.8 mmol) and dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxy[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (1.23 g, 3.0 mmol) in dioxane (125 mL) and H₂O (25 mL) was degassed at room temperature under N₂ flow. After 10 minutes, Pd(PPh₃)₄ (1.73 g, 1.5 mmol) was added portionwise. The reaction mixture was then heated at 80° C. overnight, then cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the organic layer was washed with water, then with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (20.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 1000 g MATREX; mobile phase 95% DCM, 5% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 10 g (85%). of intermediate 8.

Example A2 Preparation of Intermediate 9

NaH (1.77 g; 44.27 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 3 (8 g; 22.13 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (160 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour. Then, (2-bromoethoxy)-tert-butyldimethylsilane (9.5 mL; 44.27 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C. then, allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred overnight. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 17 g of a residue which was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 200 g; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 96% DCM, 4% MeOH).

The pure fractions were collected and concentrated yielding 11 g (95%) of intermediate 9.

Intermediate 9 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure.

a) Preparation of Intermediate 40

A mixture of 3,5-dimethoxyphenylamine (250 g; 1.63 mol), cesium carbonate (319 g; 0.98 mol) and water (0.33 L) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (2 L) was heated to 60° C. Then carbonochloridic acid, 2-chloroethyl ester (250 g; 1.75 mol) was added dropwise at this temperature over 1 hour. A solution of potassium hydroxide (458 g; 8.2 mol) in water (1.3 L) was added in one portion. The reaction mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 30 minutes, then heated at 100° C. to distill off 1,2-dimethoxyethane using a Dean-Starck trap. The residue was cooled to 50° C. and extracted with methyl-tert-butyl ether (1.14 L). The organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the filtrate was evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized in a mixture of methyl-tert-butyl ether and heptane. The precipitate was filtered off and dried to provide 241.8 g (75%) of intermediate 40.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 41

TBDMSCI (262.7 g; 1.74 mol) was added portionwise over 10 minutes, under a N₂ atmosphere, to a solution of intermediate 40 (327.4 g; 1.66 mol) and 1H-imidazole (124.3 g; 1.825 mol) in DCM (3.3 L) at room temperature. Upon completion of the reaction, water (3.3 L) was added and the organic layer was decanted, washed with water (3.3 L), dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the filtrate was filtered on silica gel and concentrated to give 496 g (95.9%) of intermediate 41, used crude for the next step.

c) Preparation of Intermediate 9

Under an inert atmosphere, a solution of palladium(II) acetate (1.16 g; 5.2 mmol), racemic 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphtyl (4.4 g; 6.9 mmol) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (52 mL) was added at room temperature to a solution of intermediate 2 (100 g; 346 mmol), intermediate 41 (118.5 g; 380.5 mmol) and cesium carbonate (135 g; 415 mmol) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (1.4 L). The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. over 1 hour, stirred at this temperature for 2 hours and refluxed overnight. Water (0.5 L) and DCM (1.5 L) were then added at room temperature and the organic layer was separated, washed with water and evaporated till dryness to provide crude intermediate 9 (211 g) which can directly be used into the next step.

Example A3 Preparation of Intermediate 10

Methanesulfonyl chloride (3.8 mL; 49.33 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 1 (10 g; 24.66 mmol) and Et₃N (8.58 mL; 61.67 mmol) in DCM (250 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then 1 hour at room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness (30° C.). The residue was precipitated by addition of DIPE. The solid was filtered yielding, after drying, 10.09 g (94%) of intermediate 10 (red solid). MP=161° C. (kofler).

starting Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol from

compound 3

Example A4

a-1) Preparation of Intermediate 11

NaH (1.1 g; 27.67 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 3 (5 g; 13.83 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (80 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour then (3-bromopropoxy) (1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilane (6.41 mL, 27.67 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred 1 hour at 5° C. then warmed to room temperature and stirred overnight. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give a crude residue (9.1 g). Purification by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 98% DCM, 2% MeOH) afforded after concentration of the pure fractions 7 g (94%) of intermediate 11.

Intermediate 11 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure. NaH (31.65 g, 60% w/w in oil; 0.79 mol) was added portionwise over 15 minutes to a cooled (−2° C.) solution of intermediate 3 (130 g; 0.36 mol) in N,N-dimethylacetamide. The reaction mixture was stirred at −2° C. for 30 minutes before addition of (3-bromopropoxy) (1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilane (100.2 g; 0.4 mol). The reaction mixture was further stirred at −2° C. for 1.5 hours and overnight at room temperature after removal of the cooling system. The reaction mixture was then poured out in water (2.5 L), DCM (1 L) was added and the pH was adjusted to 6 with acetic acid. The layers were separated, the organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated till dryness to provide 167.2 g (87%) of intermediate 11.

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

Intermediate 11 was Alternatively Also Prepared Using the Following Procedure.

a-2) Preparation of Intermediate 12

7-Bromo-2(1H)-quinoxalinone (25 g; 0.11 mol), 3,5-dimethoxyaniline (20.42 g; 0.133 mol), sodium tert-butoxide (32 g; 0.333 mol), 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine] (6.9 g; 0.011 mol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (400 mL) were degassed with N₂ for 10 minutes. Palladium(II) acetate (2.5 g; 0.011 mol) was added and the mixture refluxed for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and the solvent was concentrated under vacuum to 150 mL. The residue was poured onto ice water (1.5 L) under stirring and EtOAc was added (100 mL). The suspension was stirred at room temperature overnight and the precipitate was filtered off, washed with water, then CH₃CN and dried yielding 33 g of intermediate 12.

b-2-a) Preparation of Intermediate 13

Intermediate 12 (30 g; 0.1 mol) was added portionwise at room temperature to phosphorus oxychloride (415 mL). Then the reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. and stirred at this temperature for 40 minutes. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and phosphorous oxychloride was removed under vacuum. The residue was carefully poured onto an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 450 g; mobile phase, gradient from 100% DCM to 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, to give 22.6 g (70%) of intermediate 13. MP=137° C. (Kofler).

Intermediate 13 was Alternatively Also Prepared Using the Following Procedure.

b-2-b) N-Chlorosuccinimide (11.23 g; 84.08 mmol) was added portionwise at room temperature to a suspension of PPh₃ (22.05 g, 84.08 mmol) in dioxane (500 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Intermediate 12 (5 g; 16.8 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 5 hours, then cooled to room temperature and basified with Et₃N (10 mL) under stirring. The suspension was stirred overnight and the insoluble material was removed by filtration. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue (35 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 400 g; mobile phase 100% DCM). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness, yielding 2 g (37%) of intermediate 13.

c-2) Preparation of Intermediate 14

NaH (1.48 g; 37.1 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 13 (9 g; 28.50 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then, (3-bromopropoxy)(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilane (8.58 mL; 37.1 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C. then allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 4 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (17.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 1000 g, MATREX; mobile phase 98% DCM, 2% Cyclohexane). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 13.3 g (95%) of intermediate 14.

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

d-2) Preparation of Intermediate 11

A mixture of intermediate 14 (15.5 g; 31.8 mmol), 1-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (9.9 g; 47.6 mmol), potassium phosphate (13.5 g; 63.5 mmol) and dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxy[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (1.3 g; 3.2 mmol) in dioxane (380 mL) and H₂O (150 mL) was stirred at room temperature under N₂ flow. After 10 minutes, Pd₂(dba)₃ (1.45 g; 1.6 mmol) was added portionwise at room temperature under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. The mixture was filtered over celite. Celite was washed with DCM. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 21 g (99%) of intermediate 11.

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

Example A5 a) Preparation of Intermediate 15

Methanesulfonyl chloride (3.53 mL, 45.77 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 3 (9.6 g, 22.88 mmol) and triethylamine (7.96 mL, 57.21 mmol) in DCM (250 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour allowing the temperature to rise to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The crude residue was taken up into DIPE. The precipitated was filtered yielding, after drying, 10.5 g (92%) of intermediate 15.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 16

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.97 mL, 12.52 mmol) was added dropwise to a suspension of compound 2 (0.98 g, 2.50 mmol) and Et₃N (2.09 mL, 15.02 mmol) in DCM (50 mL) at 5° C. under N₂. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The solution was evaporated at room temperature yielding 1.38 g of intermediate 16. The residue was used without purification for the next step.

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

c) Preparation of Intermediate 143

Methanesulfonyl chloride (519 μL, 6.7 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 389 (1.5 g, 3.35 mmol), triethylamine (1.2 mL, 8.4 mmol), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (40.95 mg, 0.335 mmol) in DCM (50 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then at room temperature for 36 hours. Water and DCM were added and the organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallised from acetonitrile and Et₂O. The resulting solid was filtered and dried to give 622 mg (35%) of a yellow solid intermediate 143.

Example A6

a-1) Preparation of Intermediate 17

NaH (16.88 g; 0.42 mol) in suspension in heptane was slowly added to a solution of intermediate 17a (100 g; 0.201 mol) and 1,1-dimethylethyl ester N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-carbamic acid (48.03 g; 0.241 mol) in N,N-dimethylacetamide (1 L) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 0° C., allowed to warm to room temperature in 1 hour and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was carefully quenched with water (1 L) and the solution was extracted twice with DCM. The combined organic layers were washed with water, decanted and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in toluene, the organic layer was washed with water and evaporated to dryness to provide 147 g of intermediate 17 which was used without further purification in the next step.

Intermediate 17 was Alternatively Also Prepared Using the Following Procedure

a-2) NaH (1 g; 24.94 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 3 (4.5 g; 12.47 mmol) and intermediate 69 (5.02 g; 14.96 mmol) in DMF (47 mL) at 5° C. The reaction mixture was heated at 60° C. for 1 hour, then cooled to room temperature, poured onto iced water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was decanted, washed with water then brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was combined with an analogously prepared product fraction (using 1.4 g of intermediate 3) and then purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15/40 μm) mobile phase gradient from 99% DCM/1% CH₃OH to 97% DCM/3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness yielding 5.8 g (77%) of intermediate 17. MP=113° C.

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

Example A7 a) Preparation of Intermediate 18

NaH (830 mg; 20.75 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 3 (5 g; 13.84 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (150 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour then a solution of 2-(3-bromopropoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran (3.5 mL; 20.75 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C., then allowed to warm to room temperature. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to give 8.46 g of intermediate 18.

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

a mixture of

and

Example A8 a) Preparation of Intermediate 19

NaH (882 mg; 22.04 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 13 (5.8 g; 18.4 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) under N₂ at 5° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and (bromomethyl)cyclopropane (2.2 mL; 22.04 mmol) was added dropwise. The mixture was stirred for another 20 minutes at 5° C., then at room temperature for 1.5 hour. The reaction mixture was poured into H₂O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness, yielding 6.7 g (98%) of intermediate 19.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 20

A mixture of intermediate 19 (3 g; 8.1 mmol), 1-Boc-pyrazole-4-boronic acid pinacol ester (2.86 g; 9.7 mmol), potassium phosphate (3.44 g; 16.2 mmol), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl (0.33 g; 0.811 mmol) in dioxane (60 mL) and H₂O (6 mL) was stirred at room temperature under N₂ flow. After 10 minutes, tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0.3 g; 0.41 mmol) was added portionwise at room temperature and the mixture was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the mixture was filtered through a layer of celite. The celite was washed with EtOAc, then the filtrate was extracted with EtOAc, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g MERCK; mobile phase 0.05% NH₄OH, 99% DCM, 1% iPrOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness, yielding 1.48 g (36%) of intermediate 20.

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

Example A9

a-1) Preparation of Intermediate 21

7-Bromo-2-chloroquinoxaline (10 g, 41.1 mmol), 1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (11.42 g, 41.1 mmol), sodium carbonate 2M (20.5 mL, 41.1 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (100 mL) were degassed with N₂ for 15 minutes, Pd(PPh₃)₄ (1.4 g, 1.2 mmol) was added and heated at reflux for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into H₂O and EtOAc. The precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum to give 12 g (84%) of intermediate 21.

Intermediate 21 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure. a-2) Trifluoroacetic acid (5.55 μl; 0.075 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of 7-bromo-2-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxaline (410 mg; 1.5 mmol) and 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (0.16 mL; 1.8 mmol) in toluene (4 mL) and the reaction mixture was heated to 60° C. for 2 days, then cooled to room temperature and evaporated till dryness, yielding 550 mg of intermediate 21.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 22

A mixture of intermediate 21 (1.5 g; 4.2 mmol), aniline (0.58 mL; 6.23 mmol), sodium tert-butoxide (1.2 g; 12.5 mmol) and 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine] (260 mg; 0.42 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (45 mL) was degassed with N₂ for 30 minutes, then palladium(II) acetate (93.7 mg; 0.42 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 4 hours. H₂O/ice was added and the product was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with H₂O, a saturated aqueous solution of NaCl, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The crude product was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH 15-40 μm, 90 g; mobile phase gradient from 99% DCM/1% MeOH to 97% DCM/3% MeOH/0.1% NH₄OH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness yielding 1.1 g (70%) of intermediate 22 A fraction (0.7 g) was re-purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase Gradient from 100% DCM to 0.4% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% CH₃OH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness, yielding 0.071 g (4.5%) of intermediate 22.

c) Preparation of Compound 123

NaH (116.3 mg; 2.9 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 22 (0.9 g; 2.4 mmol) in DMF (14 mL) at 5° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. (Bromomethyl)cyclopropane (0.28 mL; 2.9 mmol) was added dropwise and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C., then at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was poured into H₂O and extracted twice with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of NaCl, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The crude product was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 30 g, 15-40 μm; mobile phase 98% DCM/2% CH₃OH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness to give 0.5 g (48%) of compound. A fraction (0.4 g) was re-purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g, PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase 99% DCM, 1% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 85 mg (8%) of compound 123.

d) Preparation of Compound 54

At 5° C., HCl/i-PrOH (80 μl 5/6N; 0.4 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 123 (85 mg; 0.2 mmol) in CH₃OH (5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 4 hours. Diethyl ether (8 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, then the precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 58 mg (71%) of compound 54 MP=138° C. (Kofler).

e) Preparation of Intermediate 23

The reaction was done under a nitrogen atmosphere. NaH (0.058 g; 1.46 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 54 (0.25 g; 0.73 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) at 5° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, then 2-(2-bromoethoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran (0.23 mL; 1.46 mmol) was added dropwise and the reaction mixture was further stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured into an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude product was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm 30 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 99% DCM, 1% CH₃OH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness, yielding 250 mg (72%) of intermediate 23.

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

7-bromo-2-(1H-pyrazol-4- yl)quinoxaline

Intermediate 691

used to prepare compound 691 according to B14A, was prepared in an analogous way:

The experiment has been performed 4 times on the following amounts.

A mixture of compound 137 (HCl salt) (2 g; 4.6 mmol), 2-bromoethoxy-t-butyl dimethylsilane (1.3 mL; 7.4 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (1.3 g; 9.3 mmol) in CH₃CN (80 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 24 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layers were combined, separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (12.3 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 15-40 μm, 450; mobile phase gradient from 0.5% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH to 0.5% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 6 g of intermediate 691

Example A10 Preparation of Intermediate 24

To a solution of intermediate 65 (1.1 g; 2.25 mmol) in THF (15 mL) and H₂O (15 mL) was added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (0.34 g; 4.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. THF was evaporated and H₂O and HCl were added. The precipitate was filtered and dried, yielding 976 mg (94%) of intermediate 24.

Intermediate prepared according to the above protocol starting from

Example A11

Preparation of Intermediate 25

A solution of intermediate 2 (1 g; 0.35 mmol), cyclopropanemethylamine (0.51 g, 6.9 mmol) 1,1′-[1,t-Binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine] (0.215 g, 0.35 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (1.0 g, 10.4 mmol) in ethyleneglycol-dimethylether (15 mL) was degassed with N₂ for 10 minutes. Then palladium(II) acetate (47% Pd) (77.6 mg, 0.35 mmol) was added and the reaction was heated under microwave irradiation to 135° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, then poured into an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined and dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm; mobile phase, gradient from 10% DCM to 95% DCM/5% MeOH/0.1% NH₄OH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated, yielding 710 mg (74%) of intermediate 25. MP=149° C. (kofler).

Example A12 a) Preparation of Intermediate 26

Methanesulfonyl chloride (61 μL, 0.78 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 24 (0.13 g, 0.26 mmol), Et₃N (0.18 mL, 1.3 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) at 5° C. under N₂. The solution was stirred for 1.5 hours at 10° C. The solution was poured out into ice water, the organic layer was extracted, dried (MgSO₄) and evaporated to dryness at room temperature, yielding 137 mg of intermediate 26.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 27

A solution of intermediate 26 (0.31 g; 0.0006 mol), phthalimide (0.17 g, 0.0012 mol) and K₂CO₃ (0.21 g; 0.0015 mol) in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (10 mL) were heated at 150° C. for 15 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and evaporated to dryness. The residue was taken up with DCM, then an aqueous K₂CO₃ solution (10%) were added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH/99% DCM/1% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 212 mg (63%) of intermediate 27.

Example A13 a) Preparation of Intermediate 28

Hydrazine monohydrate (2.57 mL, 0.083 mol) was added to a solution of compound 65 (3.71 g, 8.29 mmol) in EtOH (35 mL). The mixture was stirred overnight at reflux. Hydrazine monohydrate (2.57 mL, 0.083 mol) was added again and the mixture was refluxed for 15 hours. After cooling down to room temperature, the precipitate was filtered off, washed with EtOH and dried to give 2.6 g (72%) of intermediate 28.

Example A14 a) Preparation of Intermediate 29

NaH (0.077 g; 2 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 107 (0.63 g; 1.2 mmol) in DMF (10 mL). The mixture was stirred at 10° C. for 60 minutes, then ethyl bromoacetate (0.16 mL, 1.45 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The mixture was poured into water and the product was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with water, brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated until dryness. The residue (1 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried, yielding 0.55 g (75%) of intermediate 29.

Example A15 a) Preparation of Intermediate 30

To a mixture of intermediate 2 (700 mg; 2.4 mmol), intermediate 39 (781 mg; 2.66 mmol), sodium tert-butoxide (698 mg; 7.3 mmol), 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine] (151 mg; 0.24 mmol) in dioxane (12 mL) was degassed at room temperature under N2 flow. After 10 minutes, palladium (II) acetate (109 mg; 0.48 mmol) was added at room temperature under N2 flow. The reaction was performed under microwave irradiation at 130° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was poured out onto ice water and filtered over celite. Celite was washed with DCM. The organic layer was decanted, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g MERCK; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% iPrOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 320 mg (26%) of intermediate 30.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 31

Intermediate 30 (300 mg, 0.598 mmol) in HCl (3N) (10.96 mL, 33 mmol) and THF (10 mL) was stirred at 65° C. for 2 hours, then for 6 hours at 70° C., and poured out onto ice. The solution was made basic with K₂CO₃ powder and extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated, yielding 270 mg (98%) of intermediate 31.

Example A16 a) Preparation of Intermediate 32

Acetic anhydride (3.24 mL) was added portionwise over ten minutes to a stirred suspension of 3,5-dimethoxyaniline (5 g, 32.64 mmol) in toluene (25 mL). After stirring at room temperature for 17 hours, petroleum ether was added and the precipitate collected by suction filtration and dried under vacuum. The crude product (6.1 g, 96%) was used in the next step without further purification.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 33

N-(3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-acetamide (intermediate 32) (15 g, 76.8 mmol) was dissolved in AcOH (50 mL). The solution was cooled to 0° C. and 32% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (41 mL, 461 mmol) was added. A solution of sodium chlorate (3.5 g, 33 mmol) in water (4 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at 0° C. The reaction mixture was poured out onto ice and water and made basic with K₂CO₃ powder. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with water.

The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g MERCK; mobile phase 80% DCM, 20% EtOAc) to give 8.8 g (50%) of intermediate 33.

c) Preparation of Intermediate 34

Potassium hydroxide (10.7 g, 192 mmol) was added to a solution of N-(2-Chloro-3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-acetamide (intermediate 33) (8.8 g, 38.3 mmol) in EtOH (500 mL) and water (50 mL) and the reaction mixture heated to reflux for 18 hours. Upon cooling, water was added (ca 30 mL) and the EtOH removed in vacuum. The residue was then partitioned between water and diethyl ether. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated to afford 7 g (97%) of intermediate 34 (white solid).

Example A17

Preparation of Intermediate 35

A mixture of 2,4-dimethoxy-6-nitrotoluene (2 g, 10.1 mmol) and nickel (2 g) in MeOH (30 mL) was hydrogenated under a 3 bars pressure for 6 hours. The product was filtered over a celite pad which was washed 3 times with a solution of MeOH/DCM (50/50). The combined filtrates were evaporated till dryness to give 1.68 g (99%) of intermediate 35.

Example A18 a) Preparation of Intermediate 36

A mixture of 3-amino-5-methoxy-benzoic acid (300 mg, 1.8 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (292 mg, 2.1 mmol), N-Ethyl-N′β-dimethylaminocarbodiimide hydrochloride (413 mg, 2.1 mmol), and ethyl amine (2.7 mL, 5.4 mmol, 2M in MeOH) in dimethylformamide (6 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The solvent was evaporated under vacuum and the residue partitioned between DCM and water. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with further DCM. The combined organic layers were dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel eluting with 2% MeOH/DCM. The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 150 mg (43%) of intermediate 36 (colourless oil).

b) Preparation of Intermediate 135

A mixture of 3-amino-5-fluorobenzoic acid (10 g; 64.5 mmol), methylamine in THF (96.7 mL; 193.4 mmol), 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (14.8 g; 77.4 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (10.5 g; 77.4 mmol), in N,N-dimethylformamide (150 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into a solution of sodium hydroxide 1 N and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated.

The aqueous layer was neutralized with concentrated HCl and extracted with EtOAc.

The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness to give 5 g of 3-amino-5-methoxy-N-methyl-benzamide (intermediate 135).

Example A19 Preparation of Intermediate 37

A solution of deoxofluor in toluene (0.478 mmol; 0.176 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 124 (0.159 mmol; 90 mg) in DCM (8 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. After 5 minutes, EtOH (a drop) was added. The mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The mixture was basified with K₂CO₃ 10% and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The obtained residue (0.090 g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15/40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 97% DCM/3% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.070 g, 77%) was crystallized from diethyl ether/CH₃CN, filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.055 g (60%) of intermediate 37.

Example A20 Preparation of Intermediate 38

In a round bottom flask, 3,5-dimethoxybenzenamine (500 mg, 3.26 mmol), 3-oxetanone (588 mg, 8.16 mmol) and acetic acid (374 μL, 6.53 mmol) were diluted in MeOH (21 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Then, sodium cyanoborohydride (410 mg, 6.53 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. Then, NaOH 3N (15 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature. The reaction mixture was partitioned between water and DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated. The residue (1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15 40 μm; mobile phase 100% DCM). The desired fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 377 mg (55%) of intermediate 38 (colorless oil).

Example A21 Preparation of Intermediate 39

Sodium cyanoborohydride (4.55 g, 72.5 mmol) was added to a solution of 3,5-dimethoxyaniline (3.7 g, 24.15 mmol), 1,4-cyclohexanedione mono-ethylene ketal (15 g, 96.6 mmol) and acetic acid (5.5 mL, 96 mmol) in CH₃CN (50 mL) at room temperature (exothermicity observed). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight. Aqueous NaHCO₃ solution was added and the mixture was extracted twice with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and dried. The residue (21 g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiO₂, 15-40 μm, 90 g; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 7% CH₃OH/93% DCM). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness to give 4.2 g (59%) of intermediate 39.

Example A22 Preparation of Intermediate 42

A solution of 3-bromo-5-methoxy phenol (3.12 g; 15.4 mmol), 2-(2-bromoethoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran (2.66 mL; 16.9 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (1.63 g; 11.8 mmol) was heated at 80° C. in CH₃CN (40 mL) overnight. The solution was cooled and the mixture was poured into cooled water, the product was extracted with EtOAc, the organic layer was washed with H₂O and dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness (5.5 g). The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 200 g; mobile phase 80% cyclohexane, 20 EtOAc). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 3.7 g (73%) of intermediate 42.

Example A23 Preparation of Intermediate 43

Sodium hydride (1.03 g, 25.86 mmol) was added portion wise to a solution of 3-bromo-5-methoxy phenol (3.5 g, 17.24 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 0.5 hour, then a solution of deuteriated-iodomethane (1.29 mL, 20.69 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C., then allowed to warm up to room temperature and stirred for 2 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water, and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to give 4 g of intermediate 43, used without further purification for the next step.

Example A24 Preparation of Intermediate 44

A solution of 3-bromo-5-methoxyphenol (2 g, 9.85 mmol), 1-bromo-2-fluoroethane (1.56 g, 0.012 mol) and K₂CO₃ (1.4 g, 10 mmol) was heated at 80° C. in CH₃CN (30 mL) overnight. The solution was cooled and the mixture was poured into cooled water, the product was extracted with Et₂O. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness to give 2.27 g of intermediate 44 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A25

Preparation of Intermediate 45

Under N₂ at 10° C., Hunig's base (9.64 mL; 55.16 mmol) was added to a solution of 3-bromo-5-methoxy phenol (5.6 g, 27.58 mmol) in THF (100 mL). 2-methoxyethoxymethylchloride (CAS 3970-21-6) (6.3 mL, 55.16 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The solution was poured into cooled water, and the product was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness to give 8 g (99.6%) of intermediate 45 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A26 Preparation of Intermediate 46

A solution of 3-bromo-5-methoxyphenol (0.3 g, 1.5 mmol), 2-iodopropane (0.21 mL, 1.6 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (1.63 g, 12 mmol) was heated at 80° C. in CH₃CN (20 mL) for 24 hours. The solution was cooled and the mixture was poured into cooled water, the product was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with H₂O and dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness to give 350 mg (97%) of intermediate 46 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A26A Preparation of Intermediate 136

NaH (0.74 g; 18.4 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of (3-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl) methanol (2.9 g; 16.7 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (30 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour. Then ethyl iodide (0.96 mL; 12.0 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 0.8 g (25%) of intermediate 136.

Example A27

a) Synthesis of intermediate 6E

A mixture of (3-bromopropoxy)-tert-butyldimethylsilane (20 g; 79 mmol) and 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine (31 mL; 395 mmol) in DMSO (140 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, water was added and the mixture was extracted with Et₂O. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness to provide 19.5 g (91%) of intermediate 66.

b) Synthesis of intermediate 67

Di-tert-butyl-dicarbonate (7.96; 36.5 mmol), triethylamine (6 mL; 43.11 mmol) and N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine (202 mg; 1.7 mmol) were added to a solution of intermediate 66 (9 g; 33.16 mmol) in DCM (90 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, diluted with DCM and water. The organic layer was decanted, washed successively with water, a solution of HCl (0.5N) and an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness to provide 11.3 g (92%) of intermediate 67.

c) Synthesis of intermediate 68

A mixture of intermediate 67 (10.8 g; 29.1 mmol) and tetrabutylammonium fluoride (34.9 mL of a 1M solution in THF; 34.9 mmol) in THF (80 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. Water was added and the reaction mixture extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μM, 80 g; mobile phase, gradient from 99% DCM, 1% MeOH to 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated till dryness to provide 3.65 g (49%) of intermediate 68.

d) Synthesis of intermediate 69

Methane sulfonyl chloride (431 μL; 5.8 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 68 (1 g; 3.9 mmol) and triethylamine (811 μL; 5.8 mmol) in DCM (15 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The reaction mixture was evaporated till dryness and the resulting intermediate 69 was used without further purification for the next step.

Example A28 a) Preparation of Intermediate 70

The experiment has been performed 5 times on the following amount.

NaH (0.25 g; 5.4 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (1.54 mL; 16.1 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (12 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 15 minutes. Then, compound 76 (1.4 g; 3.35 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred overnight. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 10.5 g of a residue which was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase 1% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated yielding 3.6 g (42%) of intermediate 70.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 71

Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (0.24 g; 1.1 mmol) was added to a solution of intermediate 70 (0.62 g; 1.1 mmol) and NaHCO₃ (0.19 g; 2.3 mmol) in dioxane (15 mL) and water (15 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (0.8 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 5 μm 150*30 mm; mobile phase 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated to give 0.59 g (85%) of intermediate 71.

c) Preparation of Intermediate 72

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.96 mL; 12.4 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 71 (2.7 g, 4.45 mmol) and triethylamine (1.86 mL; 13.35 mmol) in DCM (25 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hours allowing the temperature to rise to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (4.1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.2% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated to give 3 g (100%) of intermediate 72.

d) Preparation of Intermediate 73

Trifluoroacetic acid (0.97 mL; 13.1 mmol) was added to a solution of intermediate 72 (0.6 g; 0.87 mmol) in DCM (12.5 mL) at 0° C. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added.

The mixture was basified with a solution of NaHCO₃ and the organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and the solvent was evaporated to give 597 mg of intermediate 73 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A29 Preparation of Intermediate 74

Methanesulfonyl chloride (3.32 mL; 42.9 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 606 (6 g; 14.3 mmol) and triethylamine (10 mL; 71.5 mmol) in DCM (240 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C. and allowed to rise to room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 9.6 g of intermediate 74 used without further purification for the next step

Example A30 a) Preparation of Intermediate 75

NaH (11.4 g; 82.5 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (4 g; 20.6 mmol) in acetone (60 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 15 minutes. Then, acetamide, 2-bromo-N-methyl (6.3 g; 41.3 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 65° C. for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with DCM. The filtrate was evaporated till dryness, taken up into DIPE/diethyl ether and stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with DCM. The filtrate was evaporated till dryness to afford 9 g of intermediate 75 used without further purification for the next step.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 76

A mixture of intermediate 14 (5.7 g; 11.7 mmol), intermediate 75 (N-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-acetamide) (6.2 g; 23.5 mmol), potassium phosphate (7.5 g; 35.2 mmol) and dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxy[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (0.482 g; 1.2 mmol) in dioxane (140 mL) and H₂O (60 mL) was stirred at room temperature under N₂ flow. After 10 minutes, Pd₂(dba)₃ (1 g; 1.2 mmol) was added portionwise at room temperature under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. The mixture was filtered over a pad of Celite®, washed with DCM. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (8.3 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-40 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 3.5 g (51%) of intermediate 76.

Example A31

Preparation of Intermediate 77

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.73 mL; 9.4 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 614 (1.5 g; 3.15 mmol) and triethylamine (2.2 mL; 15.7 mmol) in DCM (40 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C. and allowed the temperature to rise to room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 2.5 g of intermediate 77 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A32 a) Preparation of Intermediate 78

NaH (0.44 g; 10.9 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of 7-bromo-2-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxaline (1.5 g; 5.45 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (40 mL) at 0° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 15 minutes. Then, carbamic acid, N-(3-bromopropyl)-1,1-dimethylethyl ester (2.6 g; 10.9 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with water, diethyl ether, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to afford 1.3 g of intermediate 78 used without further purification for the next step.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 79

Under an inert atmosphere, a solution of palladium acetate (0.11 g; 0.48 mmol), racemic 2,2′-bis (diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphtyl (0.3 g; 0.48 mmol)) was added to room temperature to a solution of intermediate 41 (3.3 g; 10.6 mmol), intermediate 78 (4.2 g; 9.63 mmol) and cesium carbonate (3.8 g; 11.6 mmol) in dimethoxyethane (50 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 85° C. for 3 days. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water, K₂CO₃ 10% and EtOAc was added. The mixture was filtered over a pad of Celite®. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (8.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-40 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 3.3 g (52%) of intermediate 79.

c) Preparation of Intermediate 80

A 1M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF (5.5 mL; 5.5 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 79 (3.3 g; 5 mmol) in THF (60 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The mixture was basified with K₂CO₃ 10% and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether/CH₃CN. The precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 2 g (73%) of intermediate 80.

d) Preparation of Intermediate 81

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.85 mL; 10.9 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 80 (2 g; 3.65 mmol) and triethylamine (2.54 mL; 18.2 mmol) in DCM (50 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C. and allowed the temperature to rise to room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 2.5 g of intermediate 81 used without further purification for the next step.

e) Preparation of Intermediate 82

A mixture of intermediate 81 (2.5 g; 4 mmol) and isopropylamine (5.2 mL; 59.9 mmol) in acetonitrile (25 mL) was heated at 100° C. in a sealed vessel for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with a solution of NaHCO₃, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (3 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-40 μm, 450 g; mobile phase from 0.1% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 1.1 g (47%) of intermediate 82.

Example A33 a) Preparation of Intermediate 83

A mixture of 5-bromo-benzene-1,3-diol (7.3 g; 38.6 mmol), cesium carbonate (37.75 g; 115.9 mmol) and iodomethane-D3 (4.8 mL; 77.25 mmol) in CH₃CN (150 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to afford 5.3 g of intermediate 83 used without further purification for the next step.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 84

Under an inert atmosphere, a solution of palladium acetate (0.21 g; 0.9 mmol), racemic 2,2′-bis (diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphtyl (0.57 g; 0.9 mmol) was added to room temperature to a solution of intermediate 5 (2 g; 10.6 mmol), intermediate 83 (2.45 g; 11 mmol) and sodium tert butoxide (2.64 g; 27.4 mmol) in dioxane (150 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 4 days. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The mixture was filtered over a pad of Celite®. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (6 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (4 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 3.6 g (90%) of intermediate 84. MP: 198° C. (DSC)

c) Preparation of Intermediate 85

NaH (0.107 g; 2.69 mmol) was added portionwise to intermediate 84 (0.49 g; 1.35 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour. Then, a solution of deuterated (2-bromoethoxy)(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethyl-silane (deuterated version of CAS 86864-60-0; prepared by art-known deuteration method) (0.65 g; 2.7 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 4 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to afford 0.88 g of intermediate 85 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A34 Preparation of Intermediate 86

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.17 mL, 2.1 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 617 (0.294 g, 0.7 mmol) and triethylamine (0.49 mL, 3.5 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C. and allowed the temperature to rise to room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 0.45 g of intermediate 86 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A35 Preparation of Intermediate 87

A mixture of compound 4 (1.3 g; 2.9 mmol), N-(3-bromopropyl) phtalimide (1.56 g; 5.8 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (0.805 g; 5.8 mmol) in CH₃CN (100 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 48 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated until dryness. The residue (0.566 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 15-40 μm, 50 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated to give 1.26 g (34%) of intermediate 87.

Example A36A Preparation of Intermediate 88

A mixture of intermediate 88b

(see A4c-2) (0.53 g; 1.1 mmol), 1,3,5-trimethyl-4-(tributylstannyl)-1H-Pyrazole (Synthesis, (13), 1949-1958; 2001) (1.33 g; 3.33 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.064 g; 0.055 mmol) in toluene (3 mL) was stirred at 160° C. for 40 minutes using one single mode microwave (Biotage). The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and evaporated till dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 40 μm; mobile phase gradient from 90% DCM, 10% Heptane to 100% DCM, then 99% DCM 1% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.41 g (68%) of intermediate 88.

Intermediate 88b

solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (3.016 mmol; 3.016 ml) dropwise to a solution of intermediate 88b (2.742 mmol; 1.30 g) in THF (25 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, EtOAc was added and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (SiO₂=30 g-15/40 μm) Eluent: CH₂Cl₂ 100 to CH₂Cl₂ 98/MeOH 2, yielding intermediate 88a.

Alternative pyrazole derivatives which can be used in the above protocol can be prepared as follows:

A) a) Preparation of Intermediate 125

N-butyllithium 1.6M in hexane (33.5 mL; 53.6 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of 1-methylpyrazole (4 g; 48.8 mmol) in THF (66 mL) at −78° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C., then (2-bromoethoxy)-tert-butyldimethylsilane (12.5 mL; 58.5 mmol) was added to the solution at −78° C. and was stirred for 1 hour. The temperature of the reaction mixture was allowed to rise to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (16 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 1000 g; mobile phase 65% Heptane, 35% EtOAc). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 3 g (25%) of intermediate 125.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 126

Pyridinium bromide perbromide 95% (3.5 g; 10.8 mmol) was added to a solution of intermediate 125 (2.6 g; 10.8 mmol) in MeOH (130 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour and room temperature for 18 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was poured out into water and K₂CO₃ 10%. DCM was added and the organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (2.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 2 g (92%) of intermediate 126.

c) Preparation of Intermediate 127

Tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (1.9 g; 12.7 mmol), imidazole (1.6 g; 23.4 mmol) were successively added to a solution of intermediate 126 (2 g; 9.75 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (7 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with water and extracted with Et₂O. The organic layer was decanted, washed with water, then brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 10-40 μm, 90 g; mobile phase from 100% DCM to 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 2.8 g (90%) of intermediate 127.

d) Preparation of Intermediate 128

N-butyllithium 1.6M in hexane (0.22 mL; 0.35 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 127 (0.102 g; 0.32 mmol) in Et₂O (1.5 mL) at −78° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, then tributyltin chloride (0.095 mL; 0.35 mmol) was added to the solution and was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and Et₂O was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (0.160 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g; mobile phase 80% Heptane, 20% EtOAc). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.055 g (32%) of intermediate 128.

B) a) Preparation of Intermediate 129

N-butyllithium 1.6M in hexane (25 mL; 40.2 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of 1-methylpyrazole (3 mL; 35.5 mmol) in THF (50 mL) at −78° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C., then Eschenmoser's salt (8.1 g; 43.85 mmol) was added to the solution at −78° C. and was stirred for 1 hour. The temperature of the reaction mixture was allowed to rise to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to afford 3.1 g of intermediate 129.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 130

Pyridinium bromide perbromide 95% (6.9 g; 21.6 mmol) was added to a solution of intermediate 130 (3 g; 21.6 mmol) in MeOH (200 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour and room temperature for 18 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was poured out into water and K₂CO₃ 10%. DCM was added and the organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (3.1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-40 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 1.35 g (29%) of intermediate 130.

c) Preparation of Intermediate 131

N-butyllithium 1.6M in hexane (0.8 mL; 1.26 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 130 (0.25 g; 1.15 mmol) in Et₂O/THF (1/2) (3 mL) at −78° C. under N₂ flow.

The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Then tributyltin chloride (1.58 mL; 5.8 mmol) was added to the solution and was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and Et₂O was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 0.52 g of intermediate 131 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A36B Preparation of Intermediate 89

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.066 mL; 0.85 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 622 (0.185 g; 0.43 mmol), triethylamine (0.14 mL; 0.98 mmol) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.005 g; 0.043 mmol) in THF (5 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The temperature of the reaction mixture was allowed to rise to room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 0.26 g (yellow oil) of intermediate 89 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A37 Preparation of Intermediate 91

Methanesulfonyl chloride (1 mL; 12.8 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid, 4-(3-hydroxy-1-propyn-1-yl)-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester (2 g; 8.5 mmol), triethylamine (1.8 mL; 12.8 mmol) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (10.4 g; 85 mmol) in DCM (20 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The temperature pof the reaction mixture was allowed to rise to room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 1.41 g of intermediate 91 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A38 Preparation of Intermediate 92

NaH (0.24 g; 6.0 mmol) was added portionwise to intermediate 3 (1 g; 3.0 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (30 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 10° C. for 1 hour. Then 2-butyn-1-ol, 4-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]-, 1-methanesulfonate (4.2 g; 15.0 mmol) was added dropwise under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (4.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase 60% Heptane, 4% MeOH, 36% EtOAc). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.185 g (11%) of intermediate 92.

Example A39 Preparation of Intermediate 93

Methanesulfonyl chloride (9.9 mL; 127.7 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 2 (10 g; 25.55 mmol), triethylamine (24.9 mL; 178.8 mmol) in DCM (400 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 17.6 g of intermediate 93 used without further purification for the next step.

Example A40 Preparation of Intermediate 94

(see A4c-2)(9.5 g; 20 mmol), 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (4.3 g; 22 mmol), potassium phosphate (8.5 g; 40 mmol) in dioxane (1 L) and water (120 mL) were degassed with N₂ for 15 minutes, then S-Phos (0.83 g; 2 mmol) and Pd₂(dba)₃ (7.6 g; 6.6 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 15 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, EtOAc was added and was filtered off on a pad of Celite®. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (18.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH 20-45 μm, 1000 g; mobile phase 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 5.1 g (51%) of intermediate 94.

Example A41 a) Preparation of Intermediate 95

NaH (0.2 g; 4.75 mmol) was added portionwise to intermediate 94 (2 g; 4 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (30 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 10° C. for 1 hour. Then 1-bromo-3-chloropropane (0.5 mL; 4.75 mmol) was added dropwise under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to afford 2.5 g of intermediate 95 used without further purification for the next step.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 96

A mixture of intermediate 95 (1.1 g; 1.48 mmol), 1-(2-hydroxylethyl)piperazine (0.407 g; 2.95 mmol), K₂CO₃ (1.92 g; 14.74 mmol) in CH₃CN (10 mL) was stirred at 90° C. for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 0.9 g of intermediate 96 used without further purification for the next step.

c) Preparation of Intermediate 97

A mixture of intermediate 96 (0.56 g; 0.83 mmol), acetyl chloride (0.12 mL; 1.66 mmol), triethylamine (0.27 mL; 1.9 mmol) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.01 g; 0.083 mmol) was stirred in DCM (10 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred to room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 0.85 g of intermediate 97 used without further purification for the next step.

d) Preparation of Intermediate 98

A 1M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF (2.5 mL, 2.5 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 97, (0.75 g, 0.84 mmol) in THF (5 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The mixture was poured out into ice water, basified with K₂CO₃ 10% and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. DCM and a few MeOH were added, then the insoluble fraction was filtered off and the filtrate was evaporated. The residue and the precipitate were combined and dissolved in DCM. The organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (0.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 15-40 μm, 90 g; mobile phase from 0.3% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH to 1% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.238 g (47%) of intermediate 98.

e) Preparation of Intermediate 99

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.1 mL; 1.3 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 98 (0.19 g; 0.26 mmol) and triethylamine (0.11 mL; 0.78 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 10° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 0.51 g of intermediate 99-AAA used without further purification for the next step.

f) Preparation of Intermediate 100

A mixture of intermediate 99 (0.51 g; 0.26 mmol) and isopropylamine (5.9 mL; 68.9 mmol) in acetonitrile (1 mL) was heated at 100° C. in a sealed vessel for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, washed, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.59 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase 0.7% NH₄OH, 93% DCM, 7% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.09 g (54%) of intermediate 100.

Example A42 a) Preparation of Intermediate 101

A mixture of intermediate 5 (3 g; 13.3 mmol), intermediate 45 (3.9 g; 13.3 mmol), sodium tert-butoxide (3.9 g; 40 mmol) and 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine (0.83 g; 1.33 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (100 mL) was degassed with N₂ for 10 minutes. Palladium(II) acetate (0.3 g; 1.33 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 2 hours. The mixture was cooled down to room temperature, poured into H₂O and DCM. The mixture was filtered off on a pad of Celite®. The filtrate was extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers were dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness to give 5 g of crude compound. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 20-45 μm, 40 g; Mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 3.6 g (62%) of intermediate 101.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 102

NaH (0.37 g; 9.2 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 101 (2 g; 4.6 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (20 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 30 minutes. Then (2-bromoethoxy)-tert-butyldimethylsilane (1.3 mL; 6.0 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 hours at room temperature. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 3 g of intermediate 102.

c) Preparation of Intermediate 103

A 1M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF (5 mL; 5 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 102 (3 g; 5 mmol) in THF (50 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The mixture was poured out into ice water, basified with K₂CO₃ 10% and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄) and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (3 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 15-40 μm, 40 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 2.2 g (61%) of intermediate 103.

d) Preparation of Intermediate 104

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.7 mL; 9.2 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 103 (2.2 g; 4.6 mmol), triethylamine (1.6 mL; 11.5 mmol) in DCM (30 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 10° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 2.8 g of intermediate 104 used without further purification for the next step.

e) Preparation of Intermediate 105

A mixture of intermediate 104 (2 g; 3.6 mmol) and 2-propanamine (1.6 mL; 17.9 mmol) in acetonitrile (15 mL) was heated at 100° C. in a sealed vessel for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (2.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 15-40 μm, 40 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.8 g (43%) of intermediate 105.

Example A43 Preparation of Intermediate 107

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.19 mL; 2.4 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 625 (0.69 g; 1.2 mmol) (prepared according to the procedure described in B39 starting from

which is prepared according to the procedure described in A2c) starting from intermediate 41 and intermediate 106), triethylamine (0.4 mL; 3 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 0.8 g of intermediate 107 as an orange oil used without further purification for the next step.

Intermediate 107 was converted into compound 650 according to the procedure described in B3 (first alternative protocol).

Example A43A Preparation of Intermediate 106

NaH (0.3 g; 7.2 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of 7-bromo-2-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxaline (1.6 g; 6 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (100 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour. Then 4-methylsulfonyloxy-1-piperidinecarboxylate CAS [141699-59-4] (3.5 g; 12.6 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hours at 100° C. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (8.4 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular, SiOH, 20-40 μm; 450 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 3.7 g (67%) of intermediate 106 (yellow oil).

Example A44 Preparation of Intermediate 109

NaH (0.29 g; 7.4 mmol) was added portionwise to intermediate 108

(1.5 g; 3.7 mmol) (prepared according to the procedure described in A33b) in N,N-dimethylformamide (25 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 minutes. Then 3-bromo-(1-trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne (1.6 mL; 10.2 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 15-40 μm, 80 g mobile phase 98% DCM, 2% MeOH) to give 1.4 g of intermediate 109.

Example A45 Preparation of Intermediate 110

A mixture of compound 4 (0.5 g; 1.2 mmol), 4-nitrobenzyl bromide (0.29 g; 1.35 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (0.24 g; 51.8 mmol) in CH₃CN (20 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated until dryness. The residue (0.8 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Stability SiOH, 5 μm, 150*30 mm; mobile phase gradient from 71% Heptane, 1% MeOH, 28% EtOAc to 20% MeOH, 80% EtOAc). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated to give 0.34 g (52%) of intermediate 110.

Example A46 a) Preparation of Intermediate 113

NaH (0.52 g; 13 mmol) was added portionwise to 7-bromo-2-(1H-pyrazolyl-4-yl)quinoxaline (3 g; 11 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (30 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour. Then 4-bromomethyltetrahydropyran (2.4 mL; 13 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then was allowed to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from DIPE and CH₃CN. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 2.6 g (64%) of intermediate 113.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 112

Under an inert atmosphere, a solution of palladium acetate (0.08 g; 0.35 mmol), racemic 2,2′-bis (diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphtyl (0.22 g; 0.35 mmol) was added to room temperature to a solution of intermediate 113 (2.6 g; 7.0 mmol), 3,5-dimethoxyaniline (1 g; 7.0 mmol) and sodium tert butoxide (2 g; 21 mmol) in dioxane (40 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The mixture was filtered over a pad of Celite®. The organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (3.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 15-40 μm, mobile phase 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 1.6 g (63%) of intermediate 112.

Example A47 a) Preparation of Intermediate 114

Intermediate 13 (9 g; 28.5 mmol), intermediate 132 (20.9 g; 57 mmol), potassium phosphate (12.1 g; 57 mmol) in dioxane (200 mL) and water (80 mL) were degassed with N₂ for 15 minutes, then S-Phos (1.2 g; 2.9 mmol) and Pd₂(dba)₃ (1.3 g, 1.4 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was heated at 80° C. for 6 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, EtOAc was added and was filtered off on a pad of Celite®. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (28 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH 20-45 μm, 1000 g; mobile phase 99% DCM, 1% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 13.6 g (92%) of intermediate 114.

Intermediate 132

was prepared as follows:

NaH (77.3 mmol; 3 g) was added to a solution of 4,4,5,5 tetramethyl-2-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (10 g; 51.5 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (150 mL) at room temperature under N₂ flow. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Then a solution of (3-bromopropoxy)-tert-butyldimethylsilane (18.5 mL; 77.3 mmol) was added dropwise at room temperature under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to give 23.8 g (70%) of intermediate 132 used without further purification.

Intermediate

was prepared according to the above protocol for intermediate 114.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 115

A 1M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF (24 mL; 24 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 114 (12.5 g; 24 mmol) in THF (250 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The mixture was poured out into ice water, basified with K₂CO₃ 10% and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried to afford 8.8 g (90%) of intermediate 115. MP: 118° C. (Kofler).

c) Preparation of Intermediate 116

Methanesulfonyl chloride (1.9 mL; 24.7 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 115 (2 g; 5.0 mmol), triethylamine (4.9 mL; 34.5 mmol) in DCM (80 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 3.4 g of intermediate 116 used without further purification for the next step.

d) Preparation of Intermediate 117

NaH (0.42 g; 10.4 mmol) was added portionwise to di-tert-butyl-iminocarboxylate (2.3 g; 10.4 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (40 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 10° C. for 30 minutes. Then intermediate 116 (2.5 g; 5.2 mmol) was added dropwise under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours, then stirred at 50° C. for 4 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (4 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (15-40 μm; 80 g; mobile phase 98% DCM, 20% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 1.7 g (54%) of intermediate 117.

e) preparation of intermediate 118

Trifluoroacetic acid (3 mL; 39.7 mmol) was added to a solution of intermediate 117 (1.5 g; 2.5 mmol) in DCM (20 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, basified with K₂CO₃10%, EtOAc was added. The layers were separated then the aqueous layer was evaporated till dryness. The residue was dissolved in MeOH. The precipitate was filtered off and the filtrate was evaporated till dryness. The residue was dissolved in DCM. The precipitate was filtered off and the filtrate was evaporated till dryness to afford 0.45 g (45%) of intermediate 118. MP: 96° C. (Kofler).

Example A48 a) Preparation of Intermediate 119

Thionyl chloride (26 mL; 359 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of 3-amino-5-methoxybenzoic acid (10 g; 59.82 mmol) in MeOH (150 mL) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with DIPE and dried under vacuo at 50° C. to give 8.6 g (79%) of intermediate 119 (a white solid).

b) Preparation of Intermediate 120

A solution of lithium 2.4M in THF (35.8 mL; 85.9 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 119 (8.62 g; 39.6 mmol) in dry THF (150 mL) at 0° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was treated with NH₄Cl and stirred for 10 minutes at 0° C. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with EtOAc. The filtrate was separated and the organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (6 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (200 g; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 7% MeOH in DCM). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 3.26 g of intermediate 120.

c) Preparation of Intermediate 121

Under an inert atmosphere, a solution of tris(dibenzylacetone)palladium (0) (1.12 g; 1.2 mmol), 2-dicyclohexylphospino-2′,4′,6′-tri-isopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl (1.28 g; 2.7 mmol) was added to room temperature to a solution of intermediate 2 (3.52 g; 12.2 mmol), intermediate 120 (3.3 g; 17.45 mmol) and cesium carbonate (11.9 g; 36.49 mmol) in t-BuOH (80 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 105° C. for 1 hour using one single mode microwave. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured out into ice water (400 mL) and was stirred for 15 minutes. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with water. The precipitate was dissolved in DCM/MeOH (95/5) and the insoluble product was filtered off and dried to give 4.7 g of intermediate 121 used without further purification for the next step.

d) Preparation of Intermediate 122

MnO₂ (5.65 g; 65 mmol) was added to a solution of intermediate 121 (4.7 g; 13 mmol) in THF (270 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered over a pad of Celite®. The filtrate was evaporated to give 1.5 g (32%) of intermediate 122 used without further purification for the next step.

e) Preparation of Intermediate 123

Intermediate 122 (0.3 g; 0.64 mmol) and diethylamine (0.14 g; 1.9 mmol) were added to Pd/C 10% (0.05 g) and 0.2 mL of a 4% solution of thiophene in DI PE in MeOH/THF (100 mL) under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 50° C. under 75 atm H₂ atmosphere until 1 eq hydrogen was absorbed. The reaction mixture was filtered over a pad of Celite®. The filtrate was evaporated to give 0.354 g of the intermediate 123.

Example A49 Preparation of Intermediate 124

A mixture of 3-bromo-5-methoxyphenol (2 g; 9.8 mmol), cesium carbonate (6.4 g; 19.7 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (20 mL) and water (4 mL) was degassed under N₂ flow for 1 hour, then acetic acid-2-chloro-2,2-difluoro-sodium salt (5.3 g; 34.5 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 120° C. for 2 days. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (2.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase gradient from 95% Heptane, 5% EtOAc to 90% Heptane, 10% EtOAc). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.56 g (23%) of intermediate 124.

Example A50 a) Preparation of Intermediate 133

A mixture of 2-chloro-4-methoxypyrimidine (1.24 g; 8.5 mmol), 4-piperidinemethanol (1.2 g; 10.25 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (2.4 g; 17.0 mmol) in CH₃CN (15 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (1.8 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 15-40 μm, 40 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 99% DCM, 1% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 1.6 g (83%) of intermediate 133.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 134

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.94 mL; 12.1 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 133 (0.54 g; 2.42 mmol), triethylamine (2.4 mL; 16.9 mmol) in DCM (15 mL) at 5° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 10° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (1.1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 15-40 μm, 40 g; mobile phase from 99% DCM, 1% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.5 g (69%) of intermediate 134.

This intermediate was used in the preparation of compound 839.

Example A51 a) Preparation of Intermediate 137

4-Methyl-1-dimethylsulfamoylimidazole (2.9 g, 15.6 mmol) was diluted in THF (105 mL). The resulting solution was cooled down to −78° C. and N butyl lithium 2M in cyclohexane (11.7 mL, 18.7 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at −78° C., N N-dimethylformamide (7.6 mL, 98.0 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at −78° C., then allowed to raise to room temperature in 1 hour. The reaction mixture was neutralized with an aqueous solution of NH₄Cl and then poured out into water and EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated to afford 3.7 g of intermediate 137.

b) Preparation of Intermediate 138

A mixture of intermediate 137 (3.7 g; 17 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (32 mL). Then the reaction mixture was cooled down to 0° C. and sodium borohydride (0.6 g; 17 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 0° C. The reaction mixture was then concentrated, poured out into water and EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated to afford 2.9 g (78%) of intermediate 138. It was directly used in the next step without any further purification.

c) Preparation of Intermediate 139

Intermediate 138 (3.2 g; 14.3 mmol) was dissolved in THF (26 mL) and N N-dimethylformamide (13 mL). Then the solution was cooled down to 0° C. and triethylamine (4.1 mL; 28.6 mmol) followed by methanesulfonyl chloride (1.3 mL; 17.2 mmol) and lithium chloride (1.8 g; 43 mmol) were successively added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature over 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into EtOAc and water. The organic layer was washed once with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated. The residue (3.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 0.1% NH₄OH, 99% DCM, 1% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected, the solvent was evaporated to afford 2.2 g (70%) of intermediate 139 used to prepare compound 695.

Example A52 Preparation of

A mixture of 3,5-dimethoxyboronic acid (18.5 g; 101.5 mmol), 1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-4-piperidinemethanamine (16.6 g; 61.7 mmol), copper (II) acetate (18.5 g; 101.5 mmol) and triethylamine (59.8 mL; 425 mmol) in DCM (350 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was evaporated till dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (mobile phase gradient from 89% petroleum ether/11% ethyl acetate to 45% petroleum ether/55% ethyl acetate). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated to give 3.8 g (19%) of compound.

Example A53 Preparation of Intermediate 142

A mixture of intermediate 15 (1.8 g; 3.6 mmol) and glycine tert butyl ester (2.5 g; 18 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (25 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 6 hours in a sealed tube. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (2.52 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 20-45 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to afford 0.96 g (50%) of intermediate 142_used whitout further purification for the next step.

B. Preparation of the Compounds Example B1 Preparation of Compound 1

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (38.5 mL, 38.5 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 9 (20 g, 38.5 mmol) in THF (350 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The mixture was basified with K₂CO₃ 10% and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was triturated from diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 11.7 g (75%) of compound 1. MP=153° C. (DSC).

Compound 1 was alternatively prepared using the following procedure.

525 g (1.01 mol) of intermediate 9 was dissolved in a mixture of THF (0.89 L), acetic acid (2.68 L) and water (0.89 L) and the reaction mixture was stirred at 50° C. upon complete conversion to the alcohol. The reaction mixture was evaporated till dryness. The residue was taken up in DCM (3.68 L) and water (3.68 L) and the pH of the mixture was adjusted to 7 using ammonia. The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM (0.5 L) and the organic layers combined, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized from toluene. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with toluene and dried to provide 204 g (49.8% yield) of compound 1.

a) Preparation of Compound 2

A mixture of intermediate 47 (1.50 g; 2.476 mmol), HCl 3N (2 mL) in dioxane (25 mL) was heated at 70° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the mixture was basified with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The compound was triturated from diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.790 g (81%) of compound 2. MP=169° C. (DSC).

Example B2 a) Preparation of Compound 3

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (14.6 mL, 14.6 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 11 (6.5 g, 12.2 mmol) in THF (100 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The mixture was basified with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%) and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness to give 7.8 g of crude compound, which was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 450 g MATREX; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to yield 4.9 g (96%) of compound 3. The compound was crystallized from Et₂O/CH₃CN, the precipitate was filtered and dried to give 4.37 g (85%) of compound 3. MP=168° C. (Kofler).

Compound 3 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure.

Intermediate 11 (167.2 g; 313 mmol) was added to a mixture of acetic acid (846 mL), THF (282 mL) and water (282 mL) and the mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 18 hours and evaporated till dryness. The crude compound 3 was used without further purification to prepare intermediate 17a.

Compound 3 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure B2b. b) HCl/i-PrOH (11.3 mL; 56.5 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 18 (8.5 g; 16.87 mmol) in CH₃OH (100 mL) at 10° C., and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature. Ice water was added to the solution which was basified with NH₄OH. The product was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄) and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 200 g; mobile phase, 97% DCM, 3% CH₃OH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness to afford 3.7 g (52%) of compound 3 and 1.2 g of an impure fraction This impure fraction was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g MERCK; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% CH₃OH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 700 mg (10%) of compound 3.

Example B3 Preparation of Compound 4

A mixture of intermediate 10 (8.7 g; 17.99 mmol) and isopropylamine (61.3 mL, 719.68 mmol) was heated at 90° C. for 3 hours in a sealed vessel. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and the mixture was evaporated till dryness. DCM and water were added and the organic layer was separated, washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (8 g) was crystallized from Et₂O/CH₃CN, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 6.68 g (83%) of compound 4. MP=142° C. (DSC).

Compound 4 was alternatively prepared using the following procedure.

A mixture of intermediate 10 (322 g; 666 mmol) and 2-propanamine (196.8 g; 3.3 mol) in acetonitrile (2.66 L) was heated at 100° C. in a sealed vessel for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated to ˜30% of its initial volume. Water (1.5 L), 2-methyltetrahydrofurane (2.5 L) and NaHCO₃ (50 g) were added. The layers were separated, the organic layer was washed with a solution made of 50 g of NaHCO₃ in water (1 L), dried (MgSO₄), filtered over silica gel and evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized from 2-propanol. The precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 257.2 g (86.5%) of compound 4.

Compound 4 was alternatively prepared using the following procedure. Intermediate 3 (20.0 g; 55.3 mmol), then tetra-N-butylammonium bromide (9.06 g; 27.7 mmol) were added at 2° C. under inert atmosphere to a solution of potassium hydroxide (46.6 g; 830 mmol) in THF (387 mL) and water (6 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours before portionwise addition of N-(2-chloroethyl)-2-propanamine HCl (CAS[6306-61-2]), and then at 50° C. upon complete conversion. Water was added, layers were separated and the organic layer concentrated, taken up in DCM/water, neutralized with HCl to neutral pH. Organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness to give 26.6 g of compound 4.

Compound 4 as a HCl salt (0.1HCl) was prepared using the following procedure.

To a stirred mixture of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (1.5 L) and KOH (140 g, 250 mmol) was added water (30 mL). Then intermediate 3 (60 g, 166 mmol)) and tetrabutylammoniumbromide (13.4 g, 41 mmol) were added and the mixture was heated at 50° C. for 1 hour while stirring. Then N-(2-chloroethyl)-2-propanamine HCl (CAS[6306-61-2]) (48 g, 299 mmol) was added in 1 portion. The mixture was stirred for 18 hours at 50° C. When the conversion was complete, water (600 mL) was added to the reaction mixture. The layers were separated and the organic layer was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in 2-propanol (120 mL) and HCl in 2-propanol was added at 60° C. After cooling, the HCl-salt was isolated via filtration. After drying at 50° C. in a vacuum drying oven the HCl-salt was obtained in 83% yield (compound 4a).

To 51.69 g (107 mmol) of the HCl salt from the previous step was added water (258 mL) and DCM (258 mL). The pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted using ammonium hydroxide (17.25 mL) until pH=9.5. The layers were separated and the organic layer was concentrated. The residue was crystallized from 2-propanol (258 mL). After drying at 50° C. under vacuum compound 4 was obtained in 91% yield (43.4 g).

Example B3A

Preparation of Compound 6

Intermediate 48 (7.2 g; 12.7 mmol), 3,3-difluoropyrrolidine hydrochloride (7.3 g; 50.7 mmol), sodium carbonate (6.72 g; 63.42 mmol), potassium iodide (2.1 g; 12.7 mmol) in 1-butanol (220 mL) were heated to 90° C. for 15 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into H₂O/K₂CO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 35-40 μm, Grace Resolv; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 95% DCM, 5% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The desired product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 3.2 g (44%) of compound 6.

Example B3B Preparation of Compound 580

A mixture of intermediate 10 (2.8 g; 5.8 mmol) and 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4-5]decane (1.5 g; 18 mmol) in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (10 mL) in a sealed tube was heated at 140° C. using one single mode microwave (Biotage Initiator EXP 60) for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was evaporated till dryness. The crude product (6 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (15-40 μm 300 g; mobile phase, 0.2% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness to give 1.9 g (61%) of compound 580.

Example B3C Preparation of Compound 666 and 665

A mixture of intermediate 10 (0.3 g; 0.6 mmol), 2-piperidine-2-carboxamide (0.32 g; 2.5 mmol), potassium iodide (0.1 g; 0.6 mmol) and carbonate sodium (0.41 g; 4.4 mmol) in 1-butanol (12 mL) was stirred at 85° C. for 4 days. The reaction was poured into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.33 g) was purified by preparative LC on (irregular, SiOH 15-40 μM, 30 g, mobile phase gradient from 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 0.1% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The first product (0.1 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.081 g (25%) of compound 665. MP: 206° C. (Kofler). The second product (0.1 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.082 g (25%) of compound 666. MP: 163° C. (Kofler).

Example B3D Preparation of Compound 677

Intermediate 10 (1.3 g; 2.7 mmol), methoxylamine hydrochloride (2.3 g; 26.9 mmol) in triethylamine (15 mL; 107.5 mmol) were heated at 90° C. for 5 hours in a sealed tube. The reaction was poured out into ice water. The organic layer was separated and washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase, 96% DCM, 4% i-PrOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.38 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.32 g (27%) of compound 677 MP: 177° C. (DSC).

Example B3E Preparation of Compound 923 (Free Base) and Compound 886 (HCl Salt)

as a HCl Salt

A mixture of intermediate 10 (1.0 g; 2.07 mmol) and 3-pyrroline (628 μL, 8.3 mmol) in aetonitrile (4 mL) was heated at 90° C. for 90 minutes in a microwave biotage device. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and the mixture was evaporated until dryness. DCM and water were added and the organic layer was separated, washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was chromatographied over silica gel (5 μm, mobile phase: gradient from NH₄OH 0.2%, DCM 98%, MeOH 2% to NH₄OH 0.8%, DCM 92%, MeOH 8%). The eluted fractions were evaporated and the residue was dissolved in DCM, and stirred at room temperature under air bubbling for 24 hours. The solvent was evaporated to give a yellow foam which was chromatographied over silica gel (SiOH 10 μm 60 g, mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The desired product fractions were evaporated to provide 100 mg (11%) of compound 923. This compound was converted into the HCl salt in MeOH. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with MeOH and dried to give 41 mg (4%) of compound 886.

Example B3F Preparation of Compound 891 and 894

as a HCl Salt and Preparation of Compound 924 and 925

A mixture of intermediate 143 (622 mg, 1.2 mmol) in isopropylamine (8.06 mL, 94.6 mmol) was heated at 120° C. in a sealed vessel during 48 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and DCM was added. The organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to give a yellow oil. This residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (5 μm, mobile phase: gradient from 100% DCM to 0.7% NH₄OH, 93% DCM, 7% MeOH). The desired product fractions were collected and evaporated yielding 33 mg (6%) of compound 924 and 40 mg (7%) of compound 925. Compound 924 was converted into HCl salt in MeOH. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with Et₂O and dried to give 25 mg (4%) of compound 891. Compound 925 was converted into HCl salt in MeOH. The solvent was evaporated, the residue was triturated into Et₂O, filtered off, washed with Et₂O and dried to give 51 mg (7%) of residue. This fraction was taken up from MeOH, and stirred 10 minutes at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated to dryness. The product was triturated, and dried, to give 24 mg (3%) of compound 894.

Example B4 a) Preparation of Compound 5

A solution of intermediate 17a (0.2 g; 0.402 mmol) in 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine (2 mL; 25 mmol) was heated at 90° C. in a sealed tube for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase, 98% DCM, 2% CH₃OH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.14 g, 69%) was crystallized from DIPE/diethyl ether/pentane (1/1/1). The precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.134 g (67%) of compound 5, MP=126° C. (DSC).

Compound 5 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure B4b. b) 3M HCl (60 mL) was added to a solution of intermediate 17 (9.49 mmol; 5.7 g) in CH₃OH (120 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at 60° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with DCM and poured onto an iced solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and the organic layer was decanted, washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by HPLC. The residue (5.3 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g MERCK; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% CH₃OH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The oily residue (3.93 g, 83%) was crystallized from DiPE/diethyl ether/CH₃CN. The precipitate was filtered off and dried, yielding 3.7 g (78%) of compound 5.

Compound 5 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure.

A mixture of intermediate 17 (268.5 g; 447 mol) and trifluoroacetic acid (0.5 L) in DCM (2.24 L) was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours and then at 50° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was evaporated till dryness, taken up in toluene (0.3 L) and evaporated again. The residue was dissolved in DCM (3 L) and water (2 L) and the pH adjusted to neutral with ammonia. The layers were separated, the aqueous layer was extracted with DCM (0.3 L) and the organic layers combined and evaporated till dryness. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc (1.5 L) and stirred for 1 hour with a mixture of silica gel (275 g). The silica gel was filtered off, washed with EtOAc and the filtrate evaporated till dryness to give 226 g of compound 5. It was crystallized from 2-propanol, filtered and dried to provide 180.8 g (80%) of compound 5.

Example B4A

Preparation of Compound 7

and Compound 8

A methylamine solution in absolute ethyl alcohol (5.15 mL, 33% w/w, 41.4 mmol) was added dropwise to a suspension of intermediate 10 (2 g, 4.1 mmol), K₂CO₃ (2.86 g, 20.7 mmol) in dry CH₃CN (40 mL) at room temperature. The mixture was heated at 80° C. overnight in a sealed vessel. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.85 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g MERCK; mobile phase gradient from 0.1% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH to 0.1% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The desired fractions were collected and the solvents were evaporated, yielding 0.30 g of Fraction I (15%) and 1.25 g of Fraction II (72%). Fraction I was crystallized from diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.240 g (12%) of compound 7. MP=160-162° C. Fraction II was taken up with DCM and an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). The mixture was stirred for 1 hour, then the organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The product was crystallized from diethyl ether/CH₃CN, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 1.05 g (59%) of compound 8. MP=180-182° C. (Kofler).

Example B4B

Preparation of Compound 679

A mixture of intermediate 3-{(3-Fluoro-5-methoxyphenyl)[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxalin-6-yl]amino}propyl methanesulfonate prepared according to A3 0.35 g; 0.72 mmol), (S)-(+)-2-pyrrolidine methanol (0.1 mL; 1 mmol) and triethylamine (0.4 mL; 2.9 mmol) in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (1 mL) was heated at 140° C. for days in a sealed tube. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.12 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 5 μm; mobile phase gradient from 0.52% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 0.8% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.031 g (9%) of compound 679

Example B4C Preparation of Compound 694

as a HCl Salt

NaH (0.24 g; 5.9 mmol) was added portionwise to 2-pyrrolidinone (0.46 mL; 5.9 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (30 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then intermediate

prepared according to A5 (1 g; 2 mmol) was added at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water. A precipitate was filtered, washed with water. The organic layer was separated and washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.8 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in isopropyl alcohol and stirred at 0° C., then 0.5 mL of HCl i-PrOH 5N was added dropwise. Diethyl ether was added and the solution was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour and the precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.33 g (26%) of compound 694. MP: 197° C. (DSC).

Example B5

Preparation of Compound 9

NaH (0.556 g; 13.9 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 49 (3 g; 6.95 mmol) in DMF (85 mL) at 5° C. under N₂. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. 1-bromo-3-chloropropane (2 mL; 20.9 mmol) was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred for 15 hours at room temperature, then poured into H₂O/K₂CO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The obtained residue was purified by Chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH 15-40 μm, 90 g MERCK; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 97% DCM, 3% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 2.94 g (86%) of compound 9.

a) Preparation of Compound 10

NaH (925 mg, 23.1 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 3 (4.18 g, 11.6 mmol) in DMF (52 mL) at 5° C. The mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 30 minutes, then a solution of 4-(phenylmethyl)-2-morpholinemethanol 2-methanesulfonate (4.95 g, 17.3 mmol) in DMF (13.5 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was heated at 60° C. for 18 hours. The mixture was poured into water and the product was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with water and brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated. The obtained residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g MERCK; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The desired product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 2.74 g (43%, purity 90%) of a yellow foam. A sample (440 mg) was purified by achiral super critical fluid chromatography (AMINO 6 μm 150×21.2 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 20% MeOH, 80% CO₂). The desired product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 356 mg of a residue which was crystallized with DCM/Acetone/diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried to give 188 mg of compound 10. MP=134° C. (Kofler).

b-1) Preparation of Compound 11

To a solution of intermediate 3 (67 mg, 0.18 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (4 mL) was added NaH (12 mg, 0.28 mmol). The suspension was stirred at room temperature until no bubbles were observed, cooled to 0° C. and methyl iodide (0.08 mL, 1.3 mmol) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, diluted with EtOAc and washed with brine. The organic layer was separated, dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated. The crude residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel to afford 38 mg (54%) of compound 11 (yellow powder).

b-2) Preparation of Compound 12

To a solution of intermediate 3 (100 mg, 0.277 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (3 mL) was added potassium hexamethyldisilazide (0.5M in toluene, 12 mg, 0.831 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes and propyl bromide (0.30 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for a further 3 hours and diluted with DCM and water. The solid residue was removed by filtration, dissolved in MeOH and combined with the other organic extracts, dried (MgSO₄) and then concentrated. The crude residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel to afford 10 mg (9%) of compound 12 (yellow powder).

b-3) Preparation of Compound 13

A mixture of intermediate 3 (50 mg, 0.139 mmol), cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.693 mmol) and 1-bromo-2-methyl propane (95 mg, 0.693 mmol) in CH₃CN (1 mL) was heated. The reaction mixture was heated in a CEM Discovery microwave at 100° C. for 1 hour. Upon cooling, the reaction mixture was partitioned between DCM and water. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with further DCM. The combined organic layers were dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated. The crude residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel to afford 5 mg (9%) of compound 13 (yellow powder).

Example B6 Preparation of Compound 14

and Compound 14a

as a HCl Salt

NaH (513.5 mg, 12.8 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 8 (2.5 g, 6.4 mmol) in DMF (25 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then glycidyl methyl ether (1.1 mL, 12.8 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C., then allowed to warm up to room temperature. The reaction was stirred at 80° C. for 5 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g MERCK; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97.5% DCM, 2.5% MeOH). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated yielding 0.66 g (21.5%) of compound 14 which was converted into its HCl salt with HCl/2-propanol (5-6N) in MeOH. The mixture was evaporated, and the resulting solid was triturated into diethyl ether, filtered and dried to give 0.488 g (15%) of compound 14a (0.95 eq HCl) (mp=110° C., kofler).

Example B7 Preparation of Compound 15

HCl 3N (13.5 mL) was added to a solution of intermediate 50 (2 g, 2.98 mmol) in CH₃OH (65 mL) at 5° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hours then heated at 60° C. overnight. The solution was poured into ice water and basified with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). The product was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 450 g MATREX; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The desired fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by achiral super critical fluid chromatography on (DIETHYLAMINOPROPYL 5 μm 150×21.2 mm; mobile phase 0.3% 2-propylamine, 80% CO₂, 20% MeOH). The desired fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from CH₃CN/DIPE, the precipitate was filtered off and dried, yielding 760 mg (53%) of compound 15. MP=121° C. (DSC).

Example B8 Preparation of Compound 16

HCl/i-PrOH (0.33 mL, 0.0017 mol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 51 (0.25 g, 0.0004 mol) in CH₃OH (6 mL) at 10° C. Then the mixture was stirred for 3 hours. The solution was concentrated, taken up with iced water, basified with NH₄OH and the product was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄) and evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm 30 g; mobile phase 1% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH). The desired product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 138 mg (78%) of compound 16, MP=80° C. (Kofler).

Example B9 a) Preparation of Compound 17

HCl 3N (4 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 20 (1.5 g, 3.0 mmol) in dioxane (20 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at 70° C. overnight. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the mixture was basified with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The compound was crystallized from diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 1 g (83%) of compound 17. MP=158-160° C. (Kofler).

Compound 17 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure B9b. b) Under N₂, intermediate 19 (3.0 g; 8.1 mmol), 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole (1.9 g; 9.7 mmol), sodium carbonate 2M (6.1 mL; 12.2 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (30 mL) were degassed by bubbling nitrogen through for 10 minutes. Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.75 g; 0.65 mmol) was added and the mixture was heated at reflux for 15 hours. The residue was poured into ice water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 90 g; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 95% DCM, 5% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH)15-40 μm, 90 g). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The obtained residue was crystallized in DIPE, filtered and dried, yielding 1.66 g (51%) of compound 17.

Compound 17 was alternatively also prepared using the following procedure B9c. c) A mixture of intermediate 19 (3.3 g, 8.9 mmol), 1,1-dimethylethyl ester 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxylic acid (3.15 g, 10.7 mmol), potassium phosphate (3.79 g, 17.8 mmol), dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxy[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (0.37 g, 0.9 mmol) in dioxane (60 mL) and H₂O (6 mL) was stirred at room temperature under N₂ flow. After 10 minutes, Pd₂(dba)₃ (0.408 g, 0.446 mmol) was added portionwise at room temperature and the mixture was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the mixture was filtered through a layer of celite. The celite was washed with EtOAc, then the filtrate was extracted with EtOAc, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15/40 μm 30 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient 100% DCM to 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The desired product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 3.30 g (73%) of compound 17.

Example B10 Preparation of Compound 18

At 5° C., HCl/i-PrOH 5/6N (213 μl; 1.06 mmol) was added to a solution of intermediate 23 (250 mg; 0.53 mmol) in CH₃OH (5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 3 hours. H₂O and ice were added. An aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%) was added until pH became basic and the product was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was washed with H₂O, brine dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The crude product was taken up in diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding: 64 mg (31%) of compound18. MP=132° C. (Kofler).

Example B11 Preparation of Compound 19

A mixture of intermediate 52 (0.99 g, 1.8 mmol) in HCl 3N (3 mL) and dioxane (17 mL) was heated at 70° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The solution was basified with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%) and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm 30 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient 100% DCM to 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness, yielding 782 mg (97%) of compound 19. MP=130° C. (Kolfer).

Example B12 Preparation of Compound 20

N3-(ethylcarbonimidoyl)-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine hydrochloride (1:1) (0.12 g, 0.76 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 24 (0.23 g, 0.505 mmol), 3-pyrrolidinol (0.061 g, 0.76 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.1 g, 0.76 mmol), Et₃N (0.105 mL, 0.76 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 hours. The mixture was poured into H₂O and extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallized in DIPE, filtered and dried. The product fraction was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm 60 g, PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 94% DCM, 6% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallized with DIPE, filtered and dried, yielding 186 mg (70%) of compound 20. MP=203.4° C. (DSC).

a) Preparation of Compound 21

N3-(ethylcarbonimidoyl)-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine hydrochloride (1:1) (227 mg; 1.46 mmol) was added to a mixture of intermediate 53 (550 mg; 0.98 mmol), methylamine hydrochloride (329 mg; 4.88 mmol), Et₃N (0.95 mL; 6.83 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (198 mg; 1.46 mmol) in DCM (40 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 20 hours, then stirred for 2 days, poured into H₂O and extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g Merck; mobile phase, gradient from 100% DCM to 90% DCM, 10% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The desired product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 76 mg (17%) of compound 21 which was crystallized in diethyl ether to give 59 mg (13%) of compound 21. MP=204.5° C. (DSC).

Compound 21 can also be prepared from the corresponding —O—Si(CH₃)₂—C(CH₃)₃ intermediate according to procedures described above, such as for example in Example B2.

Example B13 Preparation of Compound 22

A mixture of intermediate 25 (0.4 g, 1.43 mmol), 1-bromo-3-isopropoxybenzene (0.46 mL, 2.86 mmol), sodium tert-butoxide (0.032 g, 0.14 mmol) and 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine] (0.413 g, 4.30 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (3 mL) was degassed with N₂ for 10 minutes. Palladium(II) acetate (47% Pd) (0.032 g, 0.14 mmol) was added and the mixture was heated at 135° C. under microwave irradiation for 60 minutes. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into H₂O/K₂CO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm 30 g; mobile phase, 0.1% NH₄OH, 99% DCM, 1% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (X-Bridge-C18 5 μm 30*150 mm; mobile phase, gradient from 40% of a 0.5% solution of NH₄HCO₃ in water, 60% CH₃CN to 100% CH₃CN). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.187 g) was crystallized from DIPE/pentane (80/20), then the precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.128 g (22%) of compound 22. MP=109° C. (DSC).

Example B14

Preparation of Compound 23

A solution of intermediate 54 (0.4 g, 0.666 mmol) and tetrabutylammonium fluoride (0.73 mL, 0.73 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was stirred at 0° C. for 2 hours. Water and EtOAc were added, the organic layer was separated, washed with water, then brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.4 g) was first purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH 15-40 μm 300 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient from 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was then purified by achiral super critical fluid chromatography on (AMINO 6 μm 150×21.2 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 80% CO₂, 20% EtOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.165 g, 51%) was crystallized from DIPE, the precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.150 g (46%) of compound 23. MP=134° C. (Kofler).

Example B14A Preparation of Compound 691

A 1M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF (12.7 mL; 12.7 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 691 (5 g; 8.5 mmol) in THF (50 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The mixture was basified with K₂CO₃ 10% and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (3.5 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 3.2 g (80%) of compound 691 MP: 99° C. (DSC).

Example B15 Preparation of Compound 24

HCl/i-PrOH (276 μL, 1.38 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 55 (183 mg, 0.35 mmol) in CH₃OH (2 mL) at 10° C. and then the mixture was stirred for 3 hours. Diethyl ether was added and the precipitate was filtered and dried, yielding 126 mg (76%) of compound 24. MP=80° C.

Example B16 Preparation of Compound 25 as a HCl Salt

A mixture of intermediate 16 (1.37 g, 2.5 mmol) in pyrrolidine (30 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 3 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and was evaporated until dryness. The residue was taken up in DCM and H₂O. The organic layer was extracted with DCM, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue (3 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 90 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient from 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding the free base. The residue was dissolved in i-PrOH, then 1.04 mL of HCl 5N/l-PrOH (4 eq.) was added dropwise at 5° C. The salt was filtered, washed with DIPE and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 0.53 g (40%) of compound 25. MP=259° C. (DSC).

Example B17 Preparation of Compound 26

HCl 3N (2 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 56 (0.3 g, 0.484 mmol) in dioxane (8 mL). The solution was heated at 70° C. for 3 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the mixture was basified with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.19 g) was crystallized from DIPE/CH₃CN. The precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.112 g (56%) of compound 26. MP=202° C. (DSC).

Example B18 Preparation of Compound 27

Intermediate 57 (0.425 g; 0.88 mmol), HCl 3N (3 mL) and dioxane (8 mL) were heated to 60° C. overnight. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into H₂O and basified with K₂CO₃. The product was extracted with EtOAc, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness, yielding 322 mg (95%) of compound 27. MP=178° C. (DSC).

Example B19 Preparation of Compound 28

A mixture of intermediate 58 (0.3 g, 0.486 mmol) and amberlyst 15 ion exchange resin (0.03 g) in MeOH (8 mL) was stirred at 45° C. for 3 hours. The resin was filtered. The filtrate was poured out into water and was basified with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient from 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.18 g) was crystallized from DIPE/CH₃CN (80/20). The precipitate was filtered off and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.114 g (52%) of compound 28. MP=142° C. (DSC).

Example B20 Preparation of Compound 29

A 2M solution of methylamine in THF (4.8 mL, 0.0097 mol) was added to a solution of intermediate 26 (0.14 g, 0.0003 mol) and K₂CO₃ (0.1 g, 0.0007 mol) in THF (5 mL). The solution was heated to 100° C. in a sealed tube for 24 hours, then cooled to room temperature and poured into H₂O/NaCl. The mixture was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 103 mg (86%) of compound 29. MP=80° C. (Kofler).

Example B21

Preparation of Compound 30

HCl/i-PrOH (0.4 mL, 0.002 mol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 59 (0.31 g, 0.0005 mol) in CH₃OH (5 mL) at 10° C. and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. The solution was evaporated to dryness, then the residue was taken up with ice water, basified with NH₄OH and the product was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄) and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm); mobile phase, gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 1.1% NH₄OH, 89% DCM, 11% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 106 mg (47%) of compound 30. MP=80° C. (Kofler).

Example B22 Preparation of Compound 31

To intermediate 28 (0.4 g, 0.92 mmol) in dioxane (8 mL) was added cyanogenbromide (0.099 g, 0.93 mmol) at room temperature. Then sodium hydrogenocarbonate (0.0775 g, 0.92 mmol) in H₂O (distilled, 4.8 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc and dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue was taken up by diethyl ether, filtered and dried to give 0.42 g (99%) of compound 31. MP=254° C. (Kofler).

Example B23 Preparation of Compound 32

Hydrazine monohydrate (81 μL, 2.58 mmol) was added to a solution of intermediate 27 (0.21 g, 0.37 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL). The mixture was heated at 80° C. for 5 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, evaporated and the residue was poured into water. The aqueous layer was extracted with DCM, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 10 g; mobile phase, 95% DCM 5% MeOH-0.5% NH₄OH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 97 mg (59%) of compound 32, MP=80° C. (Kofler).

Example B24 Preparation of Compound 33

Intermediate 31 (270 mg, 0.59 mmol), sodium triacetatohydroborate (312 mg, 1.475 mmol) and isopropylamine (100 μl, 1.2 mmol) in CH₃CN (6 mL) were stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Isopropylamine (500 μl, 5.8 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours, then sodium triacetatohydroborate (312 mg, 1.5 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 24 hours. 10% K₂CO₃ aqueous solution was added. The reaction mixture was extracted twice with DCM, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated. The residue (437 mg) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm mobile phase, gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 0.8% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH). The desired product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated, to give 113 mg of compound 33 (cis).

Example B25 Preparation of Compound 34

Intermediate 29 (0.5 g, 0.8 mmol) and methylamine 40% in H₂O (28 mL, 0.33 mol) were heated in dioxane (20 mL) at 120° C. in a sealed tube for 5 hours. The solution was cooled and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase, gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 1.4% NH₄OH, 86% DCM, 14% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The product was crystallized with diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried, yielding 118 mg (31%) of compound 34, MP=174° C. (DSC).

Example B26 Preparation of Compound 35

To a mixture of intermediate 60 (268 mg, 0.51 mmol) was added THF (20 mL), followed by tetrabutylammonium fluoride (2.53 mL, solution 1M in THF; 2.53 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated. EtOAc and H₂O were added and the two phases were separated. The organic phase was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Hyperprep C18 HS BDS 100 A 8 mu (Shandon); mobile phase, gradient from 90% of a 0.25% solution of ammoniumbicarbonate in water, 10% CH₃CN to 100% CH₃CN). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was dissolved in CH₃CN/H₂O and lyophilized, yielding 55 mg of compound 35.

Example B27 Preparation of Compound 36

A mixture of 7-bromo-2-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoxaline (521 mg, 1.8 mmol), intermediate 38 (377 mg, 1.8 mmol), sodium tert-butoxide (520 mg, 5.4 mol) in dioxane (10 mL) was degassed at room temperature under N₂ flow. After 10 minutes, palladium(II) acetate (47% Pd) (20 mg, 0.09 mmol) and 1,1′-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-2,2′-diylbis[1,1-diphenylphosphine] (56 mg, 0.09 mmol) were added portionwise at room temperature under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was heated at 90° C. overnight, then cooled to room temperature and partitioned between water and DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g mobile phase, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was again purified by achiral super critical fluid chromatography on (2 ETHYLPYRIDINE 6 μm 150×21.2 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 15% MeOH, 85% CO₂). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was taken up in diethyl ether, filtered and dried, yielding 0.209 g (27%) of compound 36. MP=164° C. (kofler).

Example B27A Preparation of Compound 920

A mixture of intermediate

(see A52) (0.5 g; 1.5 mmol), intermediate 2 (0.36 g; 1.3 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (0.36 g; 1.3 mmol) in dry dioxane (40 mL) was degassed at room temperature under N₂ flow. After 10 minutes, 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′-(N,N-dimethylamino)biphenyl (50 mg; 0.13 mmol) and tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (115 mg; 0.13 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into a mixture of water and brine, filtered through a pad of Celite®, extracted with EtOAc, washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness to give 1.1 g of residue. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (5 μm, mobile phase: gradient from 71% Heptane, 1% MeOH, 28% AcOEt to 20% MeOH, 80% AcOEt). The desired fractions were collected and evaporated to give 240 mg of residue. The residue was taken-up in Et₂O, filtered and dried to give 144 mg of compound 920, mp=123° C. (DSC).

Example B28

Preparation of Compound 37

At 0° C., potassium permanganate (0.117 g, 0.738 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 51 (0.326 g, 0.738 mmol) in acetone (10 mL) and H₂O (2.5 mL). The solution was stirred at room temperature overnight and was then poured on ice water. DCM was added and the mixture was filtered through a celite layer. The organic layer was extracted, dried (MgSO₄) and evaporated to dryness. The residue (0.23 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The desired product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 0.150 g of compound 37, which was crystallized in DIPE, filtered and dried, yielding 0.139 g (40%) of compound 37. MP=154° C. (DSC).

Example B29 Preparation of Compound 38

A mixture of intermediate 62 (3.9 g, 8.3 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (1.15 g, 8.3 mmol) in MeOH (150 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with water and extracted with DCM. The organic layer was decanted, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The solid residue was taken up with diethyl ether and the precipitate was filtered off and dried, yielding 2.84 g (85%) of compound 38. MP=168° C., (Kofler).

Example B30 Preparation of Compound 39

and Compound 40 as a HCl Salt

Intermediate 10 (365 mg, 0.75 mmol) in 3,5-dimethylpiperidine (5 mL) was heated to 80° C. overnight. Then 5 mL of 3,5-dimethylpiperidine was added to the solution and heated at 80° C. for 5 hours. The solution was evaporated to dryness, then the residue was poured into H₂O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated. The residue (853 mg) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase, gradient from 0.1% NH₄OH, 99% DCM, 1% MeOH to 0.8% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvents were evaporated to give 41.8 mg (11%) of Fraction I and 115.7 mg (31%) of compound 39. MP=80° C. (Kofler) (gummed). Fraction I was dissolved in isopropyl alcohol. The mixture was stirred at 0° C., then 67 μL (4 eq) of HCl in isopropyl alcohol 5N was added dropwise to the mixture. Diethyl ether was added to the solution and was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 38.3 mg (10%) of compound 40 MP=80° C. (Kofler) (gummed).

Example B31 Preparation of Compound 41

A mixture of intermediate 37 (0.22 g, 0.39 mmol), hydrazine monohydrate (0.085 mL, 2.72 mmol) in EtOH (5 mL) was heated at 80° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.250 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.120 g, 70%) was crystallized from diethyl ether/CH₃CN, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 0.110 g (65%) of compound 41. MP168° C. (Kofler); 169° C. (DSC).

Example B32 Preparation of Compound 33

and Compound 43

Intermediate 31 (270 mg, 0.59 mmol), sodium triacetoxyborohydride (312 mg, 1.48 mmol) and isopropylamine (100 μl, 1.2 mmol) in CH₃CN (6 mL) were stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Isopropylamine (500 μl, 5.8 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours, then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (312 mg, 1.5 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 24 hours. 10% K₂CO₃ aqueous solution was added. The reaction mixture was extracted twice with DCM, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated. The residue (437 mg) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase, gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 0.8% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated to give 113 mg (38%) of compound 33 and 42 mg (14%) of compound 43

Example B33 Preparation of Compound 604

N, N-diisopropylethylamine (0.86 mL; 5.2 mmol) and triethylamine (0.73 mL; 5.2 mmol) were added to a solution of intermediate 73 (0.6 g; 0.87 mmol) in methanol (7.5 mL). The reaction was stirred at 80° C. for 15 hours, cooled down to room temperature and diluted with DCM and water. The organic layer was separated, washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected, the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.25 g, 59%) was crystallized from diethyl ether/CH₃CN. The precipitate was filtered off and dried under vacuum, yielding 215 mg (51%) of compound 604. MP: 157° C. (DSC)

Example B34 Preparation of Compound 605

NaH (1.1 g; 27.7 mmol) was added portionwise to N, N-dimethylformamide (100 mL), after few minutes intermediate 3 (5 g; 13.8 mmol) was added portionwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 30 minutes. Then, a solution of ethyl-2-bromopropionate (3.6 mL; 27.7 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (7 mL) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 3 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water. The precipitate was filtered, washed with water. The organic layer was separated and washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (7.51 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-40 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated yielding 5.3 g (84%) of compound 605.

Example B35 Preparation of a Compound 607 (Mixture of Enantiomers)

A solution of intermediate 74 (8 g; 16.08 mmol) and potassium phtalimide (6 g; 32.16 mmol) in CH₃CN (110 mL) was heated at 120° C. for 2 hours using one single mode microwave. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. The precipitate was filtered, washed with water and DCM. The organic layer was separated and washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to give 7.4 g of compound 607 used without further purification for the next step.

Example B36 Preparation of Compound 313

A 1M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF (7.7 mL; 7.7 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 76 (3.5 g; 5.9 mmol) in THF (75 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The mixture was basified with K₂CO₃ 10% and the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (4.4 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 2.62 g (93%) of compound 313 MP: 176° C. (DSC).

Example B37 Preparation of Compound 615

A mixture of intermediate 77 (2 g; 3.6 mmol) and isopropylamine (1.55 g; 18 mmol) in acetonitrile (30 mL) was heated at 100° C. in a sealed vessel for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with a solution of NaHCO₃, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (2.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-40 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.85 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether, the precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 0.76 g (41%) of compound 615. MP: 134° C. (DSC)

Example B38 Preparation of Compound 616

Trifluoroacetic acid (6.5 mL; 84.8 mmol) was added to a solution of intermediate 82 in DCM (50 mL) at 10° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated, the residue was taken-up with DCM, washed with K₂CO₃ 10%. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 0.65 g (65%) of compound 616. MP: 170° C. (Kofler)

Example B39 Preparation of Compound 617

A 1M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF (1.82 mL, 1.8 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 85 (0.88 g, 1.65 mmol) in THF (20 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The mixture was basified with K₂CO₃ 10%, the organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness.

The residue (0.68 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.54 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 0.444 g (65%) of compound 617. MP: 149° C. (DSC)

Example B40 Preparation of Compound 618

A mixture of intermediate 86 (0.446 g; 0.91 mmol) and isopropylamine (6.2 mL; 72.3 mmol) in acetonitrile (14 mL) was heated at 140° C. in a sealed vessel for 1 hour using one single mode microwave. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with a solution of NaHCO₃, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.423 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.3 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether, the precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 0.21 g (52%) of compound 618. MP: 139° C. (DSC).

Example B41 Preparation of Compound 619

as a HCl Salt

A mixture of intermediate 87 (1.26 g; 0.99 mmol), hydrazine monohydrate (0.22 mL; 7.0 mmol) in EtOH (20 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated until dryness. The residue (0.566 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 5 μm, 150*30 mm; mobile phase gradient 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 1.2% NH₄OH, 88% DCM, 12% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.385 g, 77%) was dissolved in isopropyl alcohol. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. then 0.6 mL of HCl in isopropyl alcohol 5N was added dropwise to the solution. Diethyl ether was added to the solution and was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour.

The precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 0.42 g (69%) of compound 619. MP: 210° C. (Kofler)

Example B42 a) Preparation of Compound 620

A mixture of intermediate 10 (1.4 g; 2.9 mmol), tert butyl (1S,4S)-(−)-2,5-diazabicyclo [2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylate (0.69 g; 3.5 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (0.8 g; 5.8 mmol) in CH₃CN (20 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 48 hours.

The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured out into ice water EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated until dryness. The residue (1.6 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 94% DCM, 6% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.74 g) was purified with super critical fluid chromatography (Amino 6 μm, 150*21.1 mm; mobile phase 90% CO₂, 10% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.6 g, 36%) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off, dried in vacuum to provide 0.444 g (26%) of compound 620. MP: 114° C. (Kofler)

b) Preparation of Compound 621

as a HCl Salt

A 5N solution of HCl in i-PrOH (0.48 mL, 2.4 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 620 (0.35 g, 0.6 mmol) in CH₃OH (10 mL) at 5° C. and the mixture was then stirred 3 days at room temperature. Diethyl ether was added and the precipitate was filtered off, was dried under vacuum to afford 0.33 g (94%) of the compound 621. MP: >260° C. (Kofler)

Example B43 Preparation of Compound 622

A 1M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF (1.1 mL; 1.1 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 88 (0.43 g; 0.79 mmol) in THF (6 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The mixture was poured out into ice water. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with water and CH₃CN and dried to afford 0.13 g (40%) of compound 622. MP: 190° C. (Kofler)

Example B44 Preparation of Compound 623

As a HCl Salt

A mixture of intermediate 89 (0.26 g; 0.43 mmol) and isopropylamine (5 mL) in acetonitrile (2 mL) was heated at 90° C. in a sealed vessel for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, washed, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.28 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase 0.4% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.156 g, 77%) was dissolved in CH₃CN. HCl in isopropyl alcohol 5N was added dropwise to the solution. The solvent was evaporated, dried in vacuum to give 0.162 g (70%) of compound 623. MP: 133° C. (Kofler)

Example B45 Preparation of Compound 630

NaH (0.54 g; 13.3 mmol) was added portionwise to intermediate 3 (2.4 g; 6.66 mmol) in N N-dimethylformamide (36 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 minutes. Then intermediate 91 (2.2 mL; 10 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (4.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 98.5% DCM, 1.5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.793 g (21%) of compound 630. MP: 67° C. (Kofler).

Example B46

Preparation of Compound 632

Trifluoroacetic acid (0.073 mL; 0.25 mmol) was added to a solution of intermediate 92 (0.135 g; 0.25 mmol) in THF (5 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water; EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.151 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOHSiOH, 5 μm, 150*30 mm; mobile phase gradient from 70% Heptane, 2% MeOH, 28% EtOAc to 20% MeOH, 80% EtOAc). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.04 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.033 g (31%) of compound 632. MP: 156° C. (DSC)

Example B47 Preparation of Compound 638

NaH (0.65 g; 16.6 mmol) was added portionwise to intermediate 3 (3 g; 8.3 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (25 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 10° C. for 30 minutes. Then 3-chloro-3-methyl-1-butyne (1.2 g; 10.8 mmol) was added dropwise under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (4 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (mobile phase gradient from 71% Heptane, 1% MeOH, 28% EtOAc to 20% MeOH, 80% EtOAc). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.152 g (4%) of compound 638 used without further purification for the next step.

Example B47A Preparation of Compound 919

Sodium hydride (0.24 g; 6.1 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 3 (1.1 g; 3 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 30 minutes. Then a solution of (4-chloro-2-butyn-1-yl)-benzene (1 g; 6.1 mmo)) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C., then stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 15-40 μm 300 g, mobile phase: 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The desired fractions were collected and evaporated to give 0.66 g of residue which was then purified by achiral Supercritical Fluid Chromatography on (5 μm, mobile phase, 60% CO₂, 40% mixture of MeOH/iPrOH 50/50 v/v). The desired fractions were collected and evaporated to give 282 mg (19%) of compound 919. This fraction was crystallized from Et₂O to give 143 mg of compound 919 (mp=130° C.).

Example B48 Preparation of Compound 641

A mixture of intermediate 17a (0.3 g; 0.6 mmol), glycinamide hydrochloride (0.2 g; 1.8 mmol), potassium iodide (0.1 g; 0.6 mmol), sodium carbonate (0.32 g; 3.0 mmol) in 1-BuOH (12 mL) was stirred at 85° C. for 18 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.28 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 5 μm, 150*30 mm; mobile phase gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 0.9% NH₄OH, 91% DCM, 9% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.100 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.081 g (28%) of compound 641. MP: 155° C. (DSC).

Example B49 Preparation of Compound 137

A mixture of intermediate 93 (12.8 g; 23.4 mmol) and isopropylamine (61 mL; 500 mmol) in acetonitrile (500 mL) was heated at 100° C. in a sealed vessel for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered over silica gel and evaporated till dryness. The residue (13 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH 20-40 μm, 1000 g; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 8 g (55%) of the free base which was converted into its HCl salt as compound 137.

Example B50 Preparation of Compound 2

A 1M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in THF (30.3 mL; 30.3 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 94 (10.2 g; 20.2 mmol) in THF (70 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The mixture was poured out into ice water, basified with K₂CO₃ 10% and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried to afford 5.9 g (75%) of compound 2. MP: 169° C. (DSC).

Example B51 Preparation of Compound 644

as a HCl Salt

A mixture of intermediate 100 (0.09 g; 0.14 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (0.058 g; 0.42 mmol) in MeOH (1.1 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (0.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH 15-40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 93% DCM, 7% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in EtOH/CH₃CN and acidified with HCl/i-PrOH 5N. The precipitate was filtered off and dried to give 0.053 g (46%) of compound 644as a chlorhydrate.

Example B52 Alternative Preparation of Compound 93

Intermediate 3 (10 g; 27.7 mmol) was added to a solution of potassium hydroxide (27.4 g; 415 mmol), tetrabutylammonium bromide (1.34 g; 4.0 mmol) in (280 mL) and water (3 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 30 minutes, then 3-bromopropylamine hydrochloride (9.7 g; 44.3 mmol) was added portionwise and stirred at 50° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (20 g) was purified by chromatography (Irregular SiOH 20-45 μm, 1000 g; mobile phase 1% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 10.5 g (90%) of compound 93. MP: 178° C. (DSC)

Example B53 Preparation of Compound 645

A 5N solution of HCl in i-PrOH (2.5 mL; 12.5 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate 105 (0.8 g, 1.54 mmol) in CH₃OH (25 mL) at 10° C. and then the mixture was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature. The red precipitate was filtered, rinsed with diethyl ether and dried. The precipitate was taken up with DCM and washed with a solution of NaOH 1M. The organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum to give 0.22 g (34%) of compound 645. MP: 188° C. (DSC)

Example B54 Preparation of Compound 646

A 5N solution of HCl in i-PrOH (1.1 mL; 5.7 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate

(0.8 g; 1.4 mmol) (prepared according to the procedure described for intermediate 103 in A42a-c) in CH₃OH (20 mL) at 10° C. and then the mixture was stirred for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was taken up with DCM and washed with a solution of hydroxide de sodium 1M, the organic layer was washed with water, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (1.3 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular, SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase from 0.5% NH₄OH, 93% DCM, 7% MeOH to 1% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether, the precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum to give 0.11 g (19%) of compound 646. MP: 125° C. (Kofler)

Example B55 Preparation of Compound 647

as a HCl Salt

A 5N solution of HCl in i-PrOH (0.7 mL; 3.4 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of intermediate

(0.5 g; 0.8 mmol) (prepared according to the procedure described for intermediate 105 in A42e) in CH₃OH (20 mL) at 10° C. and then the mixture was stirred 18 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated till dryness and the residue was taken up with DCM and basified with a solution of sodium hydroxide 1N. The organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether and 1 mL of HCl 3N. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.2 g (49%) of compound 647. MP: 133° C. (Kofler)

Example B56 Preparation of Compound 655

K₂CO₃ (0.38 g; 2.7 mmol) was added to intermediate 109 (1.4 g; 2.7 mmol) in MeOH (40 mL). The solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness to give 1.2 g of compound 655.

Example B57 Preparation of Compound 658

Intermediate 110 (0.4 g; 0.67 mmol) was hydrogenated at room temperature in MeOH (20 mL) with Nickel de Raney (0.4 g; 6.88 mmol) as a catalyst in pressure vessel (3 bars). After 5 hours the catalyst was filtered off on a pad of Celite® and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo until dryness. The residue (0.32 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g; mobile phase, 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The residue (0.19 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.16 g (42%) of compound 658. MP: 152° C. (DSC).

Example B58 Preparation of Compound 659

K₂CO₃ (0.17 g, 1.19 mmol) was added to intermediate 111

(0.66 g, 1.19 mmol) (prepared according to the procedure described in A44 starting from intermediate 112) in MeOH (20 mL). The solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized from CH₃CN and diethyl ether, the precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.25 g (44%) of compound 659. MP: 106° C. (DSC).

Example B59 Preparation of Compounds 660 and 661

NaH (0.19 g; 4.7 mmol) was added portionwise to intermediate 118 (0.95 g; 2.4 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour. Then 1,2-epoxy-3,3,3-trifluoropropane (0.4 mL; 4.7 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then was allowed to rise to room temperature, stirred for 18 hours and 3 hours at 60° C. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.44 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular, SiOH 20-45 μm, 450 g, mobile phase gradient from 0.5% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 1% NH₄OH, 88% DCM, 12% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to provide 1.44 g of residue. The enantiomers were separated by chiral super critical fluid chromatography (CHIRALPAK AD-H 5 μm 250×20 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 55% CO₂, 45% MeOH). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The first eluted enantiomer (0.15 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.11 g (9%) of compound 660 (R*, MP=154° C. (DSC)). The second eluted enantiomer (0.15 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.116 g (10%) of compound 661 (S*, MP=151° C. (DSC)).

Example B59A Preparation of Compounds 926 (Free Base) and 892 (HCl Salt)

as a HCl Salt

The following reaction was performed two times:

Sodium hydride (2.0 g, 49.8 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 3 (9 g, 24.9 mmol) in DMF (140 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then 1.2-epoxy-3-methylbutane (5.3 mL, 49.8 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred 1 hour at 5° C., then stirred at 80° C. for 3 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to give a brown oil. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 20-45 μm, mobile phase (0.1% NH₄OH, 97.5% DCM, 2.5% MeOH). The desired product fraction were collected and evaporated to provide 1.2 g (11%) of compound 389 and 3.36 g (25%) of compound 926. This later fraction was repurified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 20-45 μm 450 g, mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The product fraction was collected and evaporated to provide 1.1 g (8%) of compound 926. A fraction (300 mg) was converted into the HCl salt in MeOH. The solid was filtered, washed with Et₂O and dried to give 159 mg of a red powder compound 892.

Example B60 Preparation of Compound 664

NaH (0.11 g; 2.8 mmol) was added portionwise to intermediate 3 (0.5 g; 1.4 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (3 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour. Then dimethylsulfamoyl chloride (0.3 mL; 2.8 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then was allowed to rise to room temperature and stirred for 6 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.8 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 5 μm, 150*30 mm, mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 0.4% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated. The residue (0.05 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.046 g (7%) of compound 664. MP: 80° C. (Kofler).

Example B61 Preparation of Compound 667 and 668

A solution of intermediate 10 (1 g; 2 mmol), 3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole (0.35 g, 4.2 mmol) and K2003 (0.72 g; 5.2 mmol) in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (35 mL) was stirred at 135° C. for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature and diluted with EtOAc and water. The organic layer was separated, washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (1.8 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 20-45 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.72 g) was separated by chiral super critical fluid chromatography (CHIRALPAK AD-H 5 μm 250×20 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 50% CO₂, 50% isopropanol). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The first product was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.25 g (26%) of compound 667. MP: 181° C. (DSC).

The second product was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.27 g (28%) of compound 668. MP: 137° C. (DSC).

Example B62 Preparation of Compound 669

The experiment has been performed 6 times on the following amounts.

A mixture of intermediate 3 (0.5 g; 1.4 mmol), diethyl(vinyl)phosphonate (0.5 mL; 3 mmol) and tri-N-butylphosphine (0.035 mL; 0.1 mmol) in CH₃CN (2 mL) was stirred at 140° C. for 15 hours in a sealed tube. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature and diluted with DCM and water. The organic layers were separated, combined, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (7 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 20-45 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% iPrOH). The pure fractions were collected, the solvent was evaporated. The residue (3.1 g) was crystallized from CH₃CN and diethyl ether, the precipitate was filtered off and dried to give 0.88 g (21%) of compound 669. MP: 122° C. (DSC).

Example B63 Preparation of Compound 693

as a HCl Salt

Trifluoroacetic acid (7 mL; 94.7 mmol) was added to a solution of

prepared according to a protocol as described in B3B (1.2 g; 2 mmol) in DCM (60 mL). Then the solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and basified with NH₄OH. The product was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether and the precipitate was filtered off.

The precipitate was dissolved in isopropyl alcohol and stirred at 0° C., then 0.8 mL of HCl i-PrOH 5N was added dropwise. Diethyl ether was added and the solution was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.48 g (35%) of compound 693 MP: 151° C. (DSC).

Example B64 Preparation of Compound 846

Lithium hydroxide monohydrate (0.085 g; 2.0 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 142 (0.72 g; 1.4 mmol) in THF (20 mL) and H₂O (6 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated until dryness. The residue was taken up with diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.577 g (88%) of compound 846. MP: 170° C. (Kofler)

Example B65 Preparation of Compound 763

Reaction performed in a microwave device (biotage) in a sealed tube.

Intermediate 88a (198.6 mg, 0.552 mmol), intermediate 131 (520 mg, 1.21 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) (31.89 mg, 0.028 mmol) in toluene (2.6 ml) were stirred at 160° C. for 40 minutes. Toluene (2.6 ml) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 160° C. for 40 minutes. Water was added and the reaction mixture was extracted with AcOEt. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and dried to give a yellow oil. This oil was crystallized from CH₃CN. The crystals were dried (room temperature) to give compound 763 as a yellow powder. MP: 176° C.

C. Conversion Reactions Conversion 1 Preparation of Compound 44a

and Compound 44.

HCl (5.53 mL; 27.65 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 6 (3.2 g; 5.53 mmol) in CH₃OH (70 mL) and heated to 60° C. for 8 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into H₂O, basified with K₂CO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm 30 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient 100% DCM to 90% DCM, 10% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The desired fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated. The compound 44a 1.95 g (71%) was dissolved in diisopropyl alcohol and HCl (5 to 6N in alcohol) (3 mL), stirred for 30 minutes and evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallized in diethyl ether, yielding 1.537 g (47%) of compound 44. MP=215.29° C. (DSC).

Conversion 2 Preparation of Compound 45

Compound 9 (3.02 g; 5.95 mmol) in pyrrolidine (50 mL) was heated at 70° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and evaporated to dryness. The residue was poured into H₂O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue (4.04 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 90 g; mobile phase, gradient from 100% DCM to 90% DCM/10% MeOH/0.1% NH₄OH). The desired fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 1.83 g (57%) of compound 45.

Conversion 2A Preparation of Compound 344

as a HCl Salt

A solution of compound 310 (0.93 g; 2.1 mmol), pyrrolidine (0.52 mL; 6.4 mL), K₂CO₃ (0.3 g; 2.2 mmol) in CH₃CN (50 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature, poured out into ice water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated and washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.9 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 5 μm; mobile phase gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 1.3% NH₄OH, 87% DCM, 13% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.52 g) was dissolved in MeOH and converted into the hydrochloric acid salt with HCl/2-propanol. Et₂O was added and the precipitate was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered off and dried to afford 0.55 g (47%) of compound 344. MP: 162° C. (DSC)

Conversion 2B

Preparation of compound 692 and 563

as a HCl Salt

as a HCl Salt

NaH (0.13 g; 3.3 mmol) was added portionwise to 2,4-dimethylimidazole (0.3 g; 3 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (25 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 30 minutes, then compound 236 (1 g; 2.4 mmol) was added at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water. The organic layer was separated and washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.8 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (1 g) was purified by achiral super critical fluid chromatography (Amino 6 μm; mobile phase 0.3% isopropylamine, 15% MeOH, 85% CO₂). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The first fraction (0.44 g) was further purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 5 μm; mobile phase gradient from 0.4% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH to 1.5% NH₄OH, 85% DCM, 15% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.38 g) was dissolved in acetone, then HCl 4N in dioxane was added dropwise. Diethyl ether was added and the precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.39 g (27%) of compound 692. MP: 157° C. (DSC).

The second fraction was dissolved in CH₃CN, then HCl 4N in dioxane was added dropwise. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.11 g (8%) of compound 563. MP: 201° C. (DSC).

can be prepared according to the above protocol.

Conversion 3 Preparation of Compound 46

Hydrazine monohydrate (0.15 mL; 4.8 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 47 (0.420 g; 0.7 mmol) in EtOH (20 mL). The mixture was heated at 80° C. for 24 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, evaporated and the residue was poured into water. The organic layer was extracted with DCM, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude product was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase, gradient from 0% NH₄OH, 100% DCM, 0% MeOH to 0.8% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness, yielding 56 mg (71%) of compound 46.

Conversion 4 Preparation of Compound 48

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.093 mL, 1.2 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 93 (250 mg, 0.6 mmol) and Et₃N (0.25 mL, 1.8 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) at 5° C. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The crude product was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum to give 118 mg (40%) of compound 48. MP=189° C. (DSC).

Conversion 5 a) Preparation of Compound 5C

NaH (44.8 mg, 1.12 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 17 (0.3 g, 0.75 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) at 5° C. under N₂. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, then 1,2-dibromoethane (0.194 mL, 2.24 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours, then poured into H₂O/K₂CO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm MERCK; mobile phase, gradient 100% DCM to 97% DCM, 3% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness, yielding 0.236 g (63%) of compound 50.

b) Preparation of Compound 52

Compound 17 (214 mg; 0.53 mmol), 1-chloro-2-methyl-2-propanol (0.13 mL; 1.28 mmol), K₂CO₃ (147 mg; 1.1 mmol) in DMF (9 mL) were heated to 120° C. for 72 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into H₂O/K₂CO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness.

The residue (277 mg) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase, gradient from 100% DCM to 90% DCM, 10% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH) The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The residue (226 mg) was crystallized in diethyl ether, yielding 178 mg (90%) of compound 52. MP=159° C. (DSC).

c) Preparation of Compound 53

A mixture of compound 54 (130 mg; 0.38 mmol), iodomethane (23.7 μl; 0.38 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (105.3 mg; 0.76 mmol) in CH₃CN (10 mL) was refluxed overnight. More iodomethane (23.7 μl; 0.38 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (105.3 mg; 0.76 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was refluxed 8 more hours. The reaction mixture was poured onto water and the product was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered off and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase, 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized in diethyl ether, filtered and dried, yielding 29 mg (21%) of compound 53.

d) Preparation of Compound 55

NaH (0.59 g, 1.495 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 17 (0.3 g, 0.75 mmol) in DMF (6 mL). The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour, then 1-(2-oxiranylmethyl)-piperidine (0.316 mg, 2.24 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour and at 90° C. overnight. The mixture was poured out into water and extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried, filtered and concentrated till dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase, 0.7% NH₄OH, 93% DCM, 7% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 0.045 g (11%) of compound 55.

e) Preparation of Compound 56

NaH (179.3 mg, 4.5 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 17 (1.5 g, 3.7 mmol) in DMF (20 mL). The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour, then (2-bromoethoxy)-tert-butyldimethylsilane (0.96 mL, 04.5 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The mixture was poured out into water and extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried, filtered and concentrated till dryness to give 2.1 g of a crude residue. Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (3.75 mL, 1M solution in THF, 3.75 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of the above residue in THF (25 mL) at room temperature and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, basified with K₂CO₃ and extracted by EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated till dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm 50 g; mobile phase, gradient 100% DCM to 97% DCM, 3% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 1.3 g (77%) of compound 56 which was triturated in Et₂O, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C. to give 1.22 g (73%) of compound 56. MP=147.5° C. (DSC).

f) Preparation of Compound 57

Compound 16 (0.02 g, 0.046 mmol), methyl vinyl sulfone (33 μL, 0.4 mmol), Et₃N (15.5 mL, 0.11 mmol) in CH₃OH (2 mL) were heated to 120° C. under microwave irradiation for 30 minutes. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase 95% DCM, 5% MeOH, 0.5% NH₄OH). The desired fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 22.3 mg (90%) of compound 57. MP=80° C. (Kofler).

g) Preparation of Compound 58

Dimethylsulfamoylchloride (0.06 mL, 0.56 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 17 (0.15 g, 0.37 mmol), 4-methylaminopyridine (0.0045 g, 0.037 mmol), Et₃N (0.104 mL, 0.75 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15/40 μm, 30 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient 100% DCM to 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The desired fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The compound was crystallized from diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 0.065 g (34%) of compound 58. MP=163° C. (DSC).

h) Preparation of Compound 59

Compound 60 (prepared according to conversion 7 reaction from compound 127) (0.073 g, 0.15 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (5 mL), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.037 mL, 0.23 mmol) was added. To this solution, methanesulfonylchloride (0.035 mL, 0.23 mmol) was added dropwise at 0° C. and the mixture was stirred overnight. Water and DCM were added. The organic layer was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue (0.1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g MERCK; mobile phase, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.089 g) was crystallized from DIPE. The precipitate was filtered, dried under vacuum, yielding 0.04 g (47%) of compound 59. MP=200° C. (Kofler).

i) Preparation of Compound 51

NaH (0.25 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 17 (0.125 mmol) in DMF (4 mL). The mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 30 minutes, then allyl bromide (0.19 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The mixture was poured into water and the product was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with water, brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness, yielding 60 mg (100%) of compound 51.

Conversion 6 Preparation of Compound 61

Compound 50 (0.319 g, 0.63 mmol), K₂CO₃ (0.347 g, 2.51 mmol), methylamine in 2M THF (0.94 mL, 1.88 mmol) in CH₃CN (25 mL) were heated at 80° C. for 15 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into H₂O/K₂CO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase, gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH to 0.2% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The product was crystallized with DIPE and pentane, filtered and dried, yielding 157 mg (55%) of compound 61. MP=103° C. (DSC).

Conversion 7 Preparation of Compound 62

Compound 63 (0.280 g, 0.46 mmol), 3N HCl (4 mL) and dioxane (4 mL) were heated to 60° C. for 5 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into H₂O and basified with K₂CO₃. The product was extracted with EtOAc, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallized with DIPE and diethyl ether, filtered and dried, yielding 100 mg (43%) of compound 62. MP=221° C. (DSC).

Conversion 8

Preparation of Compound 64

Lithium hydroxide monohydrate (43 mg; 1.0 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 65 (230 mg; 0.5 mmol) in THF (5 mL) and H₂O (2 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was evaporated till dryness. The residue was taken up with water and the mixture was acidified with HCl 3N. After stirring, the precipitate was filtered, washed with water and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.206 g (88%) of compound 64.

Conversion 9 Preparation of Compound 66

A mixture of compound 67 (0.245 g, 0.53 mmol), zinc cyanide (0.093 g, 0.79 mmol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (0.024 g, 0.026 mmol), Zinc (0.017 g, 0.26 mmol) and 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (0.036 g, 0.066 mmol) in N,N-dimethylacetamide (2 mL) was heated at 140° C. for 1 hour under microwave irradiation. The reaction was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.27 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient from 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 94% DCM, 6% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.2 g, 92%) was crystallized from DIPE. The precipitate was filtered, dried under vacuum, yielding 0.046 g (21%) of compound 66. MP=143° C.

Conversion 10

Preparation of Compound 68 as a HCl salt

A solution of compound 66 (0.1 g, 0.24 mmol) and Nickel (0.1 g, 1.70 mmol) in ammonia and MeOH (4 mL of a 7N solution) was hydrogenated under 2 atmospheres of H₂ for 3 hours at room temperature, using Nickel as the catalyst. The catalyst was removed by filtration through celite, washed with DCM and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue (0.1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g MERCK; mobile phase gradient from 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 94% DCM, 6% MeOH).

The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.075 g, 74%) was dissolved in iPrOH, 0.11 mL of HCl 5N/iPrOH was added dropwise at 5° C. The salt was filtered, washed with DIPE and dried under vacumn at 60° C., yielding 0.032 g (29%) of compound 68.

Conversion 11 Preparation of Compound 69

A mixture of compound 64 (Li-salt) (500 mg, 1.18 mmol), 1,1,1-trimethyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)silanamine (0.5 mL, 2.35 mmol), N3-(ethylcarbonimidoyl)-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine hydrochloride (1:1) (365 mg, 2.35 mmol), HOBt (318 mg, 2.35 mmol), Et₃N (0.33 mL, 2.35 mmol) in DMF (80 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (167 mg) was triturated from diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum to give 141 mg (29%) of compound 69. MP=264° C. (DSC).

Conversion 12 Preparation of Compound 70

as a HCl Salt

HCl (0.496 mL; 2.5 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 71 (277 mg; 0.50 mmol) in isopropyl alcohol (20 mL). The reaction mixture was heated at 50° C. for 4 hours, then 70° C. for 4 hours. The mixture was poured into H₂O and basified with K₂CO₃, then extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, MERCK; mobile phase, gradient 100% DCM to 80% DCM, 20% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (110 mg) was dissolved in diisopropyl alcohol and HCl (0.2 mL of a 5 to 6N in isopropyl alcohol) was added. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and evaporated to dryness. Then the residue was crystallized in diethyl ether, yielding 110 mg (39%) of compound 70. M.P=163° C. (DSC).

Conversion 13 Preparation of Compound 72

Formaldehyde (0.045 mL, 0.60 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 73 (prepared according to conversion 7 reaction from compound 128) (0.15 g, 0.30 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL) and THF (2 mL) at room temperature. Then sodium cyanoborohydride (0.028 g, 0.45 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was poured out into ice. The organic layer was extracted with DCM, dried (MgSO₄), filtered off and evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient from 95% DCM, 5% MeOH to 80% DCM, 20% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (60 mg, 39%) was crystallized from DIPE/diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered, dried under vacuum, yielding 0.046 g (30%) of compound 72. MP=120° C. (Kofler).

Conversion 14 Preparation of Compound 74

A mixture of compound 64 (0.14 g, 0.33 mmol), methylamine hydrochloride (0.052 g, 1.67 mmol), N3-(ethylcarbonimidoyl)-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine hydrochloride (1:1) (0.077 g, 0.50 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.068 g, 0.50 mmol), triethylamine (0.325 mL, 2.34 mmol) in DCM (14 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Stability Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase, gradient from 0% NH₄OH, 100% DCM, 0% MeOH to 0.7% NH₄OH, 93% DCM, 7% MeOH). The product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was triturated from diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 0.078 g (54%) of compound 74. MP=252-254° C. (Kofler).

Conversion 15 Preparation of Compound 75

Trifluoroacetic acid (1.07 mL; 14.37 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 76 (2 g; 4.79 mmol) in H₂O (19.5 mL) and dioxane (80 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 5 hours, poured into H₂O and basified with K₂CO₃, extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 35-40 μm, 80 g Grace Resolv; mobile phase, gradient 100% DCM to 90% DCM, 10% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (2.1 g) was crystallized in Et₂O and CH₃CN, yielding 1.61 g (77%) of compound 75. MP=187° C. (DSC).

Conversion 16 Preparation of Compound 75

At 0° C., potassium permanganate (0.11 g, 0.7 mol) was added to a solution of compound 121 (0.28 g, 0.0007 mol) in acetone (8 mL)/H₂O (2.5 mL). The solution was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours and then poured into ice water. DCM was added and the mixture was filtered through a celite layer. The organic layer was extracted, dried (MgSO₄) and evaporated to dryness. The residue (200 mg) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Stability Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 1.1% NH₄OH, 89% DCM, 11% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (100 mg, 33%) was crystallized from CH₃CN/diethyl ether, yielding 77 mg (25%) of compound 75. MP=186° C. (DSC).

Conversion 17

Preparation of Compound 78

Iodomethane (0.5 mL, 8.0 mmol) was added very slowly to a suspension of Mg (0.196 g, 8.0 mmol) in diethyl ether (2 mL) at room temperature under N₂. When the Grignard reagent was started, diethyl ether (10 mL) was added and the reaction was stirred for 30 minutes. This mixture was added dropwise to a solution of compound 65 (0.240 g, 0.54 mmol) in THF (12 mL) at room temperature under N₂. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 2 hours, then cooled to room temperature. The mixture was poured into H₂O/NH₄Cl and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness to afford a crude residue (0.248 g) which was purified by super critical fluid chromatography (CYANO 6 μm 150×21.1 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% isopropylamine, 7% MeOH, 93% CO₂). The pure fractions were evaporated yielding 90 mg of compound 78 which was crystallized in Et₂O to afford 57 mg (24%) of compound 78. MP=162° C. (DSC).

Conversion 18 Preparation of Compound 79a

and Compound 79

as a HCl Salt

A mixture of compound 76 (0.505 gg; 1.21 mmol) and methylamine in 2M THF (6.05 mLmL, 12.1 mmol) in DMF (8 mL) was heated at 100° C. for 15 hours in a sealed vessel, cooled to room temperature and poured into H₂Oand K₂CO₃, extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm 30 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient from 100% DCM to 90% DCM, 10% MeOH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The pure fractions were evaporated yielding 0.406 g (75%) of compound 79a which was dissolved in diisopropyl alcohol. HCl (5 to 6N) was added. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, evaporated to dryness. Then the residue was crystallized in Et₂O, yielding 0.4 g (62%) of compound 79. MP=224° C. (DSC).

Conversion 19 Preparation of Compound 80

(E-Isomer) and Compound 81

(Z-Isomer)

Hydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.043 g, 0.62 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 82 (0.13 g, 0.31 mmol) and pyridine (0.13 mL) in EtOH (4 mL) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase, 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). Two different residues were collected and the solvent was evaporated for each of them. The first residue was crystallized from DIPE/CH₃CN (90/10). The precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.087 g (64%) of compound 80 (E-isomer). MP=144° C. (Kofler).

The second residue (0.068 g) was crystallized from DIPE/CH₃CN (90/10). The precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 0.051 g (38%) of compound 81 (Z-isomer). MP=199° C. (Kofler).

Conversion 20 Preparation of Compound 83

N3-(ethylcarbonimidoyl)-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine hydrochloride (1:1) (129 mg; 0.83 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 84 (223 mg; 0.55 mmol), 1-methyl-3-piperidinecarboxylic acid hydrochloride (1:1) (148.8 mg; 0.82 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (112 mg; 0.615 mmol), 4-methylporpholine (182 μl; 1.66 mmol) in DMF (8 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 24 hours, then poured into H₂O/K₂CO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase, 0.5% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized in diethyl ether, yielding 122 mg (42%) of compound 83. MP142° C. (DSC).

Conversion 21 Preparation of Compound 85

At 0° C., under N₂, diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (0.224 mL, 1.68 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 56 (0.250 g, 0.56 mmol) in DCM (4 mL). The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. An aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%) was added. The mixture was extracted with DCM. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (246 mg) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase, gradient from 0% NH₄OH, 100% DCM, 0% MeOH to 0.3% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The residue (58 mg) was crystallized with DIPE, filtered and dried, yielding 36 mg (14%) of compound 85.

Conversion 22 Preparation of Compound 86

A mixture of compound 122 (0.5 g, 1.21 mmol), sodium azide (0.235 g, 3.62 mmol), ammonium chloride (194 mg; 3.62 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL) was heated at 140° C. for 72 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was acidified with HCl 3N. EtOAc was added and the mixture was stirred. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.42 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase, 93% DCM, 7% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.110 g, 20%) was crystallized from diethyl ether/CH₃CN, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 0.070 g (12%) of compound 86. MP=196° C. (DSC).

Conversion 23 Preparation of Compound 87

Diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (276 μl; 2.25 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 88 (550 mg; 1.12 mmol) in DCM (14 mL) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and was then poured into H₂O/K₂CO₃. The organic layer was extracted, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue (629 mg) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase, 0.5% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (100 mg) was purified by achiral super critical fluid chromatography on (2 ETHYLPYRIDINE 6 μm 150×21.2 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 87% CO₂, 13% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.08 g) was crystallized in Et₂O yielding 72 mg (15%) of compound 87.

Conversion 24 Preparation of Compound 89

LiAlH₄ (0.031 g, 0.82 mmol) was added portionwise to a mixture of compound 90 (0.2 g, 0.41 mmol) in THF (10 mL) at 5° C. under N₂. The mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 3 hours. EtOAc followed by H₂O was added dropwise to the mixture at −5° C. The suspension was passed through a short pad of celite. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase, gradient from 0% NH₄OH, 100% DCM, 0% MeOH to 0.8% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from DIPE. The precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum, yielding 73 mg (40%) of compound 89. MP=126° C. (DSC).

Conversion 25 Preparation of Compound 91

Copper(I) iodide (52.697 mg, 0.28 mmol), then N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.829 mL, 4.75 mmol) were added at 5° C. to a solution of compound 38 (1.105 g, 2.78 mmol) and ethyl azidoacetate (1.38 mL, 5.53 mmol) in THF (35 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The mixture was quenched with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was decanted, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g MERCK; mobile phase, 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The fractions were collected yielding 430 mg of residue which was further purified by achiral super critical fluid chromatography on (AMINO 6 μm 150×21.2 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 90% CO₂, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness yielding two fractions.

The first fraction (90 mg) was crystallized from CH₃CN/DiPE. The precipitate was filtered off and dried yielding 74 mg (5%) of compound 91, MP=88° C. (DSC). The second fraction yielded 360 mg (25%) of compound 91.

Conversion 26 Preparation of Compound 92

Compound 93 (740 mg, 1.77 mmol), Et₃N (0.54 mL, 3.89 mmol) and trifluoroacetic anhydride (0.37 mL, 2.65 mmol) in THF (25 mL) were stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted with DCM. The organic layer was washed with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%), then with water, then dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue (800 mg) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase, 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (730 mg) was crystallized from diethyl ether/DIPE to give 465 mg (51%) of compound 92. MP=139° C. (DSC).

Conversion 27 Preparation of Compound 300

A suspension of compound 38 (1.38 g; 3.46 mmol), 2-iodo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole (0.45 g; 2.16 mmol) and Et₃N (3.0 mL; 21.6 mmol) in DMSO (25 mL) was degassed under N₂. Dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium (304 mg; 0.43 mmol) and copper(I) iodide (41 mg; 0.22 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured onto water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was decanted, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g MERCK; mobile phase, 0.4% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The residue (780 mg) was then purified by achiral super critical fluid chromatography on (2 AMINO 6 μm 150×21.2 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 80% CO₂, 20% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness, yielding 430 mg (41%) of compound 300. This fraction was taken up with CH₃CN. The precipitate was filtered off and dried yielding 377 mg (36%) of compound 300. MP=192° C. (DSC).

Conversion 28 Preparation of Compound 94

A mixture of compound 109 (2.5 g, 5.29 mmol) in NaOH 3M (7 mL) and THF (40 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with a 10% solution of NH₄Cl and EtOAc was added. The pH was adjusted to 4.5 by adding HCl 3N. The organic layer was decanted, washed with NH₄Cl saturated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallized from EtOH. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with EtOH, then diethyl ether and dried, yielding 2.02 g (86%) of compound 94. MP=101° C. (DSC).

Conversion 29 Preparation of Compound 95a

And Compound 95 as a HCl Salt

A mixture of compound 93 (0.15 g, 0.36 mmol), 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid (0.085 g, 0.54 mmol), N3-(ethylcarbonimidoyl)-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine hydrochloride (1:1) (0.083 g, 0.54 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.073 g, 0.54 mmol), Et₃N (0.075 mL, 0.54 mmol) in DCM (4 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.250 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase, 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The compound 95a was dissolved in CH₃CN, cooled to 5° C. and a solution of HCl 5N/iPrOH (0.3 mL) was added dropwise. The mixture was evaporated till dryness at room temperature. The mixture was taken up with diethyl ether, then the precipitate was filtered off and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 0.172 g (80%) of compound 95.

Conversion 30 Preparation of Compound 96

Acetone (0.322 mL, 4.361 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 70 (0.2 g, 0.436 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL) and THF (5 mL) at room temperature. Then sodium cyanoborohydride (0.055 g, 0.872 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. Acetone (0.129 mL, 1.745 mmol) and sodium cyanoborohydride (0.055 g, 0.872 mmol) were added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for the weekend. The mixture was poured out into ice, then the organic layer was extracted with DCM, dried (MgSO₄), filtered off and evaporated till dryness. The residue (254 mg) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g Merck; mobile phase, gradient from 100% DCM to 90% DCM, 10% CH₃OH, 0.1% NH₄OH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The product (236 mg) was crystallized with DIPE, filtered and dried, yielding 186 mg (85%) of compound 96. MP=168° C. (DSC).

Conversion 31 Preparation of Compound 97

and compound 98

* means relative stereochemistry

The enantiomers of compound 75 (5.4 g) were separated by chiral super critical fluid chromatography (CHIRALPAK AD-H 5 μm 250×20 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 40% CO₂, 60% MeOH). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The first eluted enantiomer (2.1 g) was crystallized in diethyl ether, yielding 1.965 g (36%) of compound 97 (R*, MP=188° C. (DSC)). The second enantiomer (2.1 g) was crystallized in diethyl ether, yielding 2 g (37%) of compound 98 (S*, MP=186° C. (DSC).

Conversion 32 Preparation of Compound 99

A mixture of compound 100 (0.5 g, 0.91 mmol) in HCl 4M in dioxane (2 mL) and CH₃CN (10 mL) was heated at 50° C. overnight. The mixture was poured out into ice, basified with K₂CO₃ and extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness to give 0.4 g (99%) of compound 99.

Conversion 33 Preparation of Compound 101

Sodium hydride (0.054 g, 1.36 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 99 (0.4 g, 0.9 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then iodomethane (68 μL, 1.09 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C., then at room temperature overnight. The reaction was poured out into ice and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.71 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase, gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 0.8% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH). The pure fractions were evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether and dried, yielding 0.172 g (42%) of compound 101. MP=186° C., (Kofler).

Conversion 34 Preparation of Compound 102

3,3-Bis(bromomethyl)oxetane (1.592 g, 6.52 mmol) was added to compound 84 (2.2 g, 5.44 mmol) and sodium carbonate (0.961 g, 9.1 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (80 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 7 days, then cooled to room temperature. The mixture was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography over silicagel (mobile phase, gradient from 99% DCM, 1% of a solution of NH₃ in MeOH to 97.5% DCM, 2.5% of a solution of NH₃ in MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated under reduced pressure, yielding 880 mg (33%) of compound 102.

Conversion 35 Preparation of Compound 103

as a HCl Salt

Sodium cyanide (0.094 g, 1.92 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 104 (0.5 g, 0.96 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) and H₂O (3 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at 60° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the solution was basified with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.63 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm 60 g PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 0.37 g of compound (75%). This compound was further purified by chiral super critical fluid chromatography on (CHIRALPAK AD-H 5 μm 250×20 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 60% EtOH, 40% CO₂). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.240 g, 49%) was dissolved in CH₃CN and cooled at 5° C. A solution of HCl 5N/i-PrOH (0.28 mL) was added dropwise at 5° C. The solution was evaporated till dryness. The residue was triturated with diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 0.250 g (42%) of compound 103.

Preparation of Compound 105

as a HCl Salt

a-1) Preparation of Intermediate 63

and Compound 126

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.18 mL; 2.31 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 108 (580 mg; 1.15 mmol), Et₃N (0.4 mL; 2.88 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 0.65 g (97%) of intermediate 63 and compound 126.

a-2) Sodium cyanide (0.110 g, 2.24 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of intermediate 63 (0.65 g, 1.12 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) and H₂O (3 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at 60° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. EtOAc was added and the solution was basified with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Sunfire Silica 5 μm 150×30.0 mm; mobile phase, gradient from 0% NH₄OH, 100% DCM to 0.5% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was further purified by chiral super critical fluid chromatography (CHIRALPAK AD-H 5 μm 250×20 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 40% EtOH, 60% CO₂). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.220 g, 38%) was dissolved from CH₃CN and cooled at 5° C. A solution of HCl 5N/iPrOH (0.258 mL) was added dropwise at 5° C. and the mixture was evaporated till dryness. The residue was triturated from diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 0.215 g (32%) of compound 105.

Conversion 36 Preparation of Compound 109

Sodium azide (84.1 mg, 1.29 mmol) was added at 5° C. to a solution of formaldehyde (0.65 mL, 8.62 mmol) and HOAc (74 μl, 1.29 mmol) in dioxane (1.5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes and a solution of compound 38 (310 mg, 0.78 mmol) in dioxane (1.5 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 10 minutes, then sodium L-ascorbate (34 mg, 0.17 mmol) was added, followed by a solution of copper sulfate in water (0.53 mL, 0.043 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 3 hours. Water was added and the reaction mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was decanted, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness, yielding 367 mg (100%) of compound 109.

Conversion 37 Preparation of Compound 110

To a solution of compound 111 (prepared according to conversion 5a reaction from compound 129) (170 mg, 0.29 mmol) in DCM (20 mL) was added 1-chloroethyl chloroformate (37 μl, 0.34 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 90 minutes. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. To the residue was added MeOH (20 mL) and the solution was heated to 40° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and evaporated under reduced pressure to yield a red solid. The residue (170 mg) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Hyperprep C18 HS BDS 100 A 8 mu (Shandon); mobile phase, gradient from 80% of a 0.5% solution of ammonium carbonate in water, 20% MeOH to 20% of a 0.5% solution of ammonium carbonate in water, 80% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 64 mg (44%) of compound 110.

Conversion 38 Preparation of Compound 82

Dess-martin periodinane (5.16 mL, 1.55 mmol) was added dropwise at 0° C. to compound 113 (0.59 g, 1.41 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) under N₂ flow. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, poured out into ice and basified with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ (10%). The organic layer was extracted with DCM, dried (MgSO₄), filtered off and evaporated till dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm; mobile phase, gradient from 98% DCM/2% MeOH to 95% DCM/5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated yielding 0.47 g (65%) of compound 82.

Conversion 39 Preparation of Compound 114

Sodium hydride (104 mg; 2.61 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 115 (500 mg; 0.87 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (8 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 1 hour, then a solution of iodomethane (0.16 mL; 2.61 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The obtained residue (0.55 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15/40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase, gradient from 100% DCM to 96% DCM, 4% MeOH. The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 0.39 g (76%) of compound 114.

Conversion 40 Preparation of Compound 116

Sodium hydride (0.066 g, 1.66 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of compound 117 (0.51 g, 0.83 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL) at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C., then iodomethane (0.103 mL, 1.66 mmol) was added portionwise at 5° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 5° C., then warmed to room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15/40 μm, 30 g MERCK; mobile phase, gradient from 100% DCM to 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated, yielding 0.400 g (76%) of compound 116.

Conversion 41 a) Preparation of Compound 118

To a stirred mixture of ethylenediamine (0.226 mL, 3.38 mmol) and dry toluene (15 mL) cooled on an ice bath and under nitrogen was added dropwise trimethylaluminium in heptane (1M, 4 mL, 4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 60 minutes and then compound 65 (300 mg, 0.670 mmol) in dry toluene (7 mL) was added. The mixture was heated to reflux for 3 hours and was then allowed to cool to room temperature. MeOH (50 mL) was added cautiously. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes and then filtered through Celite. The organic layers were concentrated and purified over chromatography over silica gel. The desired fractions were collected and the solvent evaporated, yielding compound 118 ((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-(3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-quinoxalin-6-yl]-amine) (100 mg).

b) Preparation of Compound 119

Compound 118 was heated to 100° C. in aqueous sodium hydroxide (2N, 5 mL) overnight to promote the ring opening reaction. 1,4-dioxane was added (5 mL) and the reaction was continued for a further 10 hours at 100° C. The reaction was allowed to cool and was extracted with EtOAc (2×). The organic layers were dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated. Hydrochloric acid in MeOH was added and the product was precipitated with diethyl ether. The bright red solid was isolated by filtration and was dried in a vacuum oven to give compound 119 (N-(2-Amino-ethyl)-2-{(3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-[3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-quinoxalin-6-yl]-aminol-acetamide) (80 mg).

Conversion 42 Preparation of Compound 120

To a solution of compound 84 (36 mg, 0.89 mol, 1 equiv.) in dioxane (3 mL) and DMF (1.5 mL) was added 1-iodo-2-fluoroethane (16 mg, 0.89 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (25 mg, 1.78 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to 90° C. for 5.5 hours and a further amount of DMF was added (1.5 mL) and the reaction mixture was heated to 100° C. for 1.5 hour. The solvents were removed under reduced pressure and the reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and water. The layers were separated, dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude mixture was purified by HPLC to give compound 120 (17 mg).

Conversion 43 Preparation of Compound 124

A solution of compound 76 (0.254 g; 0.608 mmol), potassium phtalimide (0.68 g, 3.65 mmol) in N-methyl-pyrrolidone (5 mL) was heated under microwave irradiation for 1.5 hour at 150° C. The solution was cooled and the mixture was poured into cooled water. The product was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with H₂O, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness to give compound 124 used without further purification for the next step.

Conversion 44 Preparation of Compound 125

Compound 124 was heated in EtOH (20 mL) with hydrazine monohydrate (0.57 mL; 18.25 mmol) at 80° C. for 5 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, evaporated and the residue was poured into water. The organic layer was extracted with DCM, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness to give 400 mg of crude product. The residue was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g, PharmPrep MERCK; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to give 140 mg (53%) of compound 125. MP=99° C. (DSC).

Conversion 45 Preparation of Compound 606

A solution of compound 605 (5.3 g; 11.55 mmol) in THF dry (105 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of lithium aluminium hydride (0.789 g; 20.79 mmol) in THF dry (105 mL) at 0° C. under a N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at 0° C. EtOAc was added dropwise to the reaction mixture, then water was added dropwise. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The residue (5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 1000 g; mobile phase gradient from 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH to 0.1% NH₄OH, 94% DCM, 6% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (4 g, 75%) was crystallized from DIPE. The precipitate was filtered off and dried under vacuum, yielding 3.5 g (65%) of the compound 606. MP: 97° C. (DSC)

Conversion 46

Preparation of compounds 608, 609, 610, 611

*means relative stereochemistry

Compound 607 (7.4 g; 6.74 mmol), hydrazine monohydrate (2.52 mL; 80.94 mmol) in EtOH (240 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured out into ice water. DCM was added and the organic layer was separated, washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated until dryness. The residue (5.1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular; SiOH 20-45 μm; 450 g; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 93% DCM, 7% MeOH). The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated to give 1.1 g of fraction I=compound 896 (enantiomeric mixture) and 1.1 g of fraction II=compound 897 (enantiomeric mixture).

The enantiomers of fraction I and II were separated by chiral super critical fluid chromatography (CHIRALPAK AD-H 5 μm 250×20 mm; mobile phase, 0.3% 2-propylamine, 60% CO₂, 40% isopropanol). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The first eluted enantiomer of fraction I (0.52 g) was crystallized in CH₃CN, yielding 0.325 g (12%) of compound 608 (R*, MP=159° C. (DSC)). The second enantiomer of fraction I (0.53 g) was crystallized in CH₃CN, yielding 0.284 g (10%) of compound 609 (S*, MP=155° C. (DSC)).

The first eluted enantiomer of fraction II (0.47 g) was crystallized in CH₃CN/diethyl ether, yielding 0.327 g (12%) of compound 610 (R*, MP=150° C. (DSC)). The second enantiomer of fraction II (0.475 g) was crystallized in CH₃CN, yielding 0.258 g (9%) of compound 611 (S*, MP=148° C. (DSC)).

Conversion 47 a) Preparation of Compound 612

Boron tribromide (11.55 mL; 11.55 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 202 in DCM (10 mL) at 0° C. The solution was allowed to rise slowly to room temperature and stirred for 3 days. The reaction was quenched with MeOH at 0° C. Then, a solution of saturated NH₃ was added to neutralize the reaction mixture. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (C18, 10 μm, 250 g, 5 cm; mobile phase 0.25% (NH₄)₂CO₃ solution in water, CH₃CN). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to afford 0.160 g (22%) of compound 612.

b) Preparation of Compound 613

Potassium carbonate (0.057 g; 0.41 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 612 (0.080 g; 0.21 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (15 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Then methyl iodine (0.013 mL; 0.21 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred at room temperature for 4 days. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to approximately 1/3 of its initial volume. The residue was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.05 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (RP Vydac Denali C18, 10 μm, 250 g, 5 cm; mobile phase 0.25% (NH₄)₂CO₃ solution in water, CH₃CN). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.025 g) was separated by chiral super critical fluid chromatography (CHIRALPAK Diacel OJ-H 20×25 0 mm; mobile phase, CO₂, MeOH with 0.2% 2-propylamine). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated to give 0.007 g (9%) of compound 613.

Conversion 48 Preparation of Compound 625

Iodomethane (0.096 mL; 1.54 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 624 (0.73 g; 1.54 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (0.213 g; 1.54 mmol) in CH₃CN (20 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.666 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Spherical SiOH, 10 μm, 60 g; mobile phase gradient from 0.5% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH to 1% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.3 g (38%) of compound 625. MP: 156° C. (DSC).

Conversion 49 a) Preparation of Compound 626

Compound 38 (2 g; 5.0 mmol) was dissolved in THF (80 mL), then the solution was cooled at −78° C. and n-butyllithium 1.6M in hexane (3.1 mL; 5.0 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was allowed to slowly rise to −30° C. and stirred for 45 minutes. 1-Boc-azetidinone (0.715 g; 4.17 mmol) in THF (8 mL) was added to the reaction mixture at −78° C. and stirred for 1 hour, then the reaction mixture was allowed to rise to room temperature for 1 hour. The solution was poured out into ice water and NH₄Cl, EtOAc were added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (2.86 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 450 g; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.343 g (15%) of compound 626.

b) Preparation of Compound 627

Trifluoroacetic acid (1.4 mL; 17.9 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 626 (0.17 g; 0.3 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 70° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and evaporated. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, DCM was added and basified with NH₄OH. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.35 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.048 g (34%) of compound 627.

Conversion 50 Preparation of Compounds 628 and 629

NaH (0.22 g; 5.56 mmol) was added portionwise to compound 14 (0.5 g; 1.1 mmol) in THF (30 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour. Then, acetyl chloride (0.8 mL; 11.1 mmol) was added dropwise at 5° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 18 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.51 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 5 μm, 250*30 mm; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 0.5% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 220 mg of product. The enantiomers were separated by chiral super critical fluid chromatography (CHIRALPAK AD-H 5 μm 250×20 mm; mobile phase, 60% CO₂, 40% isopropanol). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The first eluted enantiomer (0.105 g) was crystallized in diethyl ether, yielding 0.050 g (9%) of compound 628 (S*, MP=122° C.). The second enantiomer (0.096 g) was crystallized in diethyl ether, yielding 0.051 g (9%) of compound 629 (R*, MP=124° C.).

Conversion 51 Preparation of Compound 631

as a HCl Salt

Trifluoroacetic acid (0.52 mL; 6.9 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 630 (0.4 g; 0.7 mmol) in DCM (7 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water, DCM was added and basified with K₂CO₃. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 30 g; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. HCl in isopropyl alcohol 5N was added dropwise to the residue (0.41 g). Acetone and diethyl ether were added. The precipitate was filtered off and dried in vacuum to give 0.383 g (98%) of compound 631. MP: 189° C. (Kofler)

Conversion 52 Preparation of Compound 633

1,1′ carbonyldiimidazole (1.1 g, 6.6 mmol) was added portion wise to a solution of compound 297 (2.4 g; 5.6 mmol) in DCM (60 mL). Then the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.65 g; 6.6 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 72 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with water and extracted with DCM. The organic layer was decanted, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue (2.6 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase 0.3% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give 0.185 g (11%). The residue (0.5 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.28 g (11%) of compound 633. MP: 130° C. (DSC)

Conversion 53 Preparation of Compound 635

Compound 634 (0.26 g; 0.53 mmol) was hydrogenated at room temperature in EtOAc (10 mL) with Pd/C (0.05 g) as a catalyst under atmospheric pressure. After 18 hours the catalyst was filtered off on a pad of Celite® and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo until dryness. The residue (0.256 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOHSiOH, 5 μm, 150*30 mm; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 0.8% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.085 g) was crystallized from CH₃CN/DIPE. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.075 g (29%) of compound 635. MP: 110° C. (DSC)

Conversion 54

Preparation of compounds 637 and 636

Compound 634 (0.38 g; 0.78 mmol) was hydrogenated at room temperature in EtOAc (40 mL) with Lindlar catalyst (0.075 g) as a catalyst under atmospheric pressure. After 9 hours the catalyst was filtered off on a pad of Celite®, washed with DCM/MeOH and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo until dryness. The residue (0.474 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOHSiOH, 5 μm, 150*30 mm; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 0.8% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated to give two fractions. The first fraction (0.135 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.099 g (26%) of compound 636 (Z). MP: >260° C. (Kofler). The second fraction was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.048 g (13%) of compound 637 (E). MP: 80° C. (Kofler).

Conversion 55 Preparation of Compound 640

Potassium tert-butoxide (0.054 g; 0.48 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 809 (0.24 g; 0.48 mmol) in THF (15 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred at 10° C. for 2 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.44 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 5 μm, 150*30 mm; mobile phase gradient from 70% Heptane, 2% MeOH, 28% EtOAc to 20% MeOH, 80% EtOAc). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.132 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.087 g (37%) of compound 640. MP: 241° C. (DSC).

Conversion 56 Preparation of Compound 642

A mixture of compound 137 (0.51 g; 1.1 mmol), 3-bromopropionitrile (0.11 mL; 1.4 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (0.8 g; 5.6 mmol) in CH₃CN (15 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 6 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.5 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 5 μm, 150*30 mm; mobile phase gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 0.9% NH₄OH, 91% DCM, 9% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.35 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.257 g (47%) of compound 642. MP: 127° C. (DSC).

Conversion 57

Preparation of Compound 643 as a HCl salt

3-hydroxytetrahydrofuran (0.19 mL; 2.3 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (0.61; 2.3 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 137 (0.5 g; 1.16 mmol) in THF (14 mL) under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, then diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (0.46 mL; 2.3 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 24 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH5 μm, 150*30 mm; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.19 g) was dissolved in MeOH, 2.3 mL of HCl i-PrOH was added, then the chlorhydrate was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried to afford 0.178 g (25%) of compound 643. MP: 160° C. (Kofler)

Conversion 58 Preparation of Compound 648

A mixture of compound 297 (1.65 g, 3.8 mmol), 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine (1.4 mL, 9.4 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (3.6 g, 9.4 mmol), triethylamine (1 mL, 7.5 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (3.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular Silica 20×40; mobile phase 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was triturated from diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 1.15 g (65%) of compound 648, MP=196° C. (DSC).

Conversion 59 Preparation of Compound 651

Trifluroacetic acid (1 mL; 14.3 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 650 (0.44 g; 0.7 mmol) in DCM (5.2 mL) at 0-5° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, then was quenched with K₂CO₃ 10%. The organic layer was washed with water, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.45 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular Silica 15×40; 30 g, mobile phase 1% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The product fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether/CH₃CN, filtered and dried under vacuum at 60° C., yielding 0.26 g (72%) of compound 651, MP=122° C. (Kofler).

Conversion 60 Preparation of Compound 652

A suspension of compound 38 (1 g; 3.5 mmol), 2-bromo-3-methoxypyridine (0.25 g; 0.35 mmol) and Et₃N (3.0 mL; 21.5 mmol) in DMSO (20 mL) was degassed under N₂ flow. Dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium (0.25 g; 0.36 mmol) and copper(I) iodide (0.034 g; 0.18 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 40 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured out into water and EtOAc was added. The mixture was filtered off on a pad of Celite®. The organic layer was decanted, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue (1.4 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-40 μm, 450 g; mobile phase, 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.6 g (65%) of compound 652. MP: 144° C. (DSC)

Conversion 61 Preparation of Compounds 656 and 657

-   -   as a HCl salt as a HCl salt

Compound 14a (3.4 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase, 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness. The residue (1 g) was separated by chiral super critical fluid chromatography (CHIRALPAK AD-H 5 μm 250×20 mm; mobile phase, 40% 2-propylamine, 60% CO₂). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The first eluted enantiomer (0.5 g) was dissolved in diethyl ether, 5 equivalents of HCl in i-PrOH were added and stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.29 g (8%) of compound 656(R*, MP=95° C. (Kofler)). The second enantiomer (0.55 g) was purified by achiral SFC on (Amino 6 μm 150*21.2 mm, mobile phase, 90% CO₂, 10% MeOH). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.47 g) was dissolved in diethyl ether, 5 equivalents of HCl in i-PrOH were added and stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.36 g (11%) of compound 657 (S*, MP=110° C. (Kofler)).

Conversion 62 Preparation of Compound 662

Compound 662 (0.25 g; 0.49 mmol) in HCl (1M in H₂O) (12.2 mL; 12.2 mmol) was stirred at 60° C. for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature, evaporated till dryness. Then the residue was taken up DCM and washed with K₂CO₃ 10%. The organic layer was separated and dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 5 μm, 150*30 mm, mobile phase, gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 1.1% NH₄OH, 89% DCM, 11% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.1 g (41%) of compound 663. MP: 200° C. (DSC).

Conversion 63 Preparation of Compound 670

1,1′carbonyldiimidazole (0.5 g, 3 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 125 (1.2 g, 2.8 mmol) in THF (20.5 mL) at 0° C. under N₂ flow. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated. The residue (1.3 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Irregular SiOH, 20-45 μm, 300 g; mobile phase 0.2% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% iPrOH). The pure fractions were collected, the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.98 g) was crystallized from CH₃CN and diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried to give 0.8 g (64%) of compound 670. MP: 157° C. (DSC).

Conversion 64 Preparation of Compound 671 and 672

A mixture of compound 76 (1.5 g; 3.6 mmol) and 3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole (3.7 mL; 28.9 mmol) in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (4 mL) in a sealed tube was heated at 140° C. using one single mode microwave (Biotage Initiator EXP 60) for 40 minutes. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The crude product (2.1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (15-40 μm 300 g; mobile phase, 0.5% NH₄OH, 93% DCM, 7% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue (1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (Cyano 6 μm 150*21 mm; mobile phase, 90% CO₂, 10% EtOH). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The first isomer (0.3 g) was crystallized in CH₃CN/diethyl ether, yielding 0.26 g (15%) of compound 671 MP=144° C. (DSC). The second isomer (0.34 g) was crystallized in CH₃CN/diethyl ether, yielding 0.26 g (15%) of compound 672 MP=194° C. (DSC).

Conversion 65

Preparation of Compound 673

A mixture of compound 584 (0.64 g; 1.2 mmol) and methylamine in 2M THF (3 mL; 6 mmol) in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (5 mL) was heated at 140° C. for 24 hours in a sealed tube. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The crude product (1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (5 μm; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 0.6% NH₄OH, 94% DCM, 6% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized from acetone and diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.34 g (58%) of compound 673. MP: 180° C. (Kofler)

Conversion 66

a) Preparation of Compound 674

Chloroacetyl chloride (0.23 mL; 2.9 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of compound 409 (1.3 g, 2.7 mmol) and triethylamine (1.14 ml, 8.2 mmol) in acetonitrile (40 ml) at 0° C. under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature, then at 110° C. overnight. Water was added and the reaction mixture was extracted with DCM, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and dried to provide 1.5 g of compound 674 used without further purification in the next step.

b) Preparation of Compound 675

Potassium tert butoxide was added portionwise to a solution of compound 674 (2.6 g; 4.7 mmol) in isopropanol (58 mL) and THF (58 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, then was poured out into ice water and DCM was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The crude product (2.1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (20-45 μm 450 g; mobile phase gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 96.5% DCM, 3.5% MeOH to 1% NH₄OH, 89% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.61 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether and CH₃CN. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.49 g (21%) of compound 675. MP: 187° C. (Kofler)

c) Preparation of Compound 676

Lithium aluminium hydride (0.028 g; 0.73 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 674 (0.25 g; 0.48 mmol) in THF (20 mL) under N₂ flow between 0-5° C. The reaction mixture was stirred between 0-5° C. for 1 hour. EtOAc was added dropwise to the reaction mixture, then water was added dropwise. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. The crude product (1 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (5 μm; mobile phase, gradient from 100% DCM to 0.6% NH₄OH, 94% DCM, 6% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue (0.155 g) was purified by achiral Super critical fluid chromatography (2-ethylpyridine 6 μm; mobile phase 0.3% isopropylamine, 20% MeOH, 80% CO₂). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness.

The residue (0.053 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (15-40 μm 10 g; mobile phase gradient from 100% DCM to 0.6% NH₄OH, 94% DCM, 6% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness to afford 0.043 g (18%) of compound 677 MP: 88° C. (Kofler)

Conversion 67 a) Preparation of Compound 678

The experiment has been performed 3 times on the following amount.

A mixture of compound 137 (HCl salt) (1 g; 2.3 mmol), 2-bromoethyl-methylsulfone (0.5 mL; 2.8 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (0.6 g; 4.6 mmol) in CH₃CN (33 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 2 hours. The reaction was poured out into ice water and EtOAc was added. The organic layers were separated and washed with brine, combined, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (5.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 15-40 μm, 450; mobile phase gradient from 0.5% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH to 0.5% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (3.2 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 2.2 g (78%) of compound 678. MP: 148° C. (DSC).

Conversion 68 a) Preparation of Compound 680

Compound 681 (0.97 g; 1.4 mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid (28.5 mL) was heated at 100° C. for 24 hours in a sealed tube. The reaction mixture was evaporated till dryness. The crude product was diluted in DCM and basified with NaHCO₃. The organic layer was separated and dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase gradient from 0.5% NH₄OH, 92% DCM, 8% MeOH to 0.5% NH₄OH, 90% DCM, 10% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.4 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 10 μm, 60 g; mobile phase 0.5% NH₄OH, 93% DCM, 7% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue was crystallized from DIPE/CH₃CN. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.29 g (45%) of compound 680. MP: 167° C. (DSC).

Conversion 69 a) Preparation of Compound 682

Palladium 10% on carbon (0.65 g; 6 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 10 (1.5 g; 2.7 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature under 3 bars. After 24 hours the catalyst was filtered off on a pad of Celite® and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue (1.2 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH 20-40 μm, 450 g; mobile phase gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 96% DCM, 4% MeOH to 0.2% NH₄OH, 95% DCM, 5% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.25 g) was purified by achiral super critical fluid chromatography (2-ethylpyridine 6 μm; mobile phase 0.3% isopropylamine, 20% MeOH, 80% CO₂). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether and CH₃CN. The precipitate was filtered off and dried to afford 0.15 g (12%) of compound 682. MP: 149° C. (Kofler).

Conversion 70 a) Preparation of Compound 683

A mixture of compound 84 (1 g; 2.5 mmol) and 1.2-epoxy-3.3.3-trifluoropropane (0.4 mL; 4.9 mmol) in MeOH (15 mL) was heated at 60° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature and evaporated till dryness. The residue (1.6 g) was purified by chromatography over silica gel (SiOH, 15-40 μm, 300 g; mobile phase gradient from, 0.1% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 0.1% NH₄OH, 97% DCM, 3% MeOH). The pure fractions were collected and concentrated. The residue (0.56 g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered and dried to afford 0.2 g (16%) of compound 683. MP: 123° C. (DSC).

Conversion 71 Preparation of Compound 685

as a HCl Salt

At 5° C., A 5N solution of HCl in i-PrOH 5/6N (2.4 mL; 12 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 686 (0.9 g; 1.7 mmol) in CH₃OH (3 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 2 hours, then for 15 hours at room temperature. The precipitate was filtered off and dried under vacuum to afford 0.425 g (52%) of compound 685. MP=203° C. (Kofler).

Conversion 72 Preparation of Compound 696

as a HCl Salt

Hydrogen chloride (4M in dioxane) (6.8 mL; 27.2 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 695 (1.9 g; 3.4 mmol) in CH₃CN (37 mL) and was stirred at 50° C. for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was poured out into ice water. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 0.3 g (15%) of compound 696. MP: 188° C. (Kofler)

Conversion 73 Preparation of Compound 902 H Br

A mixture of compound 669 (200 mg, 0.38 mmol) and bromotrimethylsilane (3.16 ml, 23.975 mmol) in anhydrous DCM (4 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The solvent was evaporated, the resulting residue was diluted with MeOH-Water (1:1, 10 ml) and stirred for 20 minutes. The precipitate was filtered, washed with AcOEt and dried to give 149 mg (82%) of compound 902.

Conversion 74 Preparation of Compound 906

Compound 93 (340 mg, 0.81 mmol) was added at 0° C. to trifluoroacetaldehyde methyl hemiketal (311 μL, 3.25 mmol) and the mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 4 h30. The mixture was evaporated and the residue purified by chromatography over silica gel (5 μm. mobile phase: gradient from 0.2% NH₄OH, 98% DCM, 2% MeOH to 1.3% NH₄OH, 87% DCM, 13% MeOH). The desired product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated yielding 41 mg. The residue was taken up in Et₂O filtered and dried to give 29 mg of compound 906.

Conversion 75 Preparation of Compound 918

A mixture of compound 584 (397 mg; 0.75 mmol), dimethylamine (3 mL of a 2.0 M solution in tetrahydrofuran; 6 mmol) in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (11 mL) was stirred at 140° C. for 24 hours in a sealed tube. The mixture was poured into ice-water and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and the filtrate was evaporated until dryness to afford 607 mg of residue, which was purified by chromatography over silica gel (15-40 μm, 90 g, mobile phase DCM/CH₃OH/NH₄OH: 98/2/0.1) The desired fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness to give 461 mg of residue which was repurified by chromatography over silica gel (5 μm, mobile phase: gradient from 100% DCM to 0.6% NH₄OH, 94% DCM, 6% MeOH) The desired fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness to give 390 mg. This residue was purified by achiral Supercritical Fluid Chromatography on (Diethylaminopropyl 5 μm, mobile phase 0.3% isopropylamine, 92% CO₂, 8% MeOH). The desired fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness to give 233 mg of residue which were crystallized from Et₂O. The precipitate was filtered and dried to give 211 mg (57%) of compound 918.

Conversion 76 Preparation of Compound 757

At 5° C., under N₂ atmosphere, NaH (447.83 mg, 11.2 mmol) was added to a mixture of compound 4 (2 g, 4.48 mmol) in DMF (40 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 10° C. for 30 minutes, then iodomethane (0.335 ml, 5.375 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. Poured into H₂O+NaCl and extracted with AcOEt. The organic layer was washed with H₂O, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and evaporated to dryness to give 2 g of residue. The residue was purified by flash chromatography over silica gel (15-40 μm, 40 g, CH₂Cl₂/CH₃OH/NH₄OH: 96/4/0.1). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated to dryness to give 2 fractions: 1.05 g of compound 757 and 0.3 g of compound 757.

The following compounds were prepared according to reaction protocols of one of the above Examples using alternative starting materials as appropriate. Those indicated with NMR* have NMR data hereinafter.

In the table =CoX (or =BX) indicates that the preparation of this compound is described in Conversion X (or Method BX).

In the table ˜CoX (or ˜BX) indicates that this compound is prepared according to Conversion X (or Method BX).

As understood by a person skilled in the art, compounds synthesised using the protocols as indicated may exist as a solvate e.g. hydrate, and/or contain residual solvent or minor impurities. Compounds isolated as a salt form, may be integer stoichiometric i.e. mono- or di-salts, or of intermediate stoichiometry.

Analytical Part LC/GC/NMR General Procedure A

The HPLC measurement was performed using an Alliance HT 2790 (Waters) system comprising a quaternary pump with degasser, an autosampler, a column oven (set at 40° C., unless otherwise indicated), a diode-array detector (DAD) and a column as specified in the respective methods below. Flow from the column was split to a MS spectrometer. The MS detector was configured with an electrospray ionization source. Mass spectra were acquired by scanning from 100 to 1000 in 1 second using a dwell time of 0.1 second. The capillary needle voltage was 3 kV and the source temperature was maintained at 140° C. Nitrogen was used as the nebulizer gas. Data acquisition was performed with a Waters-Micromass MassLynx-Openlynx data system.

Method 1

In addition to the general procedure A: Reversed phase HPLC was carried out on an Xterra MS C18 column (3.5 μm, 4.6×100 mm) with a flow rate of 1.6 ml/min. Three mobile phases (mobile phase A: 95% 25 mM ammoniumacetate+5% acetonitrile; mobile phase B: acetonitrile; mobile phase C: methanol) were employed to run a gradient condition from 100% A to 1% A, 49% B and 50% C in 6.5 minutes, to 1% A and 99% B in 1 minute and hold these conditions for 1 minute and reequilibrate with 100% A for 1.5 minutes. An injection volume of 10 μl was used. Cone voltage was 10 V for positive ionization mode and 20 V for negative ionization mode.

Method 2

In addition to the general procedure A: Column heater was set at 45° C. Reversed phase HPLC was carried out on an Atlantis C18 column (3.5 μm, 4.6×100 mm) with a flow rate of 1.6 ml/min. Two mobile phases (mobile phase A: 70% methanol+30% H₂O; mobile phase B: 0.1% formic acid in H₂O/methanol 95/5) were employed to run a gradient condition from 100% B to 5% B+95% A in 9 minutes and hold these conditions for 3 minutes. An injection volume of 10 μl was used.

Cone voltage was 10 V for positive ionization mode and 20 V for negative ionization mode.

Method 3

In addition to the general procedure A: Reversed phase HPLC was carried out on an Xterra MS C18 column (3.5 μm, 4.6×100 mm) with a flow rate of 1.6 ml/min. Three mobile phases (mobile phase A: 95% 25 mM ammoniumacetate+5% acetonitrile; mobile phase B: acetonitrile; mobile phase C: methanol) were employed to run a gradient condition from 100% A to 50% B and 50% C in 6.5 minutes, to 100% B in 1 minute, 100% B for 1 minute and reequilibrate with 100% A for 1.5 minutes. An injection volume of 10 μl was used.

Cone voltage was 10 V for positive ionization mode and 20 V for negative ionization mode.

Method 9

In addition to the general procedure A: Reversed phase HPLC was carried out on a Waters Xterra-RP C18 column (3.5 μm, 4.6×100 mm) with a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. Two mobile phases (mobile phase A: 100% 7 mM ammonium acetate; mobile phase B: 100% acetonitrile) were employed to run a gradient condition from 80% A and 20% B (hold for 0.5 minute) to 90% B in 4.5 minutes, 90% B for 4 minutes and reequilibrated with initial conditions for 3 minutes. An injection volume of 5 ml was used. Cone voltage was 20 V for positive and negative ionization mode. Mass spectra were acquired by scanning from 100 to 1000 in 0.4 seconds using an interscan delay of 0.3 seconds.

Method 10

In addition to the general procedure A: Reversed phase HPLC was carried out on a Xterra-MS C18 column (3.5 μm, 4.6×100 mm) with a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. Two mobile phases (mobile phase A: 100% 7 mM ammonium acetate; mobile phase B: 100% acetonitrile; were employed to run a gradient condition from 80% A, 20% B (hold for 0.5 minute) to 10% A, 90% B in 4.5 minutes, hold at 10% A and 90% B for 4 minutes and reequilibrated with initial conditions for 3 minutes. An injection volume of 10 ml was used. Cone voltage was 20 V for positive and negative ionization mode. Mass spectra were acquired by scanning from 100 to 1000 in 0.4 seconds using an interscan delay of 0.3 seconds

General Procedure B

The LC measurement was performed using an Acquity UPLC (Waters) system comprising a binary pump, a sample organizer, a column heater (set at 55° C.), a diode-array detector (DAD) and a column as specified in the respective methods below. Flow from the column was split to a MS spectrometer. The MS detector was configured with an electrospray ionization source. Mass spectra were acquired by scanning from 100 to 1000 in 0.18 seconds using a dwell time of 0.02 seconds. The capillary needle voltage was 3.5 kV and the source temperature was maintained at 140° C. Nitrogen was used as the nebulizer gas. Data acquisition was performed with a Waters-Micromass MassLynx-Openlynx data system.

Method 4

In addition to the general procedure B: Reversed phase UPLC (Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography) was carried out on a bridged ethylsiloxane/silica hybrid (BEH) C18 column (1.7 μm, 2.1×50 mm; Waters Acquity) with a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. Two mobile phases (mobile phase A: 0.1% formic acid in H₂O/methanol 95/5; mobile phase B: methanol) were used to run a gradient condition from 95% A and 5% B to 5% A and 95% B in 1.3 minutes and hold for 0.2 minutes. An injection volume of 0.5 μl was used. Cone voltage was 10 V for positive ionization mode and 20 V for negative ionization mode.

Method 5

In addition to the general procedure B: Reversed phase UPLC (Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography) was carried out on a bridged ethylsiloxane/silica hybrid (BEH) C18 column (1.7 μm, 2.1×50 mm; Waters Acquity) with a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. Two mobile phases (25 mM ammonium acetate in H₂O/acetonitrile 95/5; mobile phase B: acetonitrile) were used to run a gradient condition from 95% A and 5% B to 5% A and 95% B in 1.3 minutes and hold for 0.3 minutes. An injection volume of 0.5 μl was used. Cone voltage was 30 V for positive ionization mode and 30 V for negative ionization mode.

General Procedure C

The LC measurement was performed using a UPLC (Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography) Acquity (Waters) system comprising a binary pump with degasser, an autosampler, a diode-array detector (DAD) and a column as specified in the respective methods below, the column is hold at a temperature of 40° C. Flow from the column was brought to a MS detector. The MS detector was configured with an electrospray ionization source. The capillary needle voltage was 3 kV and the source temperature was maintained at 130° C. on the Quattro (triple quadrupole mass spectrometer from Waters). Nitrogen was used as the nebulizer gas. Data acquisition was performed with a Waters-Micromass MassLynx-Openlynx data system.

Method 6

In addition to the general procedure C: Reversed phase UPLC was carried out on a Waters Acquity BEH (bridged ethylsiloxane/silica hybrid) C18 column (1.7 μm, 2.1×100 mm) with a flow rate of 0.35 ml/min. Two mobile phases (mobile phase A: 95% 7 mM ammonium acetate/5% acetonitrile; mobile phase B: 100% acetonitrile) were employed to run a gradient condition from 90% A and 10% B (hold for 0.5 minutes) to 8% A and 92% B in 3.5 minutes, hold for 2 min and back to the initial conditions in 0.5 min, hold for 1.5 minutes. An injection volume of 2 μl was used. Cone voltage was 20 V for positive and negative ionization mode. Mass spectra were acquired by scanning from 100 to 1000 in 0.2 seconds using an interscan delay of 0.1 seconds.

Method 7

In addition to the general procedure C: Reversed phase UPLC was carried out on a Waters Acquity BEH (bridged ethylsiloxane/silica hybrid) C18 column (1.7 μm, 2.1×100 mm) with a flow rate of 0.343 ml/min. Two mobile phases (mobile phase A: 95% 7 mM ammonium acetate/5% acetonitrile; mobile phase B: 100% acetonitrile) were employed to run a gradient condition from 84.2% A and 15.8% B (hold for 0.49 minutes) to 10.5% A and 89.5% B in 2.18 minutes, hold for 1.94 min and back to the initial conditions in 0.73 min, hold for 0.73 minutes. An injection volume of 2 ml was used. Cone voltage was 20V for positive and negative ionization mode. Mass spectra were acquired by scanning from 100 to 1000 in 0.2 seconds using an interscan delay of 0.1 seconds.

General Procedure D

The HPLC measurement was performed using an Alliance HT 2795 (Waters) system comprising a quaternary pump with degasser, an autosampler, a diode-array detector (DAD) and a column as specified in the respective methods below, the column is hold at a temperature of 30° C. Flow from the column was split to a MS spectrometer. The MS detector was configured with an electrospray ionization source. The capillary needle voltage was 3 kV and the source temperature was maintained at 100° C. on the LCT (Time of Flight Zspray mass spectrometer from Waters). Nitrogen was used as the nebulizer gas. Data acquisition was performed with a Waters-Micromass MassLynx-Openlynx data system.

Method 8

In addition to the general procedure D: Reversed phase HPLC was carried out on a Supelco Ascentis Express C18 column (2.7 μm, 3.0×50 mm) with a flow rate of 0.7 ml/min. Two mobile phases (mobile phase A: 100% 7 mM ammonium acetate; mobile phase B: 100% acetonitrile) were employed to run a gradient condition from 80% A and 20% B (hold for 0.5 minute) to 5% A and 95% B in 2.5 minutes, hold for 4.5 minutes and back to the initial conditions in 1.5 minutes and hold for 1 min. An injection volume of 5 □l was used. Cone voltage was 20 V for positive and negative ionization mode. Mass spectra were acquired by scanning from 100 to 1000 in 0.4 seconds using an interscan delay of 0.3 seconds.

TABLE A1 physico-chemical data If physio-chemical data were generated multiple times for a compound then all data is listed LC/ LC/ Melting Kofler HPLC GC/ Melting Kofler HPLC GC/ Comp Point (K) or Rt MS MS Comp Point (K) or Rt MS MS No. (°C.) DSC (min) M+ (H⁺) method No. (°C.) DSC (min) M+ (H⁺) method 202 1.39 416 4 538 4.04 390 6 1.25 416 5 144 225.35 DSC 2.96 488 6  17 159 K 3.83 402 6 222 K 203 110 K 4.66 458 6 539 0.64 473 5 206   101.91 DSC 4.15 460 6 603 1.01 5 207 126 K 3.41 459 6 540 130.63 DSC 3.19 505 6 126 K 541 162.74 DSC 2.99 530 6 126 K 542 147.16 DSC 3.85 487 6  56   147.56 DSC 3.73 446 6 155 K   141.67 DSC 3.73 446 6 543 149.47 DSC 3.04 517 6 144 K 544 3.43 542 6 208 158 K 4.57 444 6  41 168 K 2.86 437 6 209   166.2 DSC 4.14 422 6 169.24 DSC 210   176.79 DSC 3.89 434 6  33 83 K 3.02 501 6 176 K  43 107 K 3.08 501 6 211   187.05 DSC 3.79 446 6 546 135 K 3.13 501 6  1   152.97 DSC 3.12 406 6 547 217 K 3.22 473 6   152.4 DSC 3.12 406 6 548 135 K 3.13 501 6 154 K 551 1.02 515 5 212   145.81 DSC 3.8 487 6 552 0.87 500 4 213   170.82 DSC 3.7 473 6 553 3.22 489 6 214   207.88 DSC 4.29 480 6 554 3.48 491 6 209 K 556 2.72 396 6 215 190 K 3.8 416 6 557 189 K 3.42 470 6 216   162.91 DSC 3.54 556 6 558 94 K 3 449 6  22   108.61 DSC 4.52 414 6 103 140 K 3.94 512 6  0.63 500 5 559 98.59 DSC 2.79 477 6  60  90 K 3.55 485 6 145 94.44 DSC 2.8 477 6 122   202.94 DSC 3.42 415 6 129 1.1 495 4 1.13 495 5  58 165 K 4.53 509 6 111 1.27 593 5   163.09 DSC 1.33 593 4  3 168 K 3.22 420 6 1.27 593 5 145 K 3.23 420 6 1.27 593 5 218   204.29 DSC 3.59 448 6 1.28 593 5 219   215.88 DSC 3.77 535 6 560 0.74 547 5 220    94.96 DSC 3.67 390 6 561 219 K 3.19 475 6 221   123.95 DSC 4.02 416 6 562 3.8 487 6 222 142 K 4.23 404 6 563 193 K 3.2 498 6 223 3.69 501 6 200.75 DSC 224   128.96 DSC 3.6 427 6 564 2.99 567 6  62   220.78 DSC 3.64 513 6 565 152 K 3.34 408 6  23 134 K 3.33 487 6 566 183 K 3.09 484 6 226   164.73 DSC 4.04 501 6 567 3.1 484 6  8 181 K 2.7 419 6 568 164.5 DSC 3.4 453 6 185 K 2.75 419 6 167 K   179.61 DSC 569 139 K 3.38 453 6  84 from: DSC from 405 6 139.45 DSC 133.17 2.65 146 163 K 3.36 454 6 to to 158.48 DSC 139.07 2.67 110 0.78 503 5 227   165.51 DSC 3.87 508 6 570 0.88 489 5  65 3.7 448 6 575 0.71 475 5 228 132 K 4.31 400 6 1.36 579 5 229   123.16 DSC 4.01 529 6 577 3.57 487 6  73 3.5 499 6 578 3.5 485 6 231   106.81 DSC 3.72 565 6 581 3.17 501 6  59 200 K 4.08 563 6 582 127 K 4.03 489 6  52   159.08 DSC 3.99 474 6 583 136.49 DSC 3 599 6 232    3.84 381 6 576 584 140 K 4.07 531 6  64 2.31 420 6 585 2.87 488 6 233   183.6 DSC 2.87 436 6 586 3.82 471 6 234 130 K 3.44 445 6 105 135 K 3.94 512 6 130 218 K 3.54 586 6 147 4.25 529 6 DSC 2.76 586 7 592 194 K 2.89 421 6 235   154.8 DSC 3.37 515 6 593 168 K 4.01 502 6 154 K 148 149.13 DSC 3.67 474 6  69   260.14 DSC 2.8 419 6 149 146.61 DSC 3.67 474 6 >260  K 2.84 419 6 100 73 K 3.63 549 6   263.87 DSC 3.63 549 6 236 1.28 438 5 101 186 K 3.16 456 6 1.28 438 5 14 + 110 K 3.62 478 6 14a 237  80 K 4.44 420 6 594 214.83 DSC 238   133.66 DSC 2.68 449 6 595 105 K 3.13 470 8  66 3.95 411 6  15 114.76 DSC 3.62 487 6  2   169.26 DSC 2.94 392 6 604 157 DSC 3.16 489   169.13 DSC 2.94 392 6 608 159 DSC 2.66 419 8 113 177 K 3.27 420 6 609 155 DSC 2.65 419 8  68 165 K 2.86 415 6 610 150 DSC 2.66 419 8 239 160 K 3.48 514 6 611 148 DSC 2.68 419 8 240 132 K 3.55 529 6 697 171 DSC 2.97 461 6   132.96 DSC 698 111 DSC 3.03 461 6 241   167.79 DSC 2.97 473 6 699 150 DSC 2.99 461 6   149.64 DSC 2.96 473 6 700 133 DSC 2.85 477 7  55 3.9 543 6 613 1.26 402 4 242   196.25 DSC 3.53 429 6 701 68 DSC 3.18 503 6 243   146.13 DSC 3.52 558 6 702 129 DSC 3.89 501 6 244 155 K 4 499 6 703 80 K 3.92 501 6 245  70 K 3.37 487 6 645 188 DSC 2.44 433 6 246   149.27 DSC 3.78 531 6 704 151 DSC 3.74 487 6  24  80 K 3.44 446 6 615 134 DSC 2.62 519 6 249 2.63 477 6 646 125 K 2.51 392 6 250   104.64 DSC 4.13 545 6 648 196 DSC 3.42 515 6 251   127.97 DSC 3.7 556 6 705 135 DSC 3.3 487 6  21   204.45 DSC 2.86 463 6 706 182 K 2.58 392 6   205.05 DSC 2.86 463 6 707 186 K 2.23 391 6  72 120 K 3.67 513 6 647 133 K 2.3 419 6 253   167.45 DSC 3.5 503 6 708 152 K 3.1 473 6 254   173.43 DSC 3.77 517 6 709 175 K 3.25 544 6  74 253 K 2.97 433 6 710 206 DSC 3.24 461 6  70a   163.31 DSC 2.86 459 6 711 166 DSC 3.15 426 6 256 171 K 3.69 457 6 712 124 DSC 3.02 376 6   173.42 DSC 616 170 K 2.42 246 6  26   202.6 DSC 3.04 406 6 713 127 K 3.83 507 6 257   140.28 DSC 4.37 492 6 619 210 K 3.07 505 6  75   186.76 DSC 2.87 436 6 714 128 K 3.62 477 6   186.1 DSC 2.87 436 6 690 138 K 3.63 477 6 2.87 436 6 716 247 DSC 2.81 417 6  7 3.31 463 6 717 125 DSC 3.59 483 6 259   163.47 DSC 3.14 445 6 718 103 DSC 3.66 501 6 156 K 719 119 DSC 4.59 509 6 260   188.74 DSC 3.03 498 6 720 175 DSC  27   176.76 DSC 3.94 385 6 721 0.67 528 4  78   162.1 DSC 3.38 434 6 722 138 K 3.57 455 6   161.7 DSC 3.38 434 6 724 176 DSC 3.07 433 6   165.99 DSC 3.17 434 8 620 114 K 3.89 587 6 261   180.29 DSC 2.79 445 6 725 227 DSC 3.11 474 6 183 K 727 109 DSC 3.01 461 6 262   130.64 DSC 3.21 483 6 728 109 DSC 3.77 497 6  25   245.28 DSC 2.96 445 6 621 >260 K 2.7 486 6   259.39 DSC 2.96 445 6 729 183 DSC 2.99 515 6 263   168.45 DSC 3.74 473 6 730 139 K 3.4 501 6 264 3.14 459 6 731 237 DSC 339 478 6 265 190 K 2.51 476 6 732 160 K 3.46 458 6   186.88 DSC 733 70 K   186.88 DSC 734 178 K 3.97 507 6 266   157.15 DSC 2.52 476 6 624 147 K 2.65 475 6  76   158.57 DSC 3.5 418 6 735 143 DSC 3.56 408 6 267   160.27 DSC 4.02 552 6 736 68 K 2.39 450 7 268   158.2 DSC 3.45 512 6 625 104 K 3.06 575 7   177.91 DSC 3.46 512 6 737 156 DSC 2.28 489 7 269   155.79 DSC 4.46 444 6 652 142 DSC 2.84 507 7 271   181.91 DSC 3.82 523 6 650 66 K 2.98 616 7 272   178.46 DSC 2.77 433 6 738 197 DSC 2.99 502 7   176.95 DSC 2.78 433 6 739 179 DSC 2.99 502 7 180 K 740 167 DSC 2.97 483 7 273 2.73 540 6 651 122 K 2.05 516 7 274   176.3 DSC 4.45 456 6 617 149 DSC 2.44 416 7  4 from DSC From 447 6 741 85 K 3.34 506 7 134 or 2.95 742 115 K 3.2 507 7 to K to 618 139 DSC 2.3 457 7 142 2.99 743 135 DSC 2.83 481 7 276   188.62 DSC 3.12 512 6 744 200 K 2.23 530 7  28   142.35 DSC 2.98 450 6 745 110 K 3.36 476 7  37   154.05 DSC 3.55 476 6 746 62 K 2.44 464 7 278 2.66 511 6 747 68 K 2.67 507 7 279   193.59 DSC 2.58 405 6 689 203 DSC 2.77 492 7 199 K 749 86 K 2.64 448 7 281 2.55 503 6 622 190 K 2.57 434 7 283   128.64 DSC 2.87 487 6 688 175 DSC 6.04 508 7 79a + 2.81 489 6 750 148 DSC 2.61 493 7 79 655 8.11 506 10 602   158.84 DSC 4.07 509 6 751 2.99 585 7  80 144 K 3.33 433 6 752 169 K 3.01 502 7  81 199 K 3.32 433 6 753 155 DSC 3.01 491 7 285   183.33 DSC 2.8 459 6 754 167 K 2.19 499 7 2.83 459 6 755 152 K 2.72 434 7 286   114.64 DSC 3.24 473 6 756 118 K 2.23 461 7 114 K 757 126 K 2.64 461 7 287 156 K 3.49 445 6 758 2.22 485 7   156.77 DSC 653 146 DSC 311 511 7  29  80 K 3.03 459 6 759 180 K 2.85 502 7 288 142 K 2.37 449 6 760 221 K 2.51 507 7 291 2.85 489 6 623 133 K 2.43 475 7 293 3.96 390 6 761 119 K 3.2 515 7 294 184 K 2.52 391 6 762 137 K 3.18 507 7 2.54 391 6 763 176 K 2.27 463 7  16  80 K 3.21 432 6 764 126 K 2.56 475 7  20   203.41 DSC 3.53 529 6 765 199 DSC 2.65 492 7 295   155.31 DSC 2.91 565 6 766 125 DSC 2.93 507 7 296   126.47 DSC 3.03 503 6 767 220 K 2.9 527 7  54 138 K 3.93 342 6 768 158 DSC 2.79 515 7 297 140 K 2.45 434 6 770 130 K 2.27 477 7 298 2.41 489 6 644 96 K 2.06 603 7 299 201 DSC 3.41 475 6 656 95 K 2.83 478 7  49   168.25 DSC 2.85 490 7 657 110 K 2.83 478 7  93   175.51 DSC 2.72 419 6 658 152 DSC 3.19 552 7   176.71 DSC 2.62 419 6 771 93 K 2.56 492 7 302   222.79 DSC 2.77 503 6 772 154 DSC 2.84 493 7 303   194.82 DSC 2.8 474 6 773 2.3 504 7 304   131.93 DSC 2.54 449 6 774 80 K 3 513 7 130 K 627 2.2 471 7 305   117.44 DSC 4.26 500 6 775 133 K 2.51 432 7  61   103.14 DSC 3.57 459 6 776 6.62 428 9 306 185 K 3.07 477 6 777 119 DSC 3.11 535 7   182.27 DSC 778 148 K 3.13 516 7 307 132 K 3.33 473 6 779 148 K 3.13 516 7   168.8 DSC 628 122 K 2.84 492 7 308 192 K 2.5 435 6 629 124 K 2.84 492 7 311   262.42 DSC 3.07 429 6 780 188 K 3.12 502 7 312   184.29 DSC 2.42 477 6 781 186 K 3.12 502 7 313   176.49 DSC 2.95 477 6 782 170 K 4.31 617 7   176.31 DSC 2.96 477 6 634 80 K 621 491 7 314   201.43 DSC 2.78 463 6 783 220 K 6.05 468 7 201 K 784 163 DSC 2.61 493 7  30  80 K 2.72 450 6 785 190 K 2.83 575 7  38 168 K 3.63 400 6 786 125 DSC 2.79 492 7 315 139 K 2.98 424 6 787 181 DSC 2.95 503 7  48   189.27 DSC 3.27 497 6 788 146 K 2.57 507 7 316   158.73 DSC 3.51 526 6 789 204 K 2.49 520 7 320   193.76 DSC 790 67 K 3.47 583 7 321   265.41 DSC 2.8 474 6 791 130 K 2.94 576 7  57 3.29 538 6 792 153 DSC 2.82 478 7 323   166.37 DSC 4.19 478 6 793 161 DSC 3 508 7  85 DSC 4.16 448 6 631 194 DSC 2.39 483 7 324   144.1 DSC 3.6 473 6 794 2.6 500 7 3.6 473 6 795 182 K 2.95 507 7 325 2.76 516 6 796 189 DSC 3.04 508 7  86   195.95 DSC 2.52 458 6 797 3.18 443 8 326 3.07 438 6 798 2.62 486 7  83   141.79 DSC 2.89 530 6 659 106 DSC 3.05 484 7 327 3.86 434 6 662 122 K 3.07 512 7 329 2.87 488 6 799 114 DSC 3.05 510 7 330   139.15 DSC 2.96 502 6 661 154 DSC 2.47 518 7 332   141.98 DSC 2.92 475 6 660 151 DSC 2.47 518 7 333 150 K 2.56 503 6 633 130 DSC 2.69 477 7 334 125 K 2.75 513 6 800 134 DSC 3.05 512 7 335   122.79 DSC 3.34 497 6 801 127 DSC 3.21 514 7 336  60 K 3.9 442 6 802 80 K 2.19 493 7 3.9 442 6 803 80 K 2.19 493 7 338   198.91 DSC 2.6 405 6 636 80 K 3.35 493 7 339   187.62 DSC 2.3 530 6 637 >260 K 3.07 493 7  80 K 804 195 DSC 3.1 522 7  32 2.98 445 6 805 156 DSC 2.91 535 7 131   183.2 DSC 3.14 476 6 806 182 K 3.19 536 7 340   184.2 DSC 3.99 522 6 807 96 K 3.01 509 7 342   228.85 DSC 3.7 487 6 808 162 DSC 3.25 509 7 343  80 K 3.96 545 6 809 150 DSC 2.93 506 7 (199) (6) 810 131 DSC 2.76 482 7 344   161.91 DSC 3.06 477 6 635 111 DSC 3.11 495 7 (6) 811 127 DSC 3.08 511 7  31 244 K 2.93 459 6 812 170 DSC 2.65 454 7   250.38 DSC 2.93 459 6 813 166 K 2.4 442 7 254 K 814 160 DSC 2.98 495 7 345   115.62 DSC 3.65 501 6 815 123 DSC 3.24 483 7 346   131.39 DSC 4.99 608 6 816 176 DSC 3.12 555 7 347 135 K 3.1 487 6 817 155 DSC 3.01 491 7 348   169.44 DSC 3.8 503 6 640 241 DSC 2.71 506 7 350 0.83 562 5 819 80 K 2.96 480 7 351 110 K 2.89 516 6 687 162 DSC 2.23 483 7  89   126.66 DSC 3.33 446 6 820 161 DSC 3.11 545 7 352 2.75 530 6 632 157 DSC 2.59 430 7  87 125 K 3.63 491 6 821 127 K 296 537 7 353 168 K 3.46 456 6 822 135 K 2.78 436 7 354  70 K 4.05 458 6 823 218 DSC 2.53 526 7 355 184 K 4.44 486 6 824 212 DSC 2.82 510 7   184.23 DSC 825 237 DSC 2.55 492 7 356   154.94 DSC 3.71 460 6 826 202 DSC 2.74 543 7  53 4.19 356 6 827 187 DSC 2.82 544 7  91 3.44 529 6 828 209 DSC 2.56 468 7  18 132 K 3.8 386 6 829 154 DSC 3.24 536 7 357   129.47 DSC 3.53 503 6 830 241 DSC 2.65 527 7 358   114.12 DSC 4.37 486 6 663 200 DSC 2.38 498 7 110 K 664 80 K 2.77 469 7 359   114.97 DSC 4.34 486 6 831 178 DSC 2.84 536 7 126 K 832 111 DSC 3.67 482 7 360   133.89 DSC 4.15 452 6 833 153 DSC 2.79 493 7 130 K 834 198 DSC 2.63 475 7 361 188 K 2.87 473 6 835 144 DSC 3.24 552 7 362  80 K 3.77 501 6 837 2.63 472 7 363   172.65 DSC 2.69 511 6 641 155 K 2.27 476 7   175.38 DSC 2.68 511 6 642 127 DSC 2.36 486 7 364 2.94 488 6 838 171 DSC 2.28 462 7 2.91 488 6 839 126 DSC 3.49 567 7 365   164.92 DSC 2.83 433 6 840 158 DSC 2.44 517 7 366 3.21 501 6 841 3.08 463 7 367 3.17 487 6 842 154 DSC 3.24 553 7 300   193.25 DSC 3.4 480 6 665 206 K 3.3 516 7   191.77 DSC 3.4 480 6 643 160 K 2.4 503 7   191.77 DSC 3.4 480 6 836 2.57 496 7 368 2.63 497 6 606 142 K 3.25 420 6 369 3.4 480 6 666 163 K 2.68 516 7 370  94 K 3.51 459 6 844 125 K 2.68 530 7 372   176.98 DSC 3.3 556 6 845 167 DSC 3.18 512 7  92   148.61 DSC 3.67 515 6 846 170 K 2.49 477 6   138.58 DSC 3.6 515 6 847 0.79 435 5   148.29 DSC 3.6 515 6 667 181 DSC 3.07 471 7 373 165 K 2.34 435 6 848 223 K 3.13 496 7 374   206.48 DSC 3.65 525 6 849 80 K 3.11 453 7 375   188.66 DSC 3.61 501 6 850 142 DSC 3.67 513 7   229.66 DSC 3.61 501 6 851 137 DSC 4 543 7 376   214.67 DSC 3.5 586 6 669 122 DSC 3.55 526 7 377   112.31 DSC 3.89 495 6 852 233 K 3.43 496 7 378 3.25 531 6 853 254 K 3.12 496 7 3.26 531 6 670 157 K 3.03 461 6 379  80 K 2.8 488 6 855 1.01 501 4   146.1 DSC 2.83 488 6 0.86 501 5 380  70 K 2.54 449 6 696 188 K 3.07 456 6 381   132.63 DSC 3.98 512 6 856 97 K 2.96 482 6 382 118 K 2.91 461 6 857 180 K 3.43 487 6 113 K 2.94 461 6 671 144 DSC 2.97 501 6   109.12 DSC 2.95 461 6 858 154 K 3.58 470 6   112.07 DSC 673 181 DSC 3.76 482 6   104.44 DSC 180 K 132   132.47 DSC 3.31 487 6 676 88 K 3.71 503 6   130.95 DSC 3.31 487 6 859 80 K 3.22 485 6 138 K 860 151 DSC 3.21 485 6 383 120 DSC 2.92 503 6 678 148 DSC 2.27 539 7 2.91 503 6 2.87 539 6 384  80 K 2.99 489 6 680 167 DSC 2.58 460 6 385   119.77 DSC 4.93 488 6 861 156 K 3.22 447 6  39 4.33 501 6 691 99 DSC 2.17 477 7  40 4.66 501 6 2.73 477 6 133   126.47 DSC 3.55 484 6 862 178 K 3.44 573 6   125.21 DSC 3.55 484 6 682 149 K 2.86 461 6 386  80 K 2.98 544 6 863 170 K 3.77 462 6 387   162.58 DSC 2.45 466 6 864 154 K 3.77 462 6 389   156.45 DSC 3.75 448 6 865 146 DSC 3.81 498 6 160 K 866 144 DSC 3.81 498 6 390 3.7 498 6 679 2.99 491 6 391 190 K 2.63 475 6 693 151 DSC 2.79 502 6 393   193.78 DSC 3.22 410 6 867 178 K 2.98 424 6 395   118.99 DSC 2.83 475 6 868 178 K 2.98 424 6  94   115.24 DSC 3.1 443 6 694 197 DSC 3.49 501 6 3.11 443 6 869 138 K 3.46 489 6 396 156 K 3.14 487 6 692 157 K 3.19 498 6 397   132.82 DSC 3.24 450 6 675 187 K 3.44 517 6 398 2.96 473 6 870 173 K 3.34 456 6 399 3.12 409 6 685 203 K 3.17 442 6 400 3.12 409 6 871 154 DSC 3.05 450 6 401 138 K 3.47 408 6 872 89 DSC 4.08 515 6 405   191.73 DSC 3.01 406 6 677 177 DSC 3.44 435 6 407 146 K 4.37 412 6 873 183 DSC 3.07 457 6 408 130 K 4.1 444 6 874 107 K 3.24 450 6 410 2.83 477 6 875 98 K 3.24 450 6 411 8.92 458 2 877 213 DSC 2.94 500 6 5.93 458 1 878 143 DSC 3.52 503 6 412 180 K 2.85 489 6 879 0.89 531 5 413 146 K 3.03 507 6 880 135 DSC 3.45 501 6 414 3.1 451 6 668 137 DSC 422   234.9 DSC 3.28 420 6 672 194 DSC 424 3.16 440 6 683 123 DSC 426 2.82 447 6 881 156.5 DSC 4.53 440 6 428 0.56 432 5 882 164 K 4.46 454 6  34   173.67 DSC 2.46 462 6 883 194 DSC 4.35 399 6 430 3.78 498 6 884 80 K 3.58 483 6 125    99.31 DSC 2.58 435 6 885 148 DSC 5.13 640 6 431   147.77 DSC 3.99 509 6 886 130 K 3.97 455 6 432   251.77 DSC 2.79 436 6 887 245 DSC 2.81 457 6 433 2.39 423 6 888 2.96 500 6 434 2.96 487 6 889 0.6 5 435 2.89 447 6 890 6.18 444 1  5 from DSC 3.63 501 8 891 186 K 3.89 489 6 123.12 or K to or 892 157 K 4.32 534 6 to 128 3.91 6 893 1.05 443 4 436 2.86 489 6 894 3.58 489 6 95a + 3.49 559 6 895 182 DSC 3.56 470 6 95 896 166 DSC 2.74 419 6 437 2.66 433 6 897 153 DSC 2.75 419 6 438   140.67 DSC 2.44 391 6 898 6.24 430 1 440 2.9 437 6 899 3.6 480 6 441 3.04 481 6 900 214 DSC 3.47 475 6 442   120.06 DSC 3.39 461 6 901 208 DSC 3.02 433 6 443   138.47 DSC 2.94 450 6 902 >260 K 2.34 470 6 444   137.16 DSC 2.95 450 6 903 153 DSC 3.65 513 6 445   182.81 DSC 3.31 473 6 904 181 DSC 3.07 471 6   227.95 DSC 905 0.98 457 5   227.75 DSC 906 2.83 517 6 447 3.05 447 6 907 2.97 491 7 448  80 K 3.6 470 6 908 3.19 501 7 449   118.96 DSC 3.05 447 6 909 2.99 491 7 450   224.87 DSC 3.6 470 6 910 3.18 501 7 452 3.13 461 6 911 3.13 501 7 453 3.04 396 6 912 102 K 2.89 474 7 134 184 DSC 2.71 504 6 913 170 K 3.1 538 7 194 K 2.72 504 6 914 166 K 3.01 599 7 454   244.06 DSC 3.25 545 8 915 3.22 542 7 455 155 K 3.13 586 8 916 70 K 3.53 552 7 456   143.58 DSC 2.9 502 8 917 222 DSC 2.73 517 7  96   168.08 DSC 2.94 501 8 918 3.36 496 7 457 3.2 571 6 919 130 DSC 3.5 490 7 458   171.31 DSC 3.34 470 6 920 123.5 DSC 3.39 541 7 44a +   215.29 DSC 3.84 495 6 921 123 DSC 3.07 493 7 44 922 123 DSC 3.07 493 7 459    99.32 DSC 4.23 593 6 927 152 K 2.52 483 7 460 3.14 438 6 928 130 K 5.42 442 9 463 3.72 568 6 464 4.39 555 6 465   141.31 DSC 2.91 473 6 467 135 K 2.89 503 6 468 130 K 2.84 503 6 469 135 K 3.05 487 6 471 140 K 3.14 489 6 473 140 K 3.14 489 6 474 3.56 590 6 135 194 DSC 3.13 461 6 K 475   152.98 DSC 3.18 420 6 476   170.9 DSC 3.6 448 6 477  80 K 3.05 380 6 478  70 K 2.93 407 6 136 166 DSC 3.14 531 6 480 DSC 3.13 515 6  97   187.39 DSC 2.87 436 6   187.8 DSC 2.87 436 6  98   186.98 DSC 2.87 436 6   186.27 DSC 2.87 436 6 481   172.5 DSC 3.67 474 6 482 106 K 2.82 419 6 483 134 K 3.01 433 6 484 3.03 461 6 485 0.62 474 5 487   143.13 DSC 4.82 488 1 488    96.65 DSC 2.73 393 6 2.73 393 6 489   128.03 DSC 3.4 551 6 490   223.8 DSC 2.63 449 6 493   87.6 DSC 3.05 435 6 494   135.12 DSC 3.02 447 6 495 3.83 486 6 137 2.8 433 6 499 130 K 3.34 501 6 500 0.69 421 5 501   154.26 DSC 2.63 449 6 502   153.17 DSC 2.65 449 6 503 3.48 511 6 139 3.53 517 6 504   101.17 DSC 2.53 476 6   104.18 DSC 2.53 476 6 140   123.19 DSC 3.25 458 6   128.99 DSC 3.26 458 6 506 3.42 463 6 507 3.36 463 6 508   165.94 DSC 3.49 446 6 509 3.42 634 6 510  70 K 2.77 407 6 141 150 K 3.29 448 8   171.28 DSC 3.54 448 6   156.7 DSC 511 0.74 502 5 512 180 K 3.41 473 6 513   160.65 DSC 3.55 469 6 514 139 K 3.3 489 6   135.37 DSC 515 4.78 516 3 516 0.98 471 5 1.08 471 4  35 0.92 416 5 517   187.18 DSC 518   187.66 DSC 3.01 479 6 519   163.93 DSC 3.08 516 6 102 0.89 487 4 521 0.91 475 5 522   134.16 DSC 2.99 503 6 523   125.77 DSC 3.53 517 6 142   126.8 DSC 3.53 517 6 524   122.12 DSC 3 433 6 525   223.34 DSC 3.32 514 6 526   234.8 DSC 3.32 514 6 527 144 K 3.19 484 6   145.21 DSC 143   184.72 DSC 3.15 516 6 528   110.16 DSC 2.86 518 6 529   141.1 DSC 3.06 459 6 530   132.62 DSC 2.96 488 6 132.62 DSC  10 4.28 551 6 531 3.53 489 6  36   160.14 DSC 3.38 418 6 532 164 K 3.06 470 6 165 DSC 533   180.45 DSC 2.71 449 6   181.17 DSC 534   205.99 DSC 3.6 475 6 535 180 K 3.4 473 6   179.19 DSC 536   209.5 DSC 3.72 461 6 537   201.67 DSC 3.7 461 6

NMR Data

The below NMR experiments were carried out using a Bruker Avance 500 and a Bruker Avance DRX 400 spectrometers at ambient temperature, using internal deuterium lock and equipped with reverse triple-resonance (¹H, ¹³P, ¹⁵N TXI) probe head for the 500 MHz and with reverse double-resonance (¹H, ¹³C, SEI) probe head for the 400 MHz. Chemical shifts (δ) are reported in parts per million (ppm).

Compound 131

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.01 (s, 1H), 8.60 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (dd, J=2.5, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.38-6.49 (m, 3H), 4.82 (br. s., 2H), 4.23 (t, J=5.7 Hz, 2H), 3.96 (t, J=4.9 Hz, 2H), 3.80 (t, J=5.7 Hz, 2H), 3.71-3.75 (m, 5H), 3.69 (t, J=4.9 Hz, 2H), 1.05-1.26 (m, 1H), 0.42-0.51 (m, 2H), 0.16-0.25 (m, 2H)

Compound 149

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.00 (s, 1H), 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (dd, J=2.5, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (br. s., 1H), 6.49 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 2H), 6.42 (br. s., 1H), 4.15-4.31 (m, 2H), 3.89-4.00 (m, 4H), 3.74 (s, 6H)

Compound 148

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.00 (s, 1H), 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (dd, J=2.5, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (br. s., 1H), 6.49 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 2H), 6.42 (br. s., 1H), 4.15-4.31 (m, 2H), 3.89-4.00 (m, 4H), 3.74 (s, 6H)

Compound 147

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.76 (br. s., 1H), 9.01 (s, 1H), 8.64 (s, 1H), 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (dd, J=2.8, 9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 6.36-6.51 (m, 3H), 4.58 (spt, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.03-4.19 (m, 2H), 3.93 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.75 (s, 6H), 3.09-3.20 (m, 2H), 2.08 (td, J=7.3, 14.5 Hz, 2H), 1.49 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H)

Compound 146

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.99 (s, 1H), 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.65 (t, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.51-8.56 (m, 2H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (dd, J=2.8, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 2H), 6.37 (t, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 5.31 (s, 2H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.72 (s, 6H)

Compound 145

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.98 (br. s., 2H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (dd, J=2.6, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 2H), 6.43 (s, 1H), 4.17 (br. s., 1H), 3.88-3.99 (m, 6H), 3.75 (s, 6H), 3.30 (td, J=6.3, 11.9 Hz, 1H), 3.02-3.16 (m, 1H), 2.96 (q, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 1.22 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 6H)

Compound 144

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.96 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (br. s., 1H), 7.27 (dd, J=2.7, 9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 2H), 6.38-6.41 (m, 1H), 3.99 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.73 (s, 6H), 3.14 (br. s., 2H), 3.01 (s, 2H), 2.68 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 2.63 (t, J=5.2 Hz, 2H)

Compound 143

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.96 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (dd, J=2.5, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.44 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 2H), 6.32-6.42 (m, 1H), 3.98 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.73 (s, 6H), 3.35-3.43 (m, 4H), 2.63 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.44 (t, J=4.9 Hz, 2H), 2.38 (t, J=4.9 Hz, 2H), 1.97 (s, 3H)

Compound 142

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (dd, J=2.7, 9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.49 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 2H), 6.38 (t, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 5.16 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 3.83-4.00 (m, 5H), 3.69-3.78 (m, 7H), 3.19-3.31 (m, 2H), 2.68-2.78 (m, 1H), 2.66 (td, J=6.1, 12.1 Hz, 1H), 2.30-2.40 (m, 1H)

Compound 141

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (dd, J=2.5, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.34-6.44 (m, 3H), 4.49 (s, 1H), 3.84-3.99 (m, 5H), 3.74 (s, 6H), 1.66-1.86 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 6H)

Compound 140

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (dd, J=2.5, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.46 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 2H), 6.41 (t, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 3.83-3.96 (m, 5H), 3.74 (s, 6H), 2.82 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.78 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.57 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.22 (br. s., 1H)

Compound 139

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (dd, J=2.7, 9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.49 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 2H), 6.38 (t, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 5.16 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 3.83-4.00 (m, 5H), 3.69-3.78 (m, 7H), 3.19-3.31 (m, 2H), 2.68-2.78 (m, 1H), 2.66 (td, J=6.1, 12.1 Hz, 1H), 2.30-2.40 (m, 1H)

Compound 137

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.10 (br.s., 3H), 8.49 (s, 2H), 7.84 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (dd, J=2.7, 9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 2H), 6.46 (t, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 4.21 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.76 (s, 6H), 3.35 (m, 1H), 3.15 (br. s., 2H), 1.25 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 6H)

Compound Number 98

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (dd, J=2.5, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.50 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 2H), 6.37 (t, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 5.01 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 4.70-4.79 (m, 1H), 4.03 (dd, J=3.6, 14.9 Hz, 1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.81 (br. s., 1H), 3.73 (s, 6H), 3.68 (dd, J=8.1, 14.9 Hz, 1H), 3.36-3.48 (m, 2H)

Compound 136

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.03 (br.s., 2H), 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (dd, J=2.5, 9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 2H), 6.46 (t, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 4.19-4.21 (m, 2H), 4.10 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 3.84 (dd, J=2.8, 11.7 Hz, 2H), 3.76 (s, 6H), 3.31-3.38 (td, J=6.1, 11.7, 1H), 3.27 (t, J=11.7 Hz, 2H), 3.14-3.18 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.08 (m, 1H), 1.43 (d, J=11.7 Hz, 2H), 1.18-1.37 (m, 8H)

Compound 135

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.03 (br.s., 2H), 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.23 (s, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (dd, J=2.5, 9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.51 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 2H), 6.46 (t, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 3.76 (s, 6H), 4.12-4.27 (m, 4H), 3.30-3.43 (m, 1H), 3.07-3.19 (m, 2H), 1.44 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.25 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 6H)

Compound 134

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.05 (s, 1H), 8.93 (m, 1H), 8.57 (s, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H), 8.18 (q, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (dd, J=2.5, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 2H), 6.46 (t, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 4.88 (s, 2H), 4.19 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.75 (s, 6H), 3.29-3.42 (m, 1H), 3.16 (br. s., 2H), 2.64 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 3H), 1.25 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 6H)

Compound Number 5

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (dd, J=2.5, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.40 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.88 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.74 (s, 6H), 3.11-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.68-2.72 (m 2H), 2.39-2.48 (m, 1H), 1.78 (quin, J=7.1 Hz, 2H)

Compound 133

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.97 (s, 1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (dd, J=2.5, 9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.29-6.49 (m, 3H), 3.96 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.74 (s, 6H), 3.19-3.29 (m, 1H), 2.70-2.85 (m, 5H), 2.42-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.10-2.24 (m, 1H), 1.88-1.98 (m, 1H)

Compound 132

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.96 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (dd, J=2.8, 9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 6.41 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.81 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 3.74 (s, 6H), 3.23-3.32 (m, 4H), 2.23 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 1.93 (m, 2H), 1.84 (m, 2H)

Compound Number 300

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.05 (s, 1H), 8.54-8.63 (m, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.84 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (dd, J=2.5, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (s, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 6.50 (s, 2H), 6.42-6.47 (m, 1H), 4.99 (s, 2H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.74 (s, 6H), 3.53 (s, 3H)

Compound Number 4

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (dd, J=2.8, 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 6.46 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 2H), 6.40 (t, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.88 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 3.74 (s, 6H), 2.79 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.70 (m, 1H), 1.69 (br. s., 1H), 0.95 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 6H)

Compound Number 84

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.94 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (dd, J=2.5, 9.30 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 2H), 6.38-6.42 (m, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.82 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.74 (s, 6H), 2.80 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.55 (br. s., 2H)

Compound 130

¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.00 (s, 1H), 8.69 (s, 1H), 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (dd, J=2.7, 9.5 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1H), 6.38-6.47 (m, 3H), 5.55 (br.s., 1H), 4.34 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.62-3.91 (m, 12H), 3.36-3.55 (m, 6H), 3.09-3.31 (m, 4H), 2.28-2.38 (m, 2H), 1.75-1.97 (m, 2H), 1.10-1.23 (m, 1H), 0.43-0.52 (m, 2H), 0.15-0.24 (m, 2H)

The below NMR experiments were carried out using a Bruker Avance AV400 spectrometer, using an internal deuterium lock and equipped with a 4-nucleus (¹H, ¹³C, ¹⁹F, ³¹P) probe head. Chemical shifts (δ) are reported in parts per million (ppm) at 27° C.

Compound 138

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 9.07 (1H, s), 8.59 (1H, s), 8.56-8.47 (1H, m), 8.27-8.21 (1H, m), 7.87 (1H, d), 7.54-7.47 (1H, m), 7.43-7.32 (3H, m), 7.27-7.18 (1H, m), 3.98-3.89 (3H, m), 3.83 (2H, d), 2.76 (3H, d), 1.23-1.13 (1H, m), 0.50-0.41 (2H, m), 0.22-0.14 (2H, m).

Compound Number 99

¹H NMR (400 MHz, Me-d3-OD): 8.89 (1H, s), 8.40 (1H, s), 8.23 (1H, s), 7.79 (1H, d), 7.41 (1H, dd), 7.30 (1H, d), 7.01 (2H, s), 6.53 (2H, s), 6.47-6.40 (1H, m), 4.57 (2H, s), 4.01 (3H, s), 3.77 (7H, s).

Compound 200

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 8.96 (1H, s), 8.56 (1H, s), 8.21 (1H, s), 7.76 (1H, d), 7.25 (1H, dd), 7.11 (1H, d), 6.46-6.36 (3H, m), 3.99-3.82 (5H, m), 3.75 (6H, s), 1.23 (3H, t).

Compound 201

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 8.92 (1H, s), 8.54 (1H, s), 8.20 (1H, s), 7.76 (1H, d), 6.99 (1H, dd), 6.81 (2H, dd), 6.64 (1H, d), 3.92 (6H, d), 3.88-3.73 (5H, m), 1.24 (3H, t).

Compound 11

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 8.98 (1H, s), 8.56 (1H, s), 8.22 (1H, s), 7.78 (1H, d), 7.30 (1H, dd), 7.16 (1H, d), 6.43 (2H, d), 6.40 (1H, t), 3.94 (3H, s), 3.74 (6H, s), 3.41 (3H, s).

Compound 202

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 8.96 (1H, s), 8.56 (1H, s), 8.21 (1H, s), 7.77 (1H, d), 7.26 (1H, dd), 7.13 (1H, d), 6.42 (3H, s), 3.93 (3H, s), 3.82-3.70 (8H, m), 1.24-1.12 (1H, m), 0.53-0.43 (2H, m), 0.26-0.16 (2H, m).

Compound 12

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 8.96 (1H, s), 8.56 (1H, s), 8.21 (1H, s), 7.76 (1H, d), 7.26 (1H, dd), 7.08 (1H, d), 6.41 (3H, dd), 3.93 (3H, s), 3.79 (2H, t), 3.75 (6H, s), 1.73-1.63 (2H, m), 0.96 (3H, t)

Compound 204

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 9.00-8.94 (1H, m), 8.59-8.53 (1H, m), 8.25-8.18 (1H, m), 7.77 (1H, d), 7.30 (1H, dd), 7.17 (1H, d), 6.44 (2H, d), 6.40 (1H, t), 4.03 (2H, t), 3.94 (3H, s), 3.74 (6H, s), 3.60 (2H, t), 3.29 (3H, s).

Compound 13

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 8.97 (1H, s), 8.56 (1H, s), 8.21 (1H, s), 7.77 (1H, d), 7.30 (1H, dd), 7.10 (1H, d), 6.41 (3H, s), 3.93 (3H, s), 3.74 (6H, s), 3.69 (2H, d), 2.09-1.97 (1H, m), 0.98 (6H, d).

Compound 205

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 9.02 (1H, s), 8.60-8.54 (1H, m), 8.22 (1H, s), 7.82 (1H, d), 7.36 (1H, dd), 7.24 (1H, d), 6.48 (2H, d), 6.40 (1H, t), 6.32 (1H, s), 5.25 (2H, s), 3.97-3.89 (3H, m), 3.78-3.69 (7H, m), 3.29 (3H, s), 2.18 (3H, s).

Pharmacological Part Biological Assays A FGFR1 (Enzymatic Assay)

In a final reaction volume of 30 μL, FGFR1 (h) (25 ng/ml) was incubated with 50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 6 mM MnCl₂, 1 mM DTT, 0.1 mM Na₃VO₄, 0.01% Triton-X-100, 500 nM Btn-Flt3 and 5 μM ATP in the presence of compound (1% DMSO final). After incubation for 60 minutes at room temperature the reaction was stopped with 2.27 nM EU-anti P-Tyr, 7 mM EDTA, 31.25 nM SA-XL-665 and 0.02% BSA which was present for 60 minutes at room temperature. Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) signal (ex340 nm. Em 620 nm, em 655 nm) was measured afterwards and results are expressed in RFU (Relative Fluorescence Units). In this assay, the inhibitory effect of different compound concentrations (range 10 μM to 0.1 nM) was determined and used to calculate an IC₅₀ (M) and pIC₅₀ (−log IC₅₀) value.

FGFR2 (Enzymatic Assay)

In a final reaction volume of 30 μL, FGFR2 (h) (150 ng/ml) was incubated with 50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 6 mM MnCl₂, 1 mM DTT, 0.1 mM Na₃VO₄, 0.01% Triton-X-100, 500 nM Btn-Flt3 and 0.4 μM ATP in the presence of compound (1% DMSO final). After incubation for 60 minutes at room temperature the reaction was stopped with 2.27 nM EU-anti P-Tyr, 7 mM EDTA, 31.25 nM SA-XL-665 and 0.02% BSA which was present for 60 minutes at room temperature. Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) signal (ex340 nm. Em 620 nm, em 655 nm) was measured afterwards and results are expressed in (Relative Fluorescence Units). In this assay, the inhibitory effect of different compound concentrations (range 10 μM to 0.1 nM) was determined and used to calculate an IC₅₀ (M) and pIC₅₀ (−log IC₅₀) value.

FGFR3 (Enzymatic Assay)

In a final reaction volume of 30 μL, FGFR3 (h) (40 ng/ml) was incubated with 50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 6 mM MnCl₂, 1 mM DTT, 0.1 mM Na₃VO₄, 0.01% Triton-X-100, 500 nM Btn-Flt3 and 25 μM ATP in the presence of compound (1% DMSO final). After incubation for 60 minutes at room temperature the reaction was stopped with 2.27 nM EU-anti P-Tyr, 7 mM EDTA, 31.25 nM SA-XL-665 and 0.02% BSA which was present for 60 minutes at room temperature. Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) signal (ex340 nm. Em 620 nm, em 655 nm) was measured afterwards and results are expressed in RFU (Relative Fluorescence Units). In this assay, the inhibitory effect of different compound concentrations (range 10 μM to 0.1 nM) was determined and used to calculate an IC₅₀ (M) and pIC₅₀ (−log IC₅₀) value.

FGFR4 (Enzymatic Assay)

In a final reaction volume of 30 μL, FGFR4 (h) (60 ng/ml) was incubated with 50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 6 mM MnCl₂, 1 mM DTT, 0.1 mM Na₃VO₄, 0.01% Triton-X-100, 500 nM Btn-Flt3 and 5 μM ATP in the presence of compound (1% DMSO final). After incubation for 60 minutes at room temperature the reaction was stopped with 2.27 nM EU-anti P-Tyr, 7 mM EDTA, 31.25 nM SA-XL-665 and 0.02% BSA which was present for 60 minutes at room temperature. Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) signal (ex340 nm. Em 620 nm, em 655 nm) was measured afterwards and results are expressed in RFU (Relative Fluorescence Units). In this assay, the inhibitory effect of different compound concentrations (range 10 μM to 0.1 nM) was determined and used to calculate an IC₅₀ (M) and pIC₅₀ (−log IC₅₀) value.

KDR (VEGFR2) (Enzymatic Assay)

In a final reaction volume of 30 μL, KDR (h) (150 ng/ml) was incubated with 50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 6 mM MnCl₂, 1 mM DTT, 0.1 mM Na₃VO₄, 0.01% Triton-X-100, 500 nM Btn-Flt3 and 3 μM ATP in the presence of compound (1% DMSO final). After incubation for 120 minutes at room temperature the reaction was stopped with 2.27 nM EU-anti P-Tyr, 7 mM EDTA, 31.25 nM SA-XL-665 and 0.02% BSA which was present for 60 minutes at room temperature. Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) signal (ex340 nm. Em 620 nm, em 655 nm) was measured afterwards and results are expressed in RFU (Relative Fluorescence Units). In this assay, the inhibitory effect of different compound concentrations (range 10 μM to 0.1 nM) was determined and used to calculate an IC₅₀ (M) and pIC₅₀ (−log IC₅₀) value.

Ba/F3-FGFR1 (Minus IL3 or Plus IL3) (Cellular Proliferation Assay)

In a 384 well plate, 100 nl of compound dilution in DMSO was sprayed before adding 50 μl cell culture medium (phenol red free RPMI-1640, 10% FBS, 2 mM L-Glutamine and 50 μg/ml Gentamycin) containing 20000 cells per well of Ba/F3-FGFR1-transfected cells. Cells were put in an incubator at 37° C. and 5% CO₂. After 24 hours, 10 μl of Alamar Blue solution (0.5 mM K₃Fe(CN)₆, 0.5 mM K₄Fe(CN)₆, 0.15 mM Resazurin and 100 mM Phosphate Buffer) was added to the wells, incubated for 4 hours at 37° C. and 5% CO₂ before RFU's (Relative Fluorescence Units) (ex. 540 nm., em. 590 nm.) were measured in a flurorescence plate reader.

In this assay, the inhibitory effect of different compound concentrations (range 10 μM to 0.1 nM) was determined and used to calculate an IC₅₀ (M) and pIC₅₀ (−log IC₅₀) value. As a counterscreen the same experiment was performed in the presence of 10 ng/ml murine IL3.

Ba/F3-FGFR3 (Minus IL3 or Plus IL3) (Cellular Proliferation Assay)

In a 384 well plate, 100 nl of compound dilution in DMSO was sprayed before adding 50 μl cell culture medium (phenol red free RPMI-1640, 10% FBS, 2 mM L-Glutamine and 50 μg/ml Gentamycin) containing 20000 cells per well of Ba/F3-FGFR3-transfected cells. Cells were put in an incubator at 37° C. and 5% CO₂. After 24 hours, 10 μl of Alamar Blue solution (0.5 mM K₃Fe(CN)₆, 0.5 mM KaFe(CN)₆, 0.15 mM Resazurin and 100 mM Phosphate Buffer) was added to the wells, incubated for 4 hours at 37° C. and 5% CO₂ before RFU's (Relative Fluorescence Units) (ex. 540 nm., em. 590 nm.) were measured in a flurorescence plate reader.

In this assay, the inhibitory effect of different compound concentrations (range 10 μM to 0.1 nM) was determined and used to calculate an IC₅₀ (M) and pIC₅₀ (−log IC₅₀) value. As a counterscreen the same experiment was performed in the presence of 10 ng/ml murine IL3.

Ba/F3-KDR (Minus IL3 or Plus IL3) (Cellular Proliferation Assay)

In a 384 well plate, 100 nl of compound dilution in DMSO was sprayed before adding 50 μl cell culture medium (phenol red free RPMI-1640, 10% FBS, 2 mM L-Glutamine and 50 μg/ml Gentamycin) containing 20000 cells per well of Ba/F3-KDR-transfected cells. Cells were put in an incubator at 37° C. and 5% CO₂. After 24 hours, 10 μl of Alamar Blue solution (0.5 mM K₃Fe(CN)₆, 0.5 mM KaFe(CN)₆, 0.15 mM Resazurin and 100 mM Phosphate Buffer) was added to the wells, incubated for 4 hours at 37° C. and 5% CO₂ before RFU's (Relative Fluorescence Units) (ex. 540 nm., em. 590 nm.) were measured in a flurorescence plate reader.

In this assay, the inhibitory effect of different compound concentrations (range 10 μM to 0.1 nM) was determined and used to calculate an IC₅₀ (M) and pIC₅₀ (−log IC₅₀) value. As a counterscreen the same experiment was performed in the presence of 10 ng/ml murine IL3.

Ba/F3-Flt3 (Minus IL3 or Plus IL3) (Cellular Proliferation Assay)

In a 384 well plate, 100 nl of compound dilution in DMSO was sprayed before adding 50 μl cell culture medium (phenol red free RPMI-1640, 10% FBS, 2 mM L-Glutamine and 50 μg/ml Gentamycin) containing 20000 cells per well of Ba/F3-Flt3-transfected cells. Cells were put in an incubator at 37° C. and 5% CO₂. After 24 hours, 10 μl of Alamar Blue solution (0.5 mM K₃Fe(CN)₆, 0.5 mM KaFe(CN)₆, 0.15 mM Resazurin and 100 mM Phosphate Buffer) was added to the wells, incubated for 4 hours at 37° C. and 5% CO₂ before RFU's (Relative Fluorescence Units) (ex. 540 nm., em. 590 nm.) were measured in a flurorescence plate reader.

In this assay, the inhibitory effect of different compound concentrations (range 10 μM to 0.1 nM) was determined and used to calculate an IC₅₀ (M) and pIC₅₀ (−log IC₅₀) value. As a counterscreen the same experiment was performed in the presence of 10 ng/ml murine IL3.

Data for the compounds of the invention in the above assays are provided in Table A2.

TABLE A2 BAF3- BAF3- BAF3- BAF3- BAF3- BAF3- BAF3- BAF3_(—) VEGFR FGFR1 FGFR1 FGFR3 FGFR3 KDR KDR FLT3 FLT3 FGFR FGFR FGFR FGFR 2 (MIN (PLUS (MIN (PLUS (MIN (PLUS (MIN (PLUS Co. 1 2 3 4 (KDR) IL3) IL3) IL3) IL3) IL3) IL3) IL3) IL3) No. pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ 200 8.53 8.11 8.73 7.92 7.05 6.41 <5 6.61 <5 5.79 <5 5.2 <5  11 8.36 7.91 8.66 7.76 7.43 6.3 <5 6.43 <5 6.06 <5 5.71 <5 202 8.11 7.71 ~8.33 7.61 6.58 5.95 <5 6.1 <5 5.14 <5 <5 <5 8.18 7.9 8.45 7.6 6.72 6.15 <5 5.93 <5 5.18 <5 <5 <5  17 7.93 7.48 8.15 7.13 6.39 5.95 <5 5.67 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 203 7.26 7.19 7.75 6.73 6.17 5.49 <5 5.54 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 204 8.27 7.93 8.47 7.55 6.79 6.53 <5 6.64 <5 5.35 <5 <5 <5 205 8.85 8.46 9 8.55 7.07 6.42 <5 7.09 <5 5.52 <5 5.24 <5 206 8.15 7.91 8.52 7.46 6.67 5.79 <5 6.15 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 207 8.86 8.32 8.64 7.45 7.18 5.59 <5 ~5.56 ~5.24 <5 <5 <5 <5  56 8.35 8.19 8.68 7.55 6.92 6.12 <5 5.72 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 8.37 8.09 8.55 7.57 6.97 6.28 <5 5.9 <5 5.06 <5 <5 <5 208 7.35 7.21 7.26 6.8 5.82 5.73 <5 5.66 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 209 5.92 ~6.07 6.22 5.29 6.18 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 210 8.37 8.03 8.45 7.75 6.75 6.7 <5 6.53 <5 5.26 <5 <5 <5 211 8.29 7.88 8.13 7.39 6.7 6.44 <5 6.01 <5 5.26 <5 <5 <5  1 8.59 8.5 9.05 8.25 7.07 7.04 <5 6.89 <5 6.03 <5 <5 <5 8.64 8.41 8.95 8.27 7.1 6.56 <5 6.86 <5 5.6 <5 5.09 <5 212 8.43 8.15 8.86 7.83 6.92 6.36 <5 5.98 <5 ~5.02 <5 <5 <5 213 8.33 8.09 8.55 7.74 6.65 6.45 <5 6.06 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 214 7.16 7 7.39 6.33 5.74 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 216 8.86 8.28 8.58 7.66 6.79 5.69 <5 6.05 ~5.02 ~5.06 ~5.09 ~5.26 ~5.2  22 5.99 6.07 6.12 <5 5.92 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  60 8.99 8.42 9.01 7.84 7.37 5.8 ~5.19 6.15 ~5.27 ~5.27 ~5.26 ~5.27 ~5.08 122 8.77 8.49 9.1 8.21 7.12 6.36 <5 6.87 <5 5.47 <5 <5 <5  58 6.17 6.39 6.78 <6 <6 <5 <5 ~5.09 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  3 8.71 8.63 9.03 8.29 7.75 7.24 <5 7.1 <5 5.91 <5 5.22 <5 8.77 8.49 8.97 8.25 7.39 218 8.42 ~8.05 8.29 7.63 6.62 6.71 <5 6.61 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 219 6.95 6.92 7.23 6.12 <6 5.05 <5 5.23 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 220 7.27 7.01 7.53 6.59 6.48 5.44 <5 5.34 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 221 6.63 6.62 7.08 <6 6.97 <5 <5 ~5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 223 8.74 8.44 9.04 8.37 6.95 6.73 <5 7 <5 5.3 <5 <5 <5 224 7.84 7.83 8.2 7.51 7.19 5.64 <5 5.6 <5 5.37 <5 5.23 <5  62 8.9 8.45 9.06 7.92 7.55 5.88 ~5.25 6.06 ~5.25 ~5.27 ~5.27 ~5.27 ~5.26  23 8.73 8.54 9.15 8.35 6.91 7.02 <5 6.74 <5 5.28 <5 <5 <5 226 8.16 8.07 8.69 7.52 6.46 6 <5 6.11 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  8 8.84 8.48 8.61 7.98 7.15 5.96 <5 7.12 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 8.84 8.82 8.49 7.95 7.55 6.07 <5 7.07 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  84 8.76 8.55 8.75 8.1 7.43 6.57 <5 6.92 <5 5.63 <5 <5 <5 8.67 8.8 8.73 8.03 7.56 7.29 <5 7.16 <5 5.96 <5 <5 <5 8.76 8.61 8.71 8.12 7.44 6.75 <5 6.82 <5 5.73 <5 <5 <5 8.66 8.71 8.73 7.95 7.43 6.47 <5 7.06 <5 5.75 <5 <5 <5 8.74 8.48 8.62 7.8 7.3 6.58 <5 7.15 <5 5.57 <5 <5 <5 8.92 8.47 8.69 7.88 7.08 6.1 <5 7.03 <5 5 <5 <5 <5 8.96 8.56 8.74 8.06 7.46 6.08 <5 7.07 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 8.78 8.4 8.66 7.97 7.52 5.94 <5 7.11 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 8.81 8.64 8.64 7.98 7.27 6.87 <5 7.29 <5 5.73 <5 <5 <5 227 8.27 8.03 8.6 7.8 6.78 5.76 <5 6.57 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  65 8.51 8.19 8.35 7.49 6.46 6 <5 6.56 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 229 8.53 8.14 8.95 7.64 6.68 5.75 <5 6.39 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  73 8.73 8.53 8.64 7.46 7.31 6.09 ~5.07 6 ~5.25 ~5.23 ~5.24 ~5.25 <5 231 8.16 8.29 8.45 7.38 7 5.71 <5 6.23 <5 ~5.08 <5 <5 <5  59 7.76 7.95 8.07 6.99 6.59 6.34 <5 6.55 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  52 8.04 7.82 8.21 7.28 6.91 5.7 <5 6.17 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 232 <6 <6 6.17 <6 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  64 7.67 7.39 7.29 7.09 <6 6.17 <5 5.75 <5 <5 <5 <6 <5 233 8.76 8.57 8.93 8.13 7.27 6.66 <5 6.97 <5 5.59 <5 <5 <5  19 8.09 8.01 8.17 6.93 6.86 5.2 <5 ~5.68 ~5.23 <5 <5 ~5.18 <5 130 8.32 8.19 8.54 7.37 7.69 6.16 ~5.25 6.06 ~5.33 ~5.62 ~5.3 ~5.28 ~5.26 235 8.78 8.53 8.68 7.42 7.26 5.72 <5 6.15 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  69 7.72 7.33 7.93 6.95 6.16 5.99 <5 6.29 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 7.72 7.43 7.77 7.02 6.05 5.55 <5 6.1 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 237 6.84 6.99 7.35 6.5 6.14 ~5.16 <5 ~5.17 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 238 9.01 8.57 8.88 7.76 7.54 6.2 <5 6.89 <5 5.32 <5 <5 <5  66 6.54 6.96 7.22 6.18 <6 <5 <5 ~5.04 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  2 ~8.64 8.48 9.02 8.03 6.86 6.51 <5 7.04 <5 5.41 <5 <5 <5 8.56 8.33 8.79 7.97 7.34 7.1 <5 7.05 <5 5.49 <5 <5 <5 113 8.35 8.18 8.71 7.8 6.69 6.71 <5 6.95 <5 5.45 <5 <5 <5  68 5.86 5.99 ~6.06 <5 5.91 <5 <5 ~5.11 ~5.15 <5 <5 5.21 <5 239 ~8.66 8.5 8.76 7.33 7.14 5.94 <5 5.91 ~5.28 5.25 ~5.21 ~5.26 ~5.25 240 8.7 8.26 8.75 7.17 7.01 6.08 <5 5.71 ~5.26 ~5.14 ~5.26 ~5.26 <5 241 9.12 8.86 9.05 8.51 7.74 8.02 <5 8.03 ~5.06 6.69 <5 ~5.09 <5 9.43 8.78 8.73 8.59 7.61 7.97 <5 8.01 ~5.08 6.65 <5 ~5.14 <5  55 8.72 8.52 8.75 7.24 7.12 6.1 ~5.16 5.95 ~5.27 ~5.24 ~5.25 ~5.26 ~5.2 242 8.62 8.61 8.9 8.01 7.44 6.96 <5 7 <5 5.77 <5 <5 <5 243 8.66 8.36 8.89 7.61 7.04 6.01 <5 6.01 ~5.25 ~5.02 ~5.2 ~5.21 ~5.19 244 8.27 8.29 8.49 7 6.76 5.84 <5 5.77 ~5.25 ~5.05 ~5.08 ~5.24 <5 245 8.2 8.02 8.37 6.71 6.87 6.91 <5 6.82 <5 5.94 <5 <5 <5 246 8.22 8.09 8.65 7.28 6.47 5.69 <5 6.11 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  24 7.88 7.94 8.52 7.32 6.82 5.97 <5 5.86 <5 ~5.01 <5 <5 <5 249 8.45 8.31 8.65 7.09 7.36 6.55 <5 6.56 <5 5.64 <5 <5 <5 250 8.35 8.08 8.59 7.37 6.49 5.73 <5 6.09 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 251 7.73 7.73 7.93 6.12 6.34 5.31 <5 ~5.29 ~5.26 ~5.12 ~5.23 ~5.26 ~5.37  21 8.75 8.48 9.07 8.07 6.79 6.75 <5 6.8 <5 5.56 <5 <5 <5  72 8.8 ~8.5 8.91 7.33 7.22 6.1 ~5.05 6.03 ~5.29 ~5.28 ~5.26 ~5.27 ~5.19 253 8.54 8.33 8.74 7.6 6.78 5.92 <5 6.07 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 254 8.41 8.19 8.52 7.52 6.35 6.13 <5 6.11 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  74 7.78 7.9 8 7.07 <6 6.14 <5 6.42 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  70a 8.57 8.52 8.23 7.58 7.23 6.91 <5 7.13 <5 5.77 <5 <5 <5 256 9.21 8.54 8.88 8.31 7.28 7 <5 6.89 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  26 8.76 8.47 8.9 8.11 7.14 6.85 <5 6.76 <5 5.64 <5 5.22 <5 257 7.96 7.58 7.9 7.59 6.49 6.46 <5 6.57 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  75 8.73 8.42 8.87 8.12 7.15 7.05 <5 6.9 <5 5.7 <5 <5 <5 8.5 8.42 8.79 8.1 6.77 6.69 <5 7.11 <5 5.5 <5 <5 <5  7 8.3 8.17 8.57 7.92 6.66 6.36 <5 6.58 <5 5.26 <5 <5 <5 259 8.81 8.63 9.1 8.4 7.28 7.24 <5 7.17 <5 5.45 <5 <5 <5 260 8.79 8.51 8.9 8.18 7.47 7.2 <5 6.88 <5 5.58 <5 <5 <5  27 6.13 6.56 6.3 <6 6.4 5.67 <5 <5 <5 6.17 <5 5.32 <5  78 8.13 7.93 8.4 7.42 6.77 6.19 <5 6.12 <5 5.24 <5 <5 <5 8.22 8.11 8.36 7.45 6.96 6.63 <5 6.46 <5 ~5.68 <5 <5 <5 8.1 8.03 8.43 7.52 6.68 6.26 <5 6.26 <5 5.38 <5 <5 <5 261 8.71 8.5 8.39 8.14 7.38 5.96 <5 7.07 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 262 9.29 9.35 8.91 7.86 7.74 <5 7.87 <5 6.75 <5 <5 <5  25 9.11 8.64 8.43 7.92 7.04 7.36 <5 7.22 <5 5.73 <5 <5 <5 8.78 8.61 8.52 7.78 7.11 7.35 <5 7.36 <5 5.86 <5 <5 <5 263 8.75 8.52 8.75 8.14 7.39 6.72 <5 6.75 <5 5.54 <5 <5 <5 264 8.97 8.75 8.45 8.09 7.78 7.47 <5 7.58 <5 6.12 <5 <5 <5 265 8.79 8.59 8.44 8.04 7.05 6.51 <5 6.65 <5 5.24 <5 <5 <5 266 8.76 8.62 8.33 7.97 7.37 5.79 <5 6.9 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  76 8.46 8.19 8.43 7.65 7.05 7.18 5 6.92 <5 6.08 5.02 5.09 <5 267 7.83 7.7 8 7.43 6.2 5.69 <5 5.76 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 268 9.43 8.74 9.14 9.05¶ 7.96 7.74 <5 8.09 <5 6.69 <5 <5 <5 9.25 8.75 9.41 8.78 7.96 7.86 <5 7.89 <5 6.69 <5 <5 <5 269 6.28 6.44 6.51 <6 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 271 8.14 7.87 8.58 7.61 6.75 6.14 <5 6.19 <5 ~5.06 <5 <5 <5 272 9.02 8.75 8.82 8.37 7.6 7.36 <5 7.77 <5 6.24 <5 ~5.18 <5 273 7.11 7.09 6.71 <6 6.29 5.73 <5 5.68 <5 5.29 <5 <5 <5 274 6.1 6.27 6.65 <6 ~6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 121 8.12 7.86 8.2 7.02 6.63 6.14 <5 ~6.06 <5 5.55 <5 5.35 <5  4 9.01 8.35 8.42 8.21 7.32 7.23 <5 7.31 <5 5.48 <5 ~5.05 <5 8.77 8.81 8.49 8.18 7.43 7.08 <5 7.82 <5 6.05 <5 <5 <5 8.73 8.76 8.5 8.23 7.46 7.72 <5 7.86 <5 6.11 <5 5 <5 8.96 8.73 8.57 8.31 7.46 7.6 <5 8.05 <5 5.96 <5 <5 <5 8.92 8.67 8.44 8.25 7.33 8.07 <5 8.07 <5 6.48 <5 <5 <5 9.09 8.58 8.6 8.29 7.45 7.61 <5 8.13 <5 6.04 <5 <5 <5 9.01 8.64 8.56 8.33 7.5 7.61 <5 7.98 ~5.12 6 <5 <5 <5 8.99 8.56 8.6 8.18 7.58 7.89 <5 7.8 <5 6.24 <5 <5 <5 276 8.6 8.46 8.93 8.17 7.23 6.99 <5 ~7.17 <5 5.65 <5 <5 <5  28 8.62 8.47 8.83 8.09 7.35 7.15 <5 7.14 <5 5.58 <5 <5 <5  37 8.04 7.99 8.62 7.59 7.14 5.88 ~5.07 5.82 <5 ~5.1 <5 <5 <5 278 8.46 8.34 8.44 7.66 7.18 5.92 <5 7.09 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 279 8.43 8.3 8.4 7.5 7.16 5.76 <5 7.04 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 280 8.66 8.39 8.44 7.87 7.31 6.94 <5 7.49 <5 5.34 <5 <5 <5 281 8.41 8.36 8.18 7.59 7.14 7.33 <5 7.1 <5 5.94 <5 ~5.15 <5 283 6.39 6.65 6.68 <6 6.31 5.23 <5 ~5.21 <5 ~5.18 <5 <5 <5 79/79a 8.62 8.55 8.58 7.82 6.91 7.29 <5 7.58 <5 5.8 <5 <5 <5 602 8.06 8.14 8.13 7.51 7 6.57 <5 6.6 <5 5.28 <5 <5 <5  81 8.21 8.16 8.84 7.48 7.02 6.61 <5 6.43 <5 5.24 <5 <5 <5  80 8.33 8.13 8.72 7.59 6.86 6.69 <5 6.59 <5 5.31 <5 <5 <5 284 9.07 8.8 8.68 8.4 7.39 7.69 <5 7.82 ~5.08 5.72 <5 <5 <5 9.26 8.8 8.8 8.33 7.73 7.56 <5 7.77 ~5.01 6.17 <5 ~5.1 <5 286 8.75 8.49 8.56 8.14 7.68 7.24 <5 7.32 5.03 5.86 <5 <5 <5 287 8.33 8.3 8.63 7.8 7.69 6.38 <5 6.75 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  29 ~6.1 6.1 6.32 <6 ~5.96 <5 <5 5.24 5.28 <5 <5 5.22 <5 288 7.65 ~7.77 7.73 7.04 6.76 5.15 <5 6.58 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 291 8.87 8.71 8.77 8.39 7.97 7.72 <5 7.79 <5 6.65 <5 <5 <5 293 7.01 6.99 7.49 6.49 6.23 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 294 8.67 8.4 8.64 7.69 7.28 5.78 <5 6.9 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 8.62 8.6 8.52 7.75 7.07 6.24 <5 6.94 <5 5.4 <5 <5 <5  16 7.81 7.78 8.34 7.39 6.53 6.17 <5 5.78 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  20 8.25 8.31 8.84 7.85 7.16 6.07 <5 6.06 <5 ~5 <5 <5 <5 295 8.86 8.61 8.75 8.14 7.6 7.97 <5 7.79 <5 6.32 <5 <5 <5 296 8.61 8.53 8.46 8 6.87 7.47 <5 7.65 <5 5.96 <5 <5 <5  54 6.16 6.07 6.11 <6 ~6.04 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 297 8.19 8.35 8.5 7.66 7.24 5.35 <5 5.56 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 298 8.42 8.45 8.18 7.65 6.72 6.71 <5 6.37 <5 5.21 <5 <5 <5 299 8.06 8.23 8.48 7.72 7.31 6.81 <5 6.88 <5 5.74 <5 <5 <5  49 8.93 8.34 9.19 8.33 7.53 7.13 <5 7.06 <5 5.58 <5 5.43 <5  93 8.95 8.66 8.86 8.23 7.65 6.98 <5 6.97 <5 5.81 <5 <5 <5 8.85 8.46 8.64 8.04 7.58 6.8 <5 6.42 <5 5.47 <5 ~5.01 <5 302 8.97 8.72 8.68 8.28 7.59 7.93 <5 7.91 <5 6.64 <5 <5 <5 303 8.43 8.48 8.33 7.66 7.92 6.73 <5 6.7 ~5.01 6.43 <5 <5 <5 304 8.15 7.82 8.13 7.33 7.13 5.74 <5 7.08 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 305 6.38 <5 6.67 <5 5.07 <5 <5 <5  61 5.83 ~5.19 ~5.67 ~5.28 ~5.15 ~5.25 5.12 ~5.12 306 5.74 <5 5.64 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 307 5.74 <5 5.63 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 308 6.1 <5 6.87 <5 <5 <5 6.84 <5 311 6.38 <5 6.45 <5 5.38 <5 <5 <5 312 5.76 <5 5.86 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 313 8.67 8.53 9.01 8.27 7.08 6.98 <5 7.1 <5 5.65 <5 <5 <5 6.56 <5 7.09 <5 5.56 <5 5.09 <5 314 5.92 <5 6.05 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  30 6.71 <5 6.32 <5 5.42 <5 5.21 <5  38 8.69 8.21 8.55 7.78 7.06 5.93 <5 6.5 <5 5.14 <5 <5 <5 315 6.6 <5 6.07 <5 5.34 <5 <5 <5  48 7.43 <5 7.53 <5 6.45 <5 <5 <5 316 7.44 <5 7.48 <5 6.35 <5 <5 <5 321 8.85 8.7 8.68 7.99 7.72 6.6 <5 6.92 <5 5.81 <5 <5 <5  57 7.97 7.84 8.42 7.35 6.54 5.92 <5 6.31 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 323 6.58 6.78 6.84 <6 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  85 7.78 7.84 8.18 7.04 6.59 5.56 <5 6.14 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 324 8.81 8.65 8.5 7.9 7 7.12 <5 7.46 <5 5.63 <5 <5 <5 325 7.57 7.7 7.3 6.51 6.12 5.79 <5 6.26 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  86 8.39 8.13 8.58 7.85 7.1 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 326 8.04 8.05 8.48 7.46 6.79 6.18 <5 6.39 <5 5.12 <5 <5 <5  83 8.47 8.45 7.97 7.35 6.98 6.68 <5 6.86 <5 5.63 <5 <5 <5 327 6.88 7.11 7.52 6.51 6.16 <5 <5 5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 328 9.14 8.71 8.78 8.29 7.7 6.94 <5 7.13 5.11 5.76 <5 ~5.12 <5 330 8.85 8.65 8.51 7.75 7.47 6.49 <5 6.7 ~5.08 ~5.56 ~5.08 ~5.19 <5 332 8.82 8.67 8.52 7.85 7.33 7.27 <5 7.57 <5 6.04 <5 <5 <5 333 8.47 8.39 8.42 7.86 7.15 5.68 <5 6.13 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 334 7.37 7.2 7.29 6.61 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 335 9.06 8.84 9.23 8.68 7.67 7.13 <5 7.6 <5 6.09 <5 <5 <5 336 8.51 8.5 8.7 7.88 6.86 6.36 <5 6.85 <5 5.37 <5 <5 <5 338 9.21 ~8.93 8.89 8.16 7.43 6.52 <5 7.12 <5 5.53 <5 <5 <5 339 8.24 8.19 8.04 7.16 7.17 5.92 <5 6.11 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  32 6.56 6.4 6.61 <6 <6 <5 <5 5.37 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 131 7.94 8.01 8.47 7.35 6.71 6.1 <5 6.31 <5 5.07 <5 <5 <5 340 8.05 8.05 8.39 7.3 6.6 6.54 <5 7.26 <5 5.22 <5 <5 <5 342 8.91 8.6 8.43 7.93 7.26 7.31 <5 7.59 <5 5.83 <5 <5 <5 343 8.55 8.47 8.42 7.6 7.02 6.52 <5 6.56 <5 5.28 <5 <5 <5 344 8.68 8.47 8.18 7.35 7.24 6.9 <5 7.22 <5 5.95 <5 6.12 <5  31 9.01 8.51 9.21 8.42 7.24 6.85 <5 7.41 <5 5.71 <5 5.32 <5 8.86 8.61 9.06 8.51 7.34 6.96 <5 7.29 <5 5.87 <5 5.53 <5 345 8.38 8.41 8.73 7.63 7.06 5.82 <5 6.32 ~5.02 ~5.01 <5 ~5.01 <5 346 ~6.64 6.55 6.45 6.59 <6 5.17 <5 5.68 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 347 8.85 8.67 8.64 8.24 7.2 7.46 <5 7.99 <5 6.09 <5 ~5.12 <5 348 8.07 7.91 8.04 7.37 6.61 6.21 <5 6.61 <5 5.21 <5 <5 <5 351 8.34 8.29 7.8 6.98 7.04 5.93 <5 6.59 <5 ~5.38 <5 <5 <5  89 8.43 8.35 8.52 7.6 7.01 6.33 <5 6.82 <5 5.31 <5 <5 <5 352 8.98 8.54 8.64 8.29 7.37 7.5 <5 7.89 <5 5.89 <5 <5 <5  87 9.01 8.73 8.88 8.46 7.62 7.51 <5 7.89 <5 6.39 <5 5.07 <5 353 7.68 7.73 8.07 7.06 6.33 5.64 <5 6.2 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 354 8.51 8.08 8.43 7.7 6.57 6.2 <5.52 6.68 <5.52 <5.52 <5.52 <5.52 <5.52 355 7.49 7.21 7.19 6.21 6.23 5.19 <5 5.55 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 356 ~8.07 8.06 8.23 7.49 6.83 6.2 <5 6.56 <5 5.22 <5 <5 <5  53 6.45 6.47 6.38 ~6.15 6.34 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  91 7.91 7.71 8.25 7.47 6.59 <5 <5 ~5.27 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  18 7.3 6.9 6.98 6.58 6.64 5.44 <5 6.07 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 357 8.74 8.37 8.38 7.7 7.11 6.91 <5 7.38 <5 5.69 <5 <5 <5 358 6.83 7.01 6.97 6.64 <6 <5 <5 5.12 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 359 7.65 7.57 7.66 7.12 6.14 5.69 <5 6.15 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 360 7.87 7.67 7.89 6.9 6.16 5.5 <5 5.98 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 361 7.47 7.42 7.27 6.15 6.1 5.67 <5 6.05 <5 5.17 <5 5.25 <5 362 8.62 8.26 8.32 7.78 7.09 6.6 <5 7.17 <5 5.54 <5 <5 <5 363 8.92 8.71 8.95 8.36 7.51 6.52 <5 6.7 <5 5.28 <5 <5 <5 9 8.75 8.84 8.35 7.33 5.8 <5 6.57 <5 5.07 <5 <5 <5 364 8.41 8.19 8.23 7.59 7.69 5.94 <5 6.45 <5 5.8 <5 <5 <5 365 8.64 8.41 8.57 7.97 7.52 6.29 <5 6.94 <5 5.74 <5 <5 <5 366 8.94 8.6 8.62 8.18 7.31 7.23 <5 7.92 <5 5.95 <5 <5 <5 367 9.26 8.86 8.94 8.54 7.47 7.17 <5 7.63 <5 6.02 <5 <5 <5 300 8.15 7.99 8.38 7.9 7.01 >8 <5 >8 <5 5.29 <5 5.09 <5 8.14 8.46 8.41 7.87 7.2 7.9 5.28 8.18 ~5.12 5.56 5.1 5.33 5.17 8.35 8.41 8.59 7.84 7.02 6.92 <5 7.81 <5 5.21 <5 5.11 <5 368 ~8.96 8.7 8.81 8.09 7.23 5.93 <5 6.41 <5 5.14 <5 <5 <5 369 7.76 7.93 7.5 6.73 7.63 5.2 <5 5.57 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 370 8.68 8.57 8.61 8 6.86 5.95 <5 6.51 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 371 8.8 8.68 8.42 8.17 7.24 6.04 ~5.03 6.64 ~5.17 5.58 5.13 ~5.22 ~5.13  92 9.09 8.57 8.99 8.74 7.64 6.65 <5 7.72 <5 5.79 <5 <5 <5 8.96 8.6 8.97 8.73 7.81 7.39 <5 7.55 <5 6.16 <5 <5 <5 9.04 8.45 8.99 8.58 7.65 7.74 <5 7.83 <5 6.23 <5 <5 <5 373 7.96 7.97 7.97 7.26 6.62 5.63 <5 6.1 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 374 6.55 <5 6.96 <5 5.15 <5 <5 <5 375 8.63 8.59 9.06 8.19 6.99 6.88 <5 7.36 <5 5.3 <5 <5 <5 7.13 <5 7.17 <5 5.84 <5 <5 <5 376 6.92 <5 7.32 <5 5.91 <5 5.04 <5 377 6.26 <5 6.75 <5 5.41 <5 <5 <5 378 8.46 8.41 8.19 7.66 6.86 7.18 <5 7.37 <5 5.43 <5 <5 <5 7.43 <5 7.57 <5 5.83 <5 <5 <5 379 8.23 8.52 8.25 7.51 7.22 6.13 <5 6.49 ~5.19 5.14 <5 <5 <5 6.48 <5 6.59 5.1 ~5.49 ~5.08 ~5.16 <5 380 6.69 <5 6.85 <5 5.32 <5 <5 <5 381 6.81 <5 7.14 <5 5.59 <5 <5 <5 382 8.96 8.69 8.67 8.05 6.93 7.29 <5 7.63 ~5.05 5.56 <5 <5 <5 7.5 <5 7.69 <5 5.79 <5 <5 <5 132 8.12 8.54 8.43 7.73 7.46 6.26 <5 6.75 <5 5.4 <5 <5 <5 6.84 <5 6.65 <5 5.68 <5 <5 <5 108 9 8.86 8.74 8.19 7.5 7.67 <5 7.68 <5 6.15 <5 5.12 <5 7.45 <5 7.59 <5 5.98 <5 <5 <5 384 7.21 <5 7.51 <5 5.51 <5 <5 <5 385 5.49 <5 5.81 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5  39 6.56 <5 6.8 <5 5.23 <5 <5 <5  40 6.25 <5 6.47 <5 5.19 <5 <5 <5 133 8.52 8.28 8.73 7.94 7.08 6.82 <5 7.06 <5 5.62 <5 <5 <5 6.74 <5 7.12 <5 5.64 <5 <5 <5 386 ~5.56 <5 5.79 ~5.11 <5 5.05 <5 <5 387 5.25 <5 5.57 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 389 6.67 <5 6.98 <5 5.23 <5 <5 <5 390 7.17 <5 7.25 <5 5.62 <5 <5 <5 391 5.8 <5 6.13 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 392 7.91 7.77 8.19 7.14 6.9 5.95 <5 6.05 <5 5.34 <5 5.37 <5 395 9.35 8.81 8.87 8.72 8.08 7.78 <5 7.88 <5 6.75 <5 <5 <5  94 8.76 8.29 9.05 8.2 7.1 6.41 <5 6.74 <5 5.31 <5 <5 <5 8.47 8.47 8.85 8.19 7.07 6.9 <5 7.1 <5 5.62 <5 <5 <5 396 8.66 8.45 8.23 8.05 7.59 7.78 <5 8.02 ~5.16 6.62 <5 5.08 <5 397 8.43 8.36 8.96 7.98 6.87 6.75 <5 ~7.07 <5 5.26 <5 <5 <5 398 8.85 8.59 8.67 8 7.75 6.44 <5 6.54 ~5.25 5.95 <5 ~5.16 <5 399 8.58 8.37 9.05 8.24 7.08 6.59 <5.52 6.87 <5 5.65 <5 5.1 <5 400 8.55 8.46 9.01 8.15 7.14 6.55 <5 6.5 <5 5.67 <5 5.1 <5 401 7.75 7.78 8.31 7.14 6.76 5.75 <5 5.93 <5 5.33 <5 <5 <5 405 7.2 6.89 7.08 6.59 <6 5.62 <5 5.79 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 407 7.21 6.84 7.25 6.35 6.11 <5 <5 ~5.08 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 408 6.41 6.74 6.49 <6 ~6 <6 <5 6.38 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 409 8.84 8.55 8.58 8.11 6.57 6.82 <5 6.78 <5 5.47 <5 <5 <5 411 6.62 6.75 6.75 6 6.13 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 412 8.14 8.36 8.1 7.42 6.93 6.35 <5 6.03 <5 5.31 <5 <5 <5 413 8.74 8.5 8.37 8.17 7.76 7.79 <5 7.94 5.09 6.4 <5 5.11 <5 414 8.54 8.43 8.27 7.64 7.17 6.65 <5 6.57 ~5.15 5.89 <5 ~5.98 <5 422 8.72 8.42 8.74 8.12 7.49 6.67 <5 7.29 <5 5.84 <5 <5 <5 423 8.73 8.46 8.81 8.18 7.42 7.4 <5 7.65 <5 6.07 <5 ~5.07 <5 426 6.94 6.8 6.69 <6 <6 5.43 <5 5.59 <5 <5 <5 ~5.05 <5 428 8.52 8.46 8.38 7.17 7.73 5.99 <5 5.8 <5 5.25 <5 <5 <5  34 8.7 8.4 8.54 7.93 7.04 5.88 <5 5.81 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 430 8.15 8 8.32 7.7 7.26 6.13 <5 6.26 <5 5.25 <5 <5 <5 125 8.49 8.31 8.5 7.84 6.87 6.38 <5 6.38 <5 5.49 <5 <5 <5 431 7.9 7.83 8.01 7.49 6.78 5.8 <5 6.17 <5 ~5.13 <5 <5 <5 432 8.91 8.55 8.52 8.22 7.26 7.04 <5 7.32 <5 5.81 <5 <5 <5 433 7.94 7.78 7.99 7.51 7.18 5.67 <5 5.63 <5 5.24 <5 5.1 <5 434 8.66 8.4 8.94 8.33 7.07 6.49 <5 7.03 <5 5.49 <5 5.09 <5 435 8.9 8.73 8.71 8.15 6.9 6.66 <5 6.63 ~5.19 5.51 <5 5.28 <5  5 8.14 7.89 8.12 7.6 6.87 ~6.13 <5 5.49 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 8.12 7.96 8.2 7.82 7.01 6.32 <5 ~6.61 <5 5.06 <5 <5 <5 8.14 7.89 8.31 7.74 7.1 6.33 <5 6.51 <5 5.11 <5 <5 <5 8.04 8.3 8.54 7.81 6.92 6.45 <5 6.58 <5 5.43 <5 <5 <5 8.02 8.2 8.66 7.67 6.96 6.08 <5 6.4 <5 5.32 <5 <5 <5 8.1 8.26 8.59 7.6 7 6.22 <5 6.45 <5 5.37 <5 <5 <5 7.91 7.94 8.08 7.58 6.66 5.87 <5 6.62 <5 5.23 <5 <5 <5 8.22 8.26 8.45 7.81 6.86 6.24 <5 6.62 <5 5.29 <5 <5 <5 436 8.93 8.68 8.88 8.19 7.56 6.7 <5 6.72 <5 5.9 <5 <5 <5 95/95a 8.77 8.55 8.77 8.52 7.68 6.83 <5 6.75 <5 5.97 <5 <5 <5 437 6.81 6.87 6.8 <6 <6 5.31 <5 5.35 <5 <5 ~5.66 <5 <5 438 6.91 6.71 6.4 <6 <6 5.26 <5 5.41 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 440 8.56 8.32 8.07 7.36 7.09 6.62 <5 6.57 ~5.02 5.67 <5 5.93 <5 441 8.65 8.46 8.31 8.27 7.75 8.19 <5 8.39 ~5.11 6.96 <5 5.1 <5 442 8.79 8.52 8.41 7.98 7.06 7.37 <5 7.37 <5 5.76 ~5.61 <5 <5 443 9.06 8.64 8.54 8.32 7.33 7.53 <5 7.86 ~5.13 5.89 <5 <5 <5 444 9.04 8.5 8.56 8.36 7.33 7.62 <5 7.85 ~5.1 5.96 <5 <5 <5 445 8.58 8.32 8.8 8.22 6.76 6.53 <5 6.85 <5 5.46 <5 <5 <5 447 8.74 8.33 8.92 8.49 6.88 7.08 <5 7.57 <5 5.65 <5 <5 <5 448 8.8 8.41 8.64 7.96 7.31 6.38 <5 6.37 <5 5.57 <5 ~5.11 <5 449 8.61 8.45 8.37 7.84 7.2 6.77 <5 6.86 <5 5.63 <5 <5 <5 450 8.69 8.54 8.53 7.97 7.26 7.07 <5 7.21 <5 5.6 <5 <5 <5 452 8.54 8.19 7.9 7.81 7.44 7.81 <5 7.94 ~5.16 6.4 <5 5.06 <5 453 7.98 7.74 8 6.88 6.64 5.68 <5 5.76 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 134 8.72 8.47 8.31 8.08 6.98 7.66 <5 7.69 <5 5.39 <5 <5 <5 8.63 8.55 8.45 8.21 6.98 7.79 <5 7.95 <5 5.76 <5 <5 <5 454 8.77 8.43 8.67 8.17 7.35 6.74 <5 7.19 <5 5.83 <5 <5 <5 455 8.54 8.34 8.28 8.1 7.21 7.1 <5 7.22 <5 5.74 <5 <5 <5 456 8.74 8.47 8.5 8.05 7.13 6.44 <5 6.6 ~5.22 5.69 <5 <5 <5  96 7.6 7.7 7.51 6.74 6.32 5.77 <5 5.9 ~5.21 ~5.06 <5 ~5 <5 457 9.08 8.58 8.85 8.07 7.3 6.19 <5 6.31 ~5.25 5.46 <5 ~5.11 ~5.05 458 8.44 8.31 8.55 7.89 6.97 6.79 <5 6.81 <5 5.28 <5 <5 <5 44/44a 8.1 7.98 7.84 7.51 6.51 6.06 <5 6.09 <5 5.04 <5 <5 <5 459 8.24 8.06 8.18 7.54 6.76 6.27 <5 6.84 <5 5.15 <5 <5 <5 460 7.76 8.04 8.17 6.94 7.05 6.7 <5 ~6.69 <5 5.53 <5 <5 <5 463 8.54 7.65 7.42 <5 6.04 <5 <5 <5 464 8.58 8.65 8.57 8.4 7.88 6.86 <5 7.34 <5 5.71 <5 <5 <5 465 8.31 8.36 8.38 7.4 7.06 6.34 <5 6.73 ~5.15 5.35 <5 <5 <5 467 9.05 8.69 8.77 8.33 7.43 7.76 <5 7.95 <5 5.77 <5 <5 <5 468 8.02 7.71 7.72 7.16 6.61 5.52 <5 5.61 <5 ~5.04 <5 <5 <5 469 9.23 8.76 8.77 8.52 7.4 8.12 <5 8.08 <5 5.8 <5 <5 <5 470 8.75 8.56 8.55 7.83 7.1 6.6 <5 7.03 <5 5.38 <5 <5 <5 472 8.69 8.61 8.63 8.08 7.58 7.32 <5 7.62 <5 5.57 <5 <5 <5 474 8.39 8.48 8.37 7.75 7.9 5.8 ~5.56 6.04 ~5.5 ~5.62 ~5.29 ~5.37 ~5.38 135 9.11 8.75 8.86 8.47 7.74 7.79 <5 7.83 ~5.11 5.82 <5 <5 <5 475 ~7.88 7.83 8.35 7.24 6.85 6.08 <5 6.06 <5 5.09 <5 <5 <5 476 8.32 8.6 9.15 8.37 7.57 6.85 <5 7.02 <5 5.46 <5 5.53 <5 477 8.06 7.96 8.39 7.46 6.74 5.92 <5 5.98 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 478 7.91 7.97 8.06 7.01 7.02 5.44 <5 5.7 <5 5.04 <5 <5 <5 136 8.82 8.66 8.64 8.36 7.63 8.02 <5 8.06 ~5.11 5.88 <5 ~5.06 <5 480 8.9 8.64 8.68 8 7.57 6.7 ~5.24 6.78 ~5.36 5.89 ~5.1 ~5.3 ~5.25  97 8.38 8.51 8.94 7.86 6.95 6.96 <5 7 <5 5.62 <5 5.06 <5 8.13 8.19 8.75 7.9 6.94 6.38 <5 6.8 <5 5.12 <5 <5 <5  98 8.88 8.56 9.03 8.32 7.21 7.01 <5 7.25 <5 5.28 <5 <5 <5 8.64 8.62 8.96 8.24 6.79 7.13 <5 7.59 <5 5.82 <5 <5 <5 481 8.64 8.49 9.07 8.42 6.92 6.89 <5 7.3 <5 5.27 <5 <5 <5 482 8.95 8.6 8.79 8 7.59 6.49 <5 6.45 <5 5.59 <5 <5 <5 483 8.82 8.74 8.88 8.32 7.69 6.41 <5 6.82 <5 5.68 <5 <5 <5 485 8.25 8.16 7.97 7.3 7.75 7.33 <5 7.39 <5 5.91 <5 5.13 <5 486 8.57 8.45 8.38 7.7 7.01 6.34 <5 6.71 <5 5.17 <5 <5 <5 487 8.35 8.36 8.29 7.62 7.48 6.35 <5 6.4 ~5.25 ~5.56 <5 ~5.14 ~5 488 7.99 8.12 8.02 7.26 6.73 6.11 <5 6.5 <5 5.32 <5 <5 <5 7.92 7.88 8.01 7.41 6.65 5.7 <5 6.58 <5 5.13 <5 <5 <5 489 8.9 8.55 8.79 8.11 7.54 7.42 <5 7.9 <5 6.34 <5 ~5.1 <5 490 8.62 8.65 8.5 7.88 6.9 7.02 <5 7.26 <5 5.78 <5 <5 <5 493 8.67 8.53 8.57 7.95 6.99 7.27 <5 7.35 <5 5.79 <5 5.25 <5 494 9.21 8.64 8.99 8.26 7.69 7.11 <5 7.22 <5 6 <5 ~5.11 <5 495 8.17 8.35 8.24 7.58 6.93 6.7 <5 6.9 <5 5.47 <5 <5 <5 137 8.79 8.47 8.37 8.12 6.98 7.57 <5 7.74 <5 5.88 <5 <5 <5 119 7.8 7.89 7.64 6.92 6.13 5.71 <5 5.94 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 498 8.33 8.3 8.42 6.85 7.05 6.73 <5 7.06 <5 5.65 <5 5.01 <5  99 9.07 8.72 9.09 8.95 7.02 7.54 <5 8.12 <5 5.63 <5 <5 <5 8.99 8.79 9.19 8.79 7.29 7.73 <5 8.11 <5 5.59 <5 <5 <5 138 8.5 8.32 8.56 7.06 7.34 6.92 <5 6.98 <5 6.16 <5 5.39 <5 8.34 8.3 8.52 7.07 7.16 6.64 <5 7.11 <5 5.81 <5 5.11 <5 8.53 8.5 8.6 7.13 7.49 6.95 ~5.18 6.83 5.25 6.21 5.29 5.61 5.17 499 8.74 8.4 8.56 8.13 7.5 7.39 <5 7.7 <5 6.09 <5 ~5.16 <5 500 8.73 8.55 8.58 7.36 7.66 7.06 <5 7.24 <5 6.29 <5 <5 <5 8.71 8.15 8.62 7.53 7.71 501 8.7 8.75 8.56 7.95 7.12 7.19 <5 7.08 <5 5.88 <5 <5 <5 502 8.76 8.75 8.62 8.06 7.2 7.44 <5 7.49 <5 5.96 <5 <5 <5 503 8.91 8.74 8.96 8.65 7.83 7.83 <5 7.9 <5 6.32 <5 <5 <5 139 8.18 8.28 8.39 7.87 6.86 7.02 <5 6.97 <5 5.29 <5 <5 <5 504 9.06 8.9 8.93 8.27 7.39 7.01 <5 6.62 <5 5.15 <5 <5 <5 8.99 8.82 8.83 8.1 7.39 6.95 <5 6.71 <5 5.16 <5 <5 <5 140 8.22 8.33 8.5 8.07 7.12 6.42 <5 7.04 <5 5.5 <5 <5 <5 8.59 8.68 8.71 8.16 7.48 6.82 <5 7.16 <5 5.53 <5 <5 <5 506 7.55 7.91 7.87 6.92 6.7 6.13 <5 6.27 <5 5.37 <5 <5 <5 507 8.1 8.22 8.22 7.32 6.66 6.51 <5 6.41 <5 5.22 <5 <5 <5 508 7.56 7.89 7.96 6.97 7.07 6.44 <5 6.19 <5 5.31 <5 <5 <5 509 8.57 8.43 >8 <5 7.05 <5 5.31 <5 510 8.25 8.34 8.1 7.34 6.89 6.95 <5 6.76 <5 5.53 <5 <5 <5 141 9.01 8.82 9.22 8.42 7.63 7.49 <5 7.58 <5 6.16 <5 <5 <5 8.9 8.45 8.92 8.37 7.49 6.86 <5 6.99 <5 5.68 <5 <5 <5 511 8.08 8.13 8 7.55 7.46 7.71 <5 8.1 <5 6.94 <5 5.68 <5 512 8.6 8.62 8.52 7.88 7.13 7.72 <5 7.75 <5 5.73 <5 <5 <5 513 8.86 8.7 9.08 8.17 7.27 7.12 <5 7.15 <5 5.68 <5 <5 <5 514 8.31 8.56 8.45 7.81 7.51 6.91 <5 7 <5 5.94 <5 <5 <5 515 7.77 7.94 7.47 6.73 6.63 6.13 ~5.24 6.34 5.29 ~5.45 5.19 ~5.33 ~5.09  35 7.3 7.45 7.32 6.39 6.21 5.72 <5 5.64 <5 5.08 <5 5.41 <5 517 7.95 8.22 8.32 7.54 7.34 6.77 <5 7.01 <5 5.89 <5 <5 <5 518 8.37 8.55 8.2 7.43 7.2 7.02 <5 7.58 5.2 6.08 <5 5.25 <5 519 8.74 8.62 8.62 8.1 7.07 7.5 <5 7.3 <5 5.74 <5 <5 <5 102 8.53 8.47 8.52 7.78 7.24 7.07 <5 7.37 <5 5.93 <5 <5 <5 521 8.76 8.77 8.56 8.42 7.74 8.17 <5 8.19 <5 6.3 <5 5.01 <5 522 8.71 8.51 8.51 7.93 6.98 7.52 <5 7.58 <5 ~6.02 <5 <5 <5 523 8.14 8.42 8.44 8.08 6.68 6.6 <5 6.84 <5 5.22 <5 <5 <5 142 8.36 8.39 8.53 7.97 6.75 6.7 <5 6.94 <5 5.48 <5 <5 <5 524 8.75 8.55 8.71 8.11 7.61 6.85 <5 7.2 <5 5.75 <5 <5 <5 525 8.03 8.43 8.49 7.72 6.64 6.73 <5 7.05 <5 5.54 <5 <5 <5 526 8.29 8.47 8.32 7.76 7.07 7.42 <5 7.48 <5 5.86 <5 <5 <5 527 8.18 8.26 8.42 7.77 7.69 6.32 <5 6.67 ~5.01 5.94 ~5.02 5.11 <5 143 8.01 8.21 7.95 7.3 7.03 6.66 <5 7.02 <5 5.75 <5 <5 <5 528 8.44 8.58 8.24 7.54 7.44 6.89 <5 7.18 <5 6.19 <5 <5 <5 529 8.64 8.52 8.47 8.06 7.35 7.27 <5 7.51 5.13 6.07 ~5 5.12 <5 530 8.44 8.59 8.43 7.62 7.46 6.92 <5 7.34 5.21 6.34 <5 5.1 <5  10 8.21 8.12 8.21 7.96 6.43 6.97 <5 7.13 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 531 8.57 8.67 8.65 7.97 7.34 7.36 <5 7.68 <5 6.24 <5 <5 <5  36 7.97 8.29 8.66 7.6 6.84 6.35 <5 6.59 <5 5.52 <5 5.13 <5 532 7.28 7.36 7.22 6.47 6.24 5.82 <5 6.09 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 533 8.76 8.65 8.49 8.01 7.34 7.37 <5 7.63 <5 6.31 <5 <5 <5 534 8.63 8.66 8.46 7.92 7.1 7.41 <5 7.74 <5 6.16 <5 <5 <5 535 8.81 8.7 8.4 8.18 7.43 7.48 <5 7.99 5.15 6.35 <5 <5 <5 536 7.03 7.33 7.7 6.76 <6 5.66 <5 5.85 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 537 8.16 8.14 7.93 7.23 6.95 6.2 <5 6.18 <5 5.33 <5 5.12 <5 538 7.25 7.52 7.8 6.99 6.38 5.39 <5 5.44 <5 5.18 <5 <5 <5 7.25 7.52 7.8 6.99 6.38 5.39 <5 5.44 <5 5.18 <5 <5 <5 144 7.92 8.31 8.41 7.52 7 6.45 <5 6.58 <5 5.34 <5 <5 <5 539 7.76 8.1 7.79 7.15 6.35 6.5 <5 6.65 <5 5.35 <5 <5 <5 603 8.53 8.56 8.22 7.6 7.14 7.52 <5 7.51 <5 5.74 <5 <5 <5 540 8.32 8.28 8.35 7.57 6.68 7.24 <5 7.37 <5 5.5 <5 <5 <5 541 8.62 8.81 8.66 8.13 7.56 7.67 <5 7.83 <5 6.38 <5 <5 <5 542 8.52 8.5 8.59 8.24 7.14 6.67 <5 6.77 <5 5.11 <5 <5 <5 543 8.7 8.54 8.39 7.73 7.18 7.52 <5 7.62 <5 5.68 <5 <5 <5 544 8.14 8.11 7.71 7.08 6.71 6.66 <5 6.79 <5 5.37 <5 <5 <5  41 8.73 8.78 8.83 8.3 7.57 7.35 <5 7.36 <5 5.93 <5 <5 <5  33 8.73 8.75 8.51 8.17 7.47 7.88 <5 7.87 <5 6.02 <5 5.07 <5  43 8.55 8.62 8.24 7.6 7.16 6.94 ~5.26 7.04 ~5.34 5.65 ~5.3 ~5.42 ~5.27 546 8.69 8.6 8.45 8.15 6.9 8.31 <5 8.09 <5 5.56 <5 <5 <5 547 7.48 7.62 7.86 6.89 6.58 6.13 <5 6.3 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 548 8.53 8.71 8.39 8.13 7.18 7.86 <5 7.96 ~5.14 5.89 ~5.02 5.14 <5 551 8.33 8.51 8.6 7.72 7.63 6.88 <5 7.1 <5 5.95 <5 <5 <5 552 8.14 8.4 8.01 7.11 7.43 7.35 <5 7.07 <5 6.08 <5 5.09 <5 553 8.31 8.36 8.27 7.85 7.17 7.26 <5 7.2 <5 5.88 <5 <5 <5 554 8.14 8.32 8.22 7.89 7.2 7.14 <5 7.07 <5 6 ~5.04 5.15 <5 556 7.88 8.15 8.01 7.38 6.93 6.23 <5 6.21 <5 5.16 <5 <5 <5 557 7.82 8.12 8.01 6.97 6.61 6.09 <5 6.22 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 558 8.39 8.56 8.32 7.66 6.78 7.01 <5 6.99 ~5.17 5.55 5.09 5.44 <5 103 8.7 8.73 8.75 8.06 7.47 7.37 <5 7.3 <5 5.95 <5 5.07 <5 559 8.6 8.61 8.39 7.71 6.44 7.3 <5 7.19 <5 5.58 <5 <5 <5 145 8.72 8.72 8.48 7.92 6.7 7.68 <5 7.67 <5 5.52 <5 <5 <5 561 7.5 7.9 8.05 7.03 6.52 6.2 <5 6.31 <5 5.18 <5 <5 <5 562 8.57 8.49 8.3 7.86 7.39 7.49 <5 ~7.7 <5 5.9 <5 <5 <5 563 8 8.35 8.11 7.32 7.97 6.23 <5 6.28 <5 5.72 <5 5.09 <5 564 8.37 8.51 8.26 7.71 7.23 7.11 <5 6.91 <5 5.77 <5 <5 <5 565 8.1 8.28 8.47 7.58 6.95 6.44 <5 6.64 <5 5.24 <5 <5 <5 566 7 7.22 7.27 6.51 <6 5.83 <5 5.88 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 567 7.18 7.23 7.32 6.82 6.17 6.1 <5 6.24 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 568 8.57 8.65 8.9 7.91 7.11 6.85 <5 7.06 <5 5.52 <5 <5 <5 569 7.77 7.81 7.78 6.93 6.7 5.85 <5 6.05 <5 ~5.09 <5 <5 <5 146 8.62 8.67 8.78 7.79 6.96 6.98 <5 7.01 <5 5.23 <5 <5 <5 110 8.25 8.19 8.2 7.66 7.39 7.46 <5 7.81 <5 6.09 <5 <5 <5 570 8.88 8.95 8.71 8.26 7.47 7.46 <5 7.81 ~5.03 5.89 <5 5.18 <5 577 8.43 8.42 8.18 7.75 7.28 7.74 <5 7.74 <5 6.26 <5 <5 <5 578 8.76 8.9 8.6 8.22 7.53 8.03 <5 8.11 ~5.04 6.51 <5 5.2 <5 581 ~8.76 3 8.28 7.94 6.95 7.82 <5 7.94 <5 5.82 <5 ~5.04 <5 582 7.49 7.68 7.72 7.08 6.57 5.5 <5 5.97 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 583 7.97 7.22 7.2 <5 5.82 <5 <5 <5 584 7.85 8.08 8.05 7.4 6.57 6.68 <5 6.72 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 585 8.32 8.36 8.15 7.21 7.4 6.74 <5 6.6 ~5.1 6.05 <5 5.25 <5 586 8.54 8.67 8.65 7.94 7.2 7.75 <5 7.62 <5 5.69 <5 <5 <5 105 8.69 8.51 8.74 8.03 7.52 7.99 <5 7.78 <5 5.97 <5 <5 <5 147 7.99 8.2 8.28 7.45 6.9 6.68 <5 6.78 <5 ~5.07 <5 <5 <5 588 8.01 7.95 8.04 6.63 7.02 120 8.71 8.34 8.42 8.13 7.37 6.77 <5 6.93 <5 5.6 <5 <5 <5 589 7.76 7.91 7.99 6.61 6.72 590 8.64 8.5 8.4 7.95 7.96 592 8.78 8.68 8.49 8.01 6.87 7.1 <5 7.17 <5 5.71 <5 5.21 <5 593 8.56 8.55 9 8.49 6.87 6.99 <5 7.35 <5 5.49 <5 <5 <5 148 8.93 8.74 9.21 8.6 6.86 7.3 <5 >8 <5 5.49 <5 <5 <5 149 8.36 8.4 8.63 7.93 6.56 6.88 <5 7.26 <5 5.12 <5 <5 <5 100 8.74 8.21 8.43 7.67 6.6 6.28 <5 6.43 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 101 8.12 7.69 8.05 7.34 6.44 6.59 <5 6.44 <5 ~5.01 <5 <5 <5 14/14a 8.76 8.3 8.75 8.25 7.16 6.93 <5 7.28 <5 5.37 <5 <5 <5 594 8.71 8.29 8.8 7.23 7.48 6.75 <5 ~7.11 <5 5.53 <5 5.15 <5 595 8.15 7.55 7.66 7.03 6.52 5.28 <5 5.27 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 604 9.12 8.47 8.51 8.34 7.65 ~7.59 <5 ~7.54 <5 6.06 <5 5.07 <5 608 8.33 8.12 8 7.35 6.99 6.7 <5 6.88 <5 5.07 <5 <5 <5 609 8.42 8.13 8.09 7.42 6.91 6.63 <5 6.6 <5 5.22 <5 5.06 5 610 8.68 8.21 8.29 7.68 7.25 6.92 <5 ~7.13 <5 5.14 <5 <5 <5 611 8.47 8.12 8.29 7.83 6.57 6.63 <5 6.93 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 697 8.66 8.37 8.4 7.89 7.26 7.26 <5 6.7 <5 5.82 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8.6 8.41 9.08 7.77 7.32 6.49 <5 6.79 <5 5.59 <5 5.11 <5 707 8.17 7.63 8.23 6.8 7.11 6.09 <5 6.13 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 647 9.04 8.61 8.92 7.74 7.34 6.88 <5 7.04 <5 <5 <5 5.19 <5 708 8.11 7.85 7.94 7.47 6.65 5.92 <5 6.2 <5 4.99 <5 ~5 <5 709 8.45 8.24 8.42 7.7 7.42 6.22 5.04 6.31 ~5.02 5.28 <5 5.32 5.14 710 7.55 7.48 7.65 6.81 6.39 5.75 <5 6.08 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 7011  8.79 8.43 9.02 8.27 7.41 7.24 <5 ~7.38 <5 5.79 <5 5.13 <5 712 7.42 7.41 7.69 6.82 6.96 5.65 <5 5.95 <5 5.24 <5 <5 <5 616 9.11 8.24 8.14 7.68 7.39 7.22 <5 ~6.99 <5 5.59 <5 5.04 <5 713 7.88 8.01 8.12 7.59 7.01 7.07 <5 6.69 <5 5.33 <5 <5 <5 619 8.49 8.3 7.91 7.5 7.03 7.23 ~5.18 6.81 ~5.28 5.41 ~5.2 ~5.35 ~5.33 714 7.24 7.38 7.18 7.04 6.06 5.58 <5 ~5.6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 690 7.98 8.01 7.97 7.53 6.34 7.9 5.02 ~7.97 ~5.02 <5 <5 5.15 <5 8.37 7.89 8.24 7.73 6.2 7.49 5.26 ~7.62 <5 5.13 5 5.24 5.01 716 8.22 8.14 7.82 7.27 7.01 6.97 <5 ~6.57 <5 5.59 <5 5.36 <5 717 8.8 8.36 8.76 8.06 7.32 7.19 <5 ~6.69 <5 5.56 <5 <5 <5 718 8.38 8.09 8.19 7.9 6.98 5.61 <5 5.46 <5 <5 <5 5.04 <5 719 6.36 6.36 6.6 6.27 6.08 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 721 6.88 6.99 6.65 <6 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 722 7.96 7.92 7.54 7.35 6.72 5.62 ~5.24 5.53 ~5.24 5.19 5.21 5.31 ~5.23 724 8.81 8.2 8.49 7.77 7.05 7.3 <5 ~6.99 <5 5.92 <5 <5 <5 620 7.73 7.5 7.7 6.91 7.02 6.17 <5 6.46 <5 5.11 <5 <5 <5 725 8.72 8.18 8.73 7.75 7.13 7.29 <5 6.96 <5 5.73 <5 5.07 <5 727 8.8 8.33 8.29 8.12 7.04 7.44 5.21 6.91 ~5.14 5.8 <5 ~5.16 <5 728 8.58 8.42 8.49 7.81 7.22 6.87 <5 6.81 <5 5.53 <5 <5 <5 621 8.57 8.22 8.25 7.66 7.49 6.87 <5 7.02 <5 5.64 <5 <5 <5 729 8.8 8.04 8.01 7.8 7.5 7.68 5.17 7.13 ~5.21 6.33 <5 5.33 5.14 730 9.12 8.53 9.11 8.79 7.47 7.52 5.03 6.99 <5 6.13 <5 <5 <5 731 8.08 7.8 8.03 7.64 6.85 7.28 5.15 7.26 5.14 5.21 5.04 5.24 5.12 732 8.84 8.38 8.92 8.16 6.77 6.9 <5 7.09 <5 5.14 <5 <5 <5 733 8.93 8.47 8.7 8.25 7.18 7.8 5.12 6.98 ~5.15 5.92 <5 ~5.11 <5 734 6.59 6.36 6.46 6.15 6.21 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 624 8.73 8.2 8.78 7.64 7.4 735 8.56 8.18 8.92 7.77 7.23 6.6 5.52 6.59 <5 <5 <5 5.81 5.2 736 8.19 7.75 8.48 7.72 6.78 6.65 <5 6.4 <5 5.4 <5 5.31 <5 625 8.51 8.12 8.85 8.11 7.33 6.54 <5 6.45 <5 <5 <5 5.22 <5 737 8.7 ~8.19 8.85 7.89 7.42 7.21 ~5.01 6.72 ~5.05 5.71 ~5.02 5.45 <5 652 7.31 7.31 7.65 6.96 <6 7.1 <5 7.37 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 7.65 7.44 7.46 7.23 6.43 7 <5 ~7.4 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 7.71 7.41 7.62 7.18 6.45 7.05 <5 7.39 <5 <5 <5 5.15 <5 650 9.17 8.43 8.5 8.19 7.95 7.05 5.35 7 ~5.23 6.01 5.42 5.37 5.32 738 8.19 7.91 7.96 7.94 5.78 8.17 5.11 8.59 <5 <5 <5 5.08 <5 8.67 8.1 8.38 8.29 6.31 8.59 5.53 8.04 <5 5.06 5.03 5.16 <5 739 7.77 7.47 7.6 7.36 6.52 6.51 <5 6.29 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 740 8.18 8.19 8.1 7.54 6.43 7.68 5.47 7.71 <5 5.46 5.13 5.32 <5 8.38 7.99 8.21 7.84 6.63 7.77 5.25 7.67 <5 5.34 5.23 5.35 <5 651 9.44 8.54 8.47 8.07 7.7 8.15 <5 7.65 ~5.12 5.61 5.75 5.24 <5 617 8.62 8.25 8.82 7.91 7.11 7.21 5.21 7.06 <5 5.86 <5 5.47 <5 741 6.87 6.39 6.77 6.23 <6 5.55 5.08 5.35 <5 5.04 <5 5.08 <5 742 6.92 6.51 6.7 <6 <6 5.98 <5 6.14 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 618 9.34 8.76 8.55 8.21 7.63 7.81 <5 ~7.19 <5 6.04 <5 5.1 <5 743 8.57 8.28 8.64 7.85 7.58 6.58 <5 5.88 <5 5.51 <5 5.01 <5 8.42 8.14 8.56 7.71 7.57 6.41 ~5.02 6.41 <5 5.55 ~5 5.11 <5 744 8.85 8.53 8.34 7.71 7.19 7.28 5.37 7.32 ~5.25 6.1 5.4 5.41 5.21 745 6.58 6.4 6.54 6.42 <6 5.23 <5 5.15 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 746 8.26 7.98 8.35 7.84 6.74 6.72 <5 6.95 <5 5.22 <5 5.65 <5 747 7.55 7.33 7.32 7.16 6.4 6.56 ~5.06 6.28 <5 5.04 <5 5.06 <5 689 7.48 7.37 7.24 7.04 6.22 6.62 5.12 6.34 <5 5.01 <5 5.21 <5 749 7.31 7.35 7.46 7.11 6.17 5.57 <5 5.92 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 622 7.26 7.11 7.42 6.92 6.2 5.64 <5 5.91 <5 5.1 <5 <5 <5 688 8.58 8.13 7.9 7.98 6.33 8.7 5.27 8.69 <5 5.1 5.06 5.13 5.04 8.77 8.37 8.64 8.13 ~6.33 8.56 5.32 8.5 ~5.03 5.11 5.09 5.2 5.08 8.96 8.28 8.46 8.18 6.22 8.54 5.2 ~7.02 <5 <5 5.04 5.27 5.05 750 8.72 8.26 8.3 7.95 6.51 7.72 5.87 7.51 ~5.59 5.65 5.61 5.66 ~5.53 752 7.12 6.64 6.79 6.43 6.08 5.85 5.17 5.99 ~5.14 5.29 5.21 5.33 5.17 753 6.65 6.49 6.6 6.16 <6 5.38 <5 5.59 <5 <5 <5 5.09 <5 754 8.23 8.15 7.99 6.68 7.01 5.73 <5 5.58 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 755 8.04 7.77 8.07 7.49 6.75 6.2 5.01 6.29 <5 5.37 <5 5.6 5.02 756 8.87 8.54 8.37 7.89 7.47 7.67 <5 ~7.75 <5 6.08 <5 <5 <5 757 8.85 8.41 8.3 7.71 7.37 7.5 <5 ~7.44 <5 6.04 <5 <5 <5 758 8.06 8.14 7.75 6.83 6.68 6.11 <5 6.05 <5 5.13 <5 <5 <5 653 8.21 8.02 7.96 7.55 6.46 7.8 5.22 ~8.21 ~5.08 5.23 5.14 5.31 ~5.09 759 8.11 8.07 7.86 7.2 7.52 6.32 5.96 6.45 5.69 5.84 5.81 6.12 5.91 760 8.22 8.35 8.25 7.75 ~6.55 7.61 5.85 7.94 5.61 5.76 5.69 5.98 5.74 623 8.09 7.97 7.5 7.42 6.61 6.76 <5 7.03 <5 5.54 <5 <5 <5 761 8 7.75 7.9 7.19 6.99 5.72 <5 5.75 <5 5.09 <5 <5 <5 762 7.04 6.54 6.66 6.18 <6 5.15 <5 5.09 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 763 7.39 7.14 7.62 6.41 <6 5.75 <5 5.77 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 764 8.75 8.47 8.15 7.69 <6 7.16 5.17 6.99 ~5.08 5.75 ~5 5.19 5.02 765 7.98 8.01 8.19 7.54 7.41 7.18 <5 7.63 <5 5.08 <5 5.12 <5 766 6.87 6.64 6.71 6.27 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 767 8.19 7.79 7.89 7.45 6.7 7.07 5.69 7.28 ~5.56 <5 5.6 5.67 5.53 768 8.6 8.16 8 7.16 <6 6.46 <5 6.38 <5 5.31 <5 <5 <5 770 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7.43 7.32 7.46 6.75 6.69 6.57 <5 6.69 <5 5.16 <5 <5 <5 629 7.59 7.59 7.66 6.7 6.64 6.83 <5 7.04 <5 5.08 <5 <5 <5 780 8.66 8.23 8.46 8.32 7.05 7.7 <5 ~7.96 <5 5.37 <5 <5 <5 781 8.23 8.11 8.34 7.78 6.86 7.08 <5 7.15 <5 5.14 <5 <5 <5 782 8.66 8.38 8.13 7.78 7.74 7.59 <5 7.44 <5 5.86 <5 <5 <5 634 8.05 7.82 7.75 7.56 <6 7.96 5.23 8.03 <5 <5 <5 5.05 <5 783 7.69 7.67 7.81 6.73 6.7 6.3 <5 6.24 <5 5.31 <5 <5 <5 784 7.08 7.15 7.21 6.82 6.42 5.4 <5 5.88 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 785 8.18 7.91 7.84 7.45 7.11 8.58 <5 8.23 <5 5.06 <5 <5 <5 786 7.9 7.79 7.89 7.46 6.32 7.72 5.16 7.97 <5 5.07 5.05 5.13 5.02 787 7.56 7.36 7.48 7.17 6.26 7.31 5.13 7.72 <5 5.11 5.07 5.12 ~5 788 8.62 8.34 8.28 7.83 6.27 8.35 5.11 8.47 <5 5.05 <5 5.13 <5 789 8.75 8.23 8.33 8.01 6.1 8.55 <5 8.61 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 790 6.56 6.59 6.53 <6 <6 5.21 <5 5.23 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 791 7.9 7.77 7.68 7.83 6.86 8.11 5.17 8.38 <5 5.66 5.04 5.2 <5 792 7.81 7.69 7.73 7.4 6.45 7.33 5.43 7.75 <5 5.51 ~5 5.34 5.12 793 7.15 7.05 6.92 6.64 <6 6.94 5.72 7.32 5.38 5.41 5.38 5.5 5.4 631 8.15 8.24 7.53 6.89 6.47 6.51 5.2 6.49 ~5.14 5.33 ~5.1 5.29 ~5.09 794 7.78 7.85 7.48 6.84 6.06 6.16 <5 6.11 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 795 8.5 8.15 8.18 8.3 5.71 8.32 5.36 8.63 ~5.18 5.3 5.27 5.43 ~5.25 796 7.21 7.05 7.12 6.76 6.1 6.83 <5 7.23 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 798 7.53 7.66 7.72 7.06 6.02 6.08 <5 6.33 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 659 8.26 8.11 8.59 7.56 6.75 6.69 <5 7.12 <5 5.15 <5 5.01 <5 662 7.55 7.69 7.63 7.26 7.11 6 <5 6.21 <5 5.27 <5 <5 <5 799 7.42 7.6 7.57 7.13 6.95 6.76 <5 6.87 <5 5.52 <5 <5 <5 661 8.71 8.53 8.63 7.72 7.05 6.72 <5 6.66 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 660 8.98 8.6 8.9 8.09 7.23 7.16 <5 7.14 <5 5.18 <5 <5 <5 633 8.29 8.37 8.53 7.81 6.81 6.76 <5 6.85 <5 5.38 <5 <5 <5 800 7.9 7.8 7.74 7.28 6.44 6.66 5.47 6.85 ~5.33 5.48 5.5 5.42 5.41 801 7.58 7.55 7.65 7.19 6.49 5.74 <5 5.77 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 802 8.68 8.44 8.85 7.77 7.25 6.71 <5 6.99 <5 5.17 <5 <5 <5 803 8.4 8.14 8.42 7.16 7.02 6.59 <5 6.67 <5 5.16 <5 <5 <5 636 7.35 7.4 7.12 6.5 6.01 5.66 <5 5.95 <5 5.11 <5 <5 <5 637 7.11 7.33 6.94 6.68 <6 5.65 <5 6.05 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 804 8.16 8.02 7.72 7.5 <6 8.44 5.12 8.61 <5 5.15 5.09 5.1 5.06 805 7.71 7.63 7.59 7.33 <6 7.13 <5 7.63 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 806 7.04 6.75 6.75 <6 <6 5.14 <5 5.06 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 807 7.05 6.86 7 6.71 <6 5.58 <5 5.79 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 808 7.32 7.03 7.14 6.6 6.19 5.96 <5 6 <5 5.22 <5 5.04 <5 809 7.89 7.49 7.73 7.32 6.02 7.47 5.23 ~7.53 <5 5.09 5.11 5.13 5.01 810 7.73 7.67 7.88 7.2 6.91 6.26 5.59 6.24 <5 5.71 <5 5.28 <5 635 8.05 7.97 7.94 7.48 6.75 6.59 <5 ~6.53 <5 5.25 <5 <5 <5 811 7.58 7.47 7.6 7.09 6.78 6.14 <5 ~6.03 <5 5.15 <5 <5 <5 812 8.25 8.09 8.03 7.19 6.72 7.07 <5 6.8 <5 5.21 <5 <5 <5 813 8.86 8.59 8.8 8.67 7.93 8.63 <5 8.27 <5 6.87 <5 5.5 <5 814 7.35 7.47 7.56 7.18 <6 7.03 5.1 7.14 <5 5.03 <5 <5 <5 815 7.48 7.62 7.82 7.03 6.37 6.42 <5 6.3 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 816 6.96 7.09 7.29 6.63 ~6.03 6.81 <5 6.93 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 817 7.65 7.59 7.77 7.27 6.25 7.35 5.12 ~7.49 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 640 7.25 7.64 7.72 7.41 6.61 5.82 <5 5.62 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 819 7.74 7.78 7.93 6.95 7.12 6.28 <5 6.17 <5 5.47 <5 <5 <5 687 8.75 8.45 8.31 7.95 7.76 >8 5.22 >8 <5 7.61 <5 5.85 <5 820 6.79 7.08 7.04 6.27 <6 5.74 <5 5.81 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 632 8.81 8.63 8.92 7.86 6.98 7.23 5.16 7.03 <5 5.69 <5 5.1 <5 821 8.86 8.53 8.68 8.56 7.85 >8 <5 >8 <5 6.61 <5 4.99 <5 822 9.03 8.79 9.1 8.45 7.65 7.82 <5 7.66 <5 6.2 <5 5.19 <5 823 7.13 6.92 7.08 6.31 <6 5.71 <5 5.7 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 824 7.36 7.49 7.57 7.12 <6 6.04 <5 6.1 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 825 8.08 8.24 8.47 7.86 7.04 6.64 <5 6.81 <5 5.3 <5 <5 <5 826 8.76 8.51 8.62 8.36 7.64 9.22 5.14 9.41 <5 5.97 5.09 5.32 <5 827 8.73 8.47 8.64 8.5 7.58 9.2 5.33 9.42 5.01 6.33 5.3 5.48 5.15 828 8.28 8.28 8.8 7.69 7.07 7.12 <5 7.22 <5 5.62 <5 <5 <5 829 7.82 7.52 7.54 7 <6 8.22 5.34 8.43 <5 5.11 ~5 5.07 <5 830 7.54 7.6 7.62 6.87 6.15 663 8.81 8.71 ~8.95 8.32 7.39 7.55 <5 ~7.61 <5 6.66 <5 <5 <5 664 7.79 ~7.69 7.98 7 ~6.61 5.64 <5 5.34 5.03 <5 <5 <5 <5 831 7.69 ~8 7.75 7.21 6.42 6.13 5.38 6.76 5.44 5.19 5.23 5.5 5.3 832 6.45 6.61 6.43 <6 <6 5.02 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 833 7.29 7.43 7.4 ~6.5 6.98 5.54 <5 5.78 <5 5.11 <5 <5 <5 834 7.98 8.25 8.48 7.79 6.71 7.07 <5 7.25 <5 5.11 <5 <5 <5 837 8.73 ~8.85 8.6 7.88 7.68 641 9 ~9.05 8.92 8.25 7.43 7.5 <5 6.22 <5 <5 <5 642 8.86 8.98 8.77 8.42 7.74 >8 <5 6.42 <5 <5 <5 838 8.6 7.85 7.05 <5 5.98 <5 <5 <5 839 <6 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 840 8.51 8.13 >8 <5 6.57 <5 5.16 <5 881 5.1 5.2 <5 <5 5.8 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 882 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.1 5.3 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 883 5.7 5.8 5.7 <5 6.2 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 884 6.0 6.3 6.1 5.5 6.2 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 885 7.17 6.92 7.33 6.5 <6 5.33 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 886 7.44 7.67 7.76 7.06 6.31 ~5.49 <5 5.91 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 887 7.41 7.6 7.75 6.91 6.29 5.51 <5 5.71 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 888 6.8 7.07 6.74 <6 <6 5.4 <5 ~5.14 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 889 8.38 8.38 8.39 7.14 7.26 5.27 <5 5.71 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 890 6.46 6.62 6.42 <6 6.21 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 891 7.44 7.43 7.36 6.87 <6 5.96 <5 6.15 <5 <5 <5 5.02 <5 892 6.69 6.89 6.65 <6 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 893 6.36 6.38 6.34 <6 6.09 5.04 <5 5.01 <5 <5 <5 5.07 <5 894 6.98 6.73 6.55 <6 <6 895 7.26 7.16 7.49 6.64 <6 5.44 <5 5.55 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 896 8.47 7.96 7.98 7.4 6.7 6.87 <5 6.87 <5 5.46 <5 <5 <5 897 8.87 8 8.34 7.9 6.83 7.14 <5 7.23 <5 5.59 <5 <5 <5 898 6.77 6.63 6.45 <6 6.16 5.15 <5 ~5.12 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 899 7.09 6.78 6.76 6.42 <6 5.39 <5 5.22 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 900 7.62 7.53 7.54 6.66 <6 5.32 <5 5.33 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 901 7.78 7.7 8.27 7.32 <6 6.37 <5 6.56 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 902 8.48 8.33 8.81 8.33 7.32 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 903 6.87 6.84 7.19 6.07 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 904 7.1 7.26 7.59 6.89 6.09 5.73 <5 6.01 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 905 <6 <6 <6 <6 6.14 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 5.26 5.05 906 7.7 7.21 7.35 6.63 6.25 5.21 <5 5.23 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 907 6.92 6.35 6.91 6.35 <6 5.12 <5 ~5.09 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 908 7.21 6.55 6.83 6.49 <6 7.01 <5 5.41 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 909 6.83 6.83 6.84 6.52 <6 5.2 <5 ~5.03 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 910 6.66 6.18 6.33 6.04 <6 5.12 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 911 6.76 6.57 6.56 6.47 <6 5.04 <5 5.06 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 912 7.19 7.11 7.29 6.64 6.26 5.59 <5 5.65 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 913 <6 ~6 <6 <6 <6 5.1 <5 5.05 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 914 6.8 6.72 6.21 <6 <6 5.08 <5 5.09 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 915 <6 <6 <6 <6 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 916 8 7.69 7.86 7.23 6.63 6.91 <5 6.81 <5 5.26 <5 <5 <5 917 <6 <6 <6 <6 <6 <6 <5 6.09 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 918 7.04 6.99 7.21 6.42 6.08 5.7 <5 ~5.63 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 919 6.59 6.53 6.91 <6 <6 <5 <5 ~5.05 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 920 7.39 7.15 6.87 ~6.31 5.6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 921 ~6.63 6.47 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 922 6.92 7.21 6.75 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 923 7.44 7.67 7.76 7.06 6.31 ~5.49 <5 5.91 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 924 7.44 7.43 7.36 6.87 <6 5.96 <5 6.15 <5 <5 <5 5.02 <5 926 6.69 6.89 6.65 <6 <6 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 925 6.98 6.73 6.55 <6 <6

Biological Assays B FGFR3, VEGFR2 and PDGFR In Vitro Kinase Inhibitory Activity Assays

Enzymes (from Upstate), prepared at 2× final concentration, were incubated with test compounds, biotinylated Flt3 substrate (biotin-VASSDNEYFYVDF) (Cell Signalling Technology Inc.) and ATP in the appropriate assay buffer (Table 1). The reaction was allowed to proceed for 3 hours (FGFR3), 1 hour (VEGFR2, PDGFR-beta) at room temperature on a plate shaker at 700 rpm before being stopped with 35 mM EDTA, pH 8 (FGFR3, VEGFR2) or 55 mM EDTA, pH 8 (PDGFR-beta). 5× detection mix (50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 0.1% BSA, 11.34 nM Eu-anti-pY (PY20) (PerkinElmer) 74 nM SA-XL665 (Cisbio) for FGFR3, 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5, 0.1% BSA, 11.34 nM Eu-anti-pY (PY20), 187.5 nM SA-XL665 for VEGFR2 and 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5, 0.1% BSA, 11.34 nM Eu-anti-pY (PT66) (PerkinElmer), 375 nM SA-XL665 (Cisbio) for PDGFR-beta) was then added to each well and the plate sealed and incubated at room temperature for one hour on a plate shaker at 700 rpm. The plate was then read on a Packard Fusion plate reader or a BMG Pherastar both in TRF mode.

TABLE 1 Final assay conditions for FGFR3, VEGFR2 and PDGFR-beta assays Flt3 substrate Enzyme 1 × Assay Buffer concentration ATP concentration FGFR3 A 0.125 μM    8 μM VEGFR2 B 0.5 μM 0.5 μM PDGFR-beta C   1 μM  70 μM Kinase Assay buffers were:

A: 50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 6 mM MnCl₂, 1 mM DTT, 0.01% TritonX-100

B: 50 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 6 mM MnCl₂, 1 mM DTT, 0.01% TritonX-100, 0.1 mM Sodium orthovanadate C: 20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 10 mM MnCl₂, 0.01% Triton X-100, 1 mM DTT, 0.1 mM Sodium orthovanadate

FGFR3 and VEGFR2 Data for the compounds of the invention in the above assays are provided in Table A3.

Ba/F3-TEL-FGFR3 & Ba/F3 (WT) Cell Proliferation Assays

Stably transfected Ba/F3-TEL-FGFR3 cells were plated out into black 96-well tissue culture plates with clear bottoms in RPMI medium containing 10% FBS and 0.25 mg/ml G418 at a density of 5×10³ cells/well (200 μl per well). The parental wild-type Ba/F3 cells (DSMZ no.: ACC 300) were plated out into black 96-well tissue culture plates with clear bottoms in RPMI medium containing 10% FBS and 2 ng/ml mouse IL-3 (R&D Systems) at a density of 2.5×10³ cells/well (200 μl per well). Plates were placed in an incubator overnight before adding the compounds the following day. Dilutions of compounds were made in DMSO starting at 10 mM and were diluted into the wells to give a final DMSO concentration of 0.1% in assay. Compounds were left on the cells for 72 hours before the plates were removed from the incubator and 20 μl of Alamar Blue™ (Biosource) was added to each well. Plates were placed in the incubator for 4-6 hours before reading plates at 535 nm (excitation)/590 nm (emission) on a Fusion plate reader (Packard). Where inhibition is high an IC₅₀ can be determined.

Data for the compounds of the invention in the above assays are provided in Table A3.

TABLE A3 FGFR3 VEGFR2 Compound pIC₅₀ pIC₅₀ BAF3_TEL_FGFR3 BAF3_WT number (μM) (μM) pIC₅₀ (μM) pIC₅₀ (μM) 201 8.96 7.31 7.89 5.55  12 8.09 6.66 7.27 5.44  13 7.77 5.96 6.85 215 6.21 222 7.89 5.85 6.74 5.24 228 7.22 5.96  19 8.30 6.72 6.74 5.77  24 6.77 7.43 247 6.77 7.43  70 & 70a 8.54 7.25 8.43 6.31 281 7.31 8.66 282 7.31 8.66 284 9.29 7.70 8.96 5.64 285 9.29 7.70 8.96 5.64  88 & 291 9.19 8.05 9.24 5.72 305 8.72 6.30 7.58  61 8.29 6.80 6.46 5.72 306 7.51 5.82 6.89 307 5.72 6.46 308 8.82 7.57 8.57 311 8.54 6.92 7.96 312 8.77 7.44 6.64 314 7.89 6.31 6.80 30 8.52 6.89 7.58 315 8.42 6.82 7.70  48 7.92 8.92 316 7.80 9.05 328 8.85 7.80 8.06 5.96 329 8.85 7.80 8.06 5.96 331 8.74 7.48 8.60 5.13 332 8.74 7.48 8.60 5.13 371 8.87 7.44 8.20 6.21 372 8.87 7.44 8.20 6.21 374 8.62 6.68 8.21 377 8.49 6.92 8.38 380 9.09 7.64 8.77 5.04 381 8.82 7.17 8.42 108 9.21 7.52 383 9.21 7.52 384 8.80 7.23 9.05 5.28  39 8.58 6.82 7.96  40 8.21 6.37 7.66 386 7.57 6.17 6.92 6.08 389 9.15 6.72 8.43 390 7.57 9.23 391 8.15 7 7.31 392 8.44 7.04 7.92 5.72 393 8.44 7.04 7.92 5.72 404 7 5.82 405 7 5.82 409 9.05 6.70 8.89 5.60 410 9.05 6.70 8.89 5.60 423 7.68 9.17 5.72 424 7.68 9.17 5.72 426 6.82 5.77 427 6.82 5.77 463 7.47 9.34 6.35 466 7.47 9.41 5.46 467 7.47 9.41 5.46 470 & 471 8.74 7.09 8.96 5.80 472 9 7.60 9.04 473 9 7.60 9.04 484 8.70 9.10 6.23 509 8.28 516 5.72 5.21 516 7 6.70 

1. A compound of formula (I):

including any tautomeric or stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein n represents an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; R¹ represents hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OH)₂ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆alkyl)₂; each R^(1a) is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino or —NH(C₃₋₈cycloalkyl), cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, and C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with one or more fluoro atoms; each R² is independently selected from hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₂₋₄alkynyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, haloC₁₋₄alkyl, haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, haloC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl wherein each C₁₋₄alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with —C(═O)—R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with —NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸, —NR⁷R⁸ and —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸; or when two R² groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms they may be taken together to form a radical of formula: —O—(C(R¹⁷)₂)_(p)—O—; —X—CH═CH—; or —CH═N—; wherein R¹⁷ represents hydrogen or fluorine, p represents 1 or 2 and X represents O or S; R³ represents hydroxyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkoxy substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₂₋₆alkenyl, hydroxyC₂₋₆alkynyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with carboxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl-C(═O)—, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups or with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹ and optionally substituted with —O—C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with R⁹, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₂₋₆alkenyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with one or two halogens and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹², C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OH)₂ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —P(═O)(OC₁₋₆alkyl)₂; R⁴ and R⁵ each independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³ or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R¹³; R⁶ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, 4 to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S; said C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, 4 to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl, optionally and each independently being substituted by 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents, each substituent independently being selected from cyano, C₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, halogen, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl-O—C(═O)—, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵; R⁷ and R⁸ each independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl; R⁹ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or 3 to 12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S, said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl, C₃₋₈cycloalkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or 3 to 12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclyl each optionally and each independently being substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents, each substituent independently being selected from ═O, C₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, cyano, cyanoC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with C₁₋₄alkyl-O—C(═O)—, C₁₋₄alkyl-C(═O)—, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl wherein each C₁₋₄alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, halogen, haloC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₄alkyl, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkoxy, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with R¹³, phenyl optionally substituted with R¹⁶, phenylC₁₋₆alkyl wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted with R¹⁶, a 5 or 6-membered aromatic monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S wherein said heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with R¹⁶; or when two of the substituents of R⁹ are attached to the same atom, they may be taken together to form a 4 to 7-membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S; R¹⁰ and R¹¹ each independently represent hydrogen, carboxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, —C(═O)—R⁶, —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵; R¹² represents hydrogen or C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with C₁₋₄alkoxy; R¹³ represents C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or a saturated 4 to 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O or S, wherein said C₃₋₈cycloalkyl or monocyclic heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents each independently selected from halogen, hydroxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, or —NR¹⁴R¹⁵; R¹⁴ and R¹⁵ each independently represent hydrogen, or haloC₁₋₄alkyl, or C₁₋₄alkyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from hydroxyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, amino or mono- or di(C₁₋₄alkyl)amino; R¹⁶ represents hydroxyl, halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, —NR¹⁴R¹⁵ or —C(═O)NR¹⁴R¹⁵; a N-oxide thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof.
 2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ represents hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR⁴R⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR⁴R⁵, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁶, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃; wherein each R^(1a) is hydrogen; wherein R¹⁰ and R¹¹ each independently represent hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxy, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, —C(═O)—R⁶, —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆-alkyl, —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆-alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂-haloC₁₋₆alkyl or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NH—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵.
 3. A compound according to claim 1 wherein each R^(1a) is hydrogen.
 4. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl.
 5. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ represents CH₃— or CD₃-.
 6. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R² is independently selected from halogen, cyano, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₂₋₄alkenyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₄alkoxy, haloC₁₋₄alkoxy, C₁₋₄alkoxyC₁₋₄alkyl, R¹³, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with R¹³, —C(═O)—R¹³, C₁₋₄alkyl substituted with NR⁷R⁸, C₁₋₄alkoxy substituted with NR⁷R⁸, —NR⁷R⁸ and —C(═O)—NR⁷R⁸;
 7. A compound according to claim 6 wherein R² represents C₁₋₆alkyloxy.
 8. A compound according to claim 6 wherein R² represents CH₃O— or CD₃O—.
 9. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkoxyC₁₋₆alkyl wherein each C₁₋₆alkyl may optionally be substituted with one or two hydroxyl groups, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with one or two halogens and —NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—O—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —O—C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with carboxyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹²—S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with hydroxyl and R⁹, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C(R¹²)═N—O—R¹², C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—NR¹⁰R¹¹, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —C(═O)—R⁹, C₂₋₆alkynyl substituted with R⁹, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkoxy, C₂₋₆alkenyl, C₂₋₆alkynyl or R¹³.
 10. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ represents C₁₋₆alkyl, each R^(1a) is hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents C₁₋₄alkoxy, and R³ represents C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —NR¹⁰R¹¹.
 11. A compound according to claim 10 wherein R¹⁰ represents hydrogen or C₁₋₆alkyl, and R¹¹ represents hydrogen, C₁₋₆alkyl, haloC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—C₁₋₆alkyl, —S(═O)₂—NR¹⁴R¹⁵, hydroxyC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)-hydroxyhaloC₁₋₆alkyl, —C(═O)—R⁶, cyanoC₁₋₆alkyl, R⁶, C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with R⁶, —C(═O)-haloC₁₋₆alkyl, or C₁₋₆alkyl substituted with —Si(CH₃)₃.
 12. A compound according to claim 10 wherein R¹⁰ represents hydrogen, —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂ and R¹¹ represents hydrogen, —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CF₃, —CH₂CHF₂ or —CH₂CH₂F, —C(═O)—CH₃, —S(═O)₂—CH₃, —S(═O)₂—CH₂CH₃, —S(═O)₂—CH(CH₃)₂, —S(═O)₂—N(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂OH, —C(═O)—C(OH)(CH₃)CF₃, —C(═O)-cyclopropyl, —CH₂CH₂CN, cyclopropane, cyclopentane, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine, —CH₂C3H₅, —CH₂-tetrahydrofuran, —C(═O)-(1-methyl-piperidin-3-yl), —C(═O)—CF₃, —CH₂Si(CH₃)₃, or —CH₂—C₆H₅.
 13. A compound according to claim 10 wherein R¹ represents —CH₃, each R^(1a) is hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents CH₃O—, and R³ represents —CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂.
 14. A compound according to claim 10 wherein R¹ represents —CH₃, each R^(1a) is hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents CH₃O—, R³ represents —CH₂CH₂—CH₂—NHCH₂CF₃.
 15. A compound according to claim 10 wherein R¹ represents —CH₃, each R^(1a) is hydrogen, n represents an integer equal to 2 and each R² represents CH₃O—, R³ represents —CH₂CH₂NH₂.
 16. A compound as defined in claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.
 17. A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) as defined in claim 1, which process comprises: (i) deprotecting a compound of formula (XXX) wherein P represents a suitable protective group, in the presence of a suitable acid,

or (ii) the reaction of a compound of the formula (IX) or (IX′):

or a protected form thereof, with an appropriately substituted amine or a reactive derivative thereof, such as for example NHR¹⁰R¹¹ (X), NHR¹⁰P (X-a) or a suitable nitrogen containing ring within the definition of R⁹:

for example in a sealed vessel, in the presence of a suitable base, and/or in the presence or absence of a solvent; or (iii) the reaction of a compound of the formula (VI):

or a protected form thereof, with a compound of formula W₆—C₁₋₆alkyl-NR¹⁰P wherein P represents a suitable protective group and W₆ represents a suitable leaving group, in the presence of a suitable base, and a suitable solvent, followed by removing P and optionally removing any further protecting group present; or (iv) the reaction of a compound of the formula (VI):

or a protected thereof, with a compound of formula W₆—C₁₋₆alkyl-NHR¹⁰ wherein W₆ represents a suitable leaving group, in the presence of a suitable base, and a suitable solvent; (v) the reaction of a compound of formula (XXXVI)

with hydrazine in the presence of a suitable solvent; (vi) the reaction of a compound of formula (IX-1) wherein R^(u) represents —O—S(═O)₂—CH₃,

with an intermediate of formula (X) in the presence of a suitable solvent; (vii) the reaction of a compound of formula (VI)

with an intermediate of formula W₁₁—R^(3b) wherein R^(3b) represents optionally substituted C₂₋₆alkynyl and W₁₁ represents a suitable leaving group, in the presence of a suitable base and a suitable solvent; (viii) the reaction of a compound of formula (VIII′) wherein R^(x) and R^(y) represent C₁₋₄alkyl, and R^(z) represent C₁₋₄alkyl or phenyl,

with a suitable acid, in the presence of a suitable solvent; (viii) deprotecting a compound of formula (XXXXII)

in the presence of a suitable base and a suitable solvent; (ix) the reaction of a compound of formula (VI)

with di(C₁₋₆alkyl)vinylphosphonate in the presence of a suitable catalyst and a suitable solvent; (x) deprotecting a compound of formula (XXXXI)

in the presence of a suitable base and a suitable solvent; (xi) the reaction of a compound of formula (XIX) with a compound of formula (III)

in the presence of a suitable catalyst, a suitable ligand, a suitable base, and a suitable solvent; (xii) the reaction of a compound of formula (XX) wherein R^(3a) represents optionally substituted C₁₋₆alkyl, with a compound of formula (XIV)

in the presence of a suitable catalyst, a suitable ligand, a suitable base, and a suitable solvent; (xiii) the reaction of a compound of formula (XXXI)

with W₈—CN, wherein W₈ represents a suitable leaving group, in the presence of a suitable base and a suitable solvent; (xiv) the reaction of a compound of formula (XXXV)

with a suitable base in the presence of a suitable solvent; (xv) deprotecting a compound of formula (XXVI) wherein P represents a suitable protective group,

in the presence of a suitable acid, or a suitable de-silylating agent, and a suitable solvent; (xvi) the reaction of a compound of formula (XXIX) with a compound of formula (XXI)

in the presence of suitable peptide coupling reagents; (xvii) the reaction of a compound of formula (XXIX)

with NHR⁴R⁵ in the presence of suitable peptide coupling reagents and a suitable base, and a suitable solvent; (xviii) reacting the below compound

with NHR⁷R⁸ in the presence of a suitable base and a suitable solvent; (xviii) deprotecting the below compound

in the presence of hydrazine monohydrate and a suitable solvent; wherein R¹, R^(1a), R², R³, R¹⁰, and n are as defined herein; and optionally thereafter converting one compound of the formula (I) into another compound of the formula (I).
 18. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) as defined claim
 1. 19-24. (canceled)
 25. A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of a disease state or condition mediated by a FGFR kinase, which method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a compound of the formula (I) as defined in claim
 1. 